Traumatic cataract study: Surgical outcomes of blunt versus penetrating ocular injuries

Özet

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the results of traumatic cataract surgery with regard to the type of trauma, mainly in the assessment of visual acuity. Fortyfour patients who had been diagnosed with traumatic cataracts were included in this retrospectively designed study. The patients were divided into blunt and penetrating groups according to the type of trauma. Pre- and postoperative ocular findings of the cases were evaluated. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure, intra- and postoperative complications, associated injuries, and surgical approaches were analyzed. Thirty-three of the cases were male (75%) and 11 (25%) were female. There were 23 patients (52.27%) in the blunt group and 21 (47.72%) in the penetrating group. The pre-operative mean vision of the subjects included in the blunt and penetrating groups was 0.82 and 0.96 logMAR, respectively. Ten (22.72%) eyes were hypotonic (<8mmHg), most of which were found in the penetrating group. The mean postoperative vision was 0.22 and 0.39 logMAR in the blunt and penetrating groups, respectively. Posterior capsule perforation was observed in five cases (11.36%) as an outcome of trauma and in two cases (4.54%) as a surgical complication. Anterior vitrectomy was performed in 15 cases and a capsular tension ring was implanted in five cases. In 34 cases (77.27%), an intraocular lens was implanted, and 10 cases (22.72%) were left as aphakic. The follow-up period of the cases was 12 months. The most important factors affecting the final vision of patients undergoing traumatic cataract surgery are preoperative visual acuity and the severity of the trauma. The time of surgery should be individualized according to the severity of the case. Surgical success is related to the type of trauma and the experience of the surgeon.