Can nutritional status of patients in intensive care unit predict mortality and length of hospital stay? A single center retrospective case control study

Özet

To compare the hospitalization duration and mortality with the first day nutritional status of the patients who were hospitalized in intensive care unit of internal medicine department. The files of patients admitted to the ICU between 01-January-2017 and 30-June-2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Those who were not eligible for study in the selected files were later handed off. The remaining patients (169 patients) were evaluated for age, sex, stay in intensive care unit, APACHE2 and Glasgow scores, outcomes (exitus or discharge), NRS-2002 values in day of hospitalization, glucose, creatinine, albumin, White Blood Cell, hematocrit, thrombocyte, C-reactive protein and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) values were recorded. In addition, patients need for mechanical ventilation and underlying diseases (Chronic renal failure, cancer, sepsis, etc.) were recorded. The mean NRS-2002 score of the whole group was 4.28±0.90. The mean NRS-2002 score of discharged patients was 3.98±0.80 while the mean NRS-2002 score was 4.71±0.86 (p<0.001). There were positive correlations between NRS-2002 scores and age (r=0.537, p <0.001), APACHE2 score (r=0.250, p=0.001), blood creatinine level (r=0.255, p=0.001). There were statistically significant correlations between NRS-2002 scores and serum albumin levels (r=-0.250, p<0.001) and Glasgow coma scores (r=-0.310, p=<0.001) in the negative direction. There was a negative correlation between hospitalization and NRS-2002 scores in cancer patients (r=-0.495, p=0.019). The mean NRS-2002 score was 5.0±0.89 in patients with sepsis who were discharged, while it was 4.36±0.91 in patients with sepsis who died (p=0.014). The mean NRS-2002 score was 4.22±0.74 in patients with chronic renal disease who were discharged, whereas this value was 4.90±0.70 in exitus group (p=0.003). In this study, we demonstrated nutritional status of serious patients in ICU related with certain outcomes including mortality and hospitalization length.