Seasonal Nutrient Content Changes of Leaf and Leaf + Shoots in Deciduous Christ’s thorn (Palirus spina-christi Mill.)

Yaprağını Döken Karaçalı (Palirus spina-christi Mill.) Türünde Yaprak ve Yaprak + Sürgünlerinin Mevsimsel Besin İçeriği Değişimi

Abstract

Many shrub and tree species growing naturally in the arid and semi-arid regions play an important role as the fodder resources for grazing animals. In recent years, multiple studies were carried out to determine the nutritional content depending on their growth stages, yearly and seasonal of the shrub and tree species. But, no studies have focused on the feeding value of shrub species by taking sample from only leaf and leaf + shoot parts in the different growth stages. For this purpose, this study was conducted to determine the change of seasonal nutrient content of leaf and leaf + shoots of the decidious christ’s thorn (Palirus spina-christi Mill.) growing intensely in Kilis ecological conditions, between the periods of October 2013-September 2014 . Experiment was established according to factorial arrangement in a randomized block design with four replications, and the crude protein (CP), neutral detergent ber (NDF), acid detergent ber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), dry matter digestibility (DMD), digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) and relative feed value (RFV) were determined. in the fodder samples. In the study, the chemical composition of christ’s thorn differed signi cantly (P<0.01) among the seasons and fodder types. Results showed that the ratios of CP, DMD, DE, ME and RFV in Christ’s thorn decreased depending on maturity, and NDF, ADF and ADL contents increased. The desired nutritional values of the leaf samples were also found to be higher than those of the leaf + shoots samples. Consequently, in terms of the nutritional contents examained it was revealed that deciduous christ’s thorn was a good alternative fodder resource especially for small cattles grazing on semi-arid Mediterranean maquis.

Özet

Kurak ve yarı-kurak bölgelerde doğal olarak yetişen pek çok çalı ve ağaç türleri otlanan hayvanlar için yem kaynağı olarak önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Son yıllarda çalı ve ağaç türlerinin yıllık, mevsimsel ve gelişme dönemlerine bağlı olarak besin içeriğini belirlemeye yönelik pek çok araştırma yürütülmüştür. Ancak farklı gelişme dönemlerinde sadece yaprak ve yaprak + sürgün kısımlarından örnek alımı yapılarak çalı türlerinin besin değeri üzerine odaklanılmış bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu amaçla, Ekim 2013-Eylül 2014 dönemleri arasında bir yıl süreyle Kilis ekolojik koşullarında yaygın olarak yetişen yaprağını döken Karaçalı (Palirus spina-christi Mill.) türünün yaprak ve yaprak + sürgünlerin mevsimsel besin içeriği değişimini belirlemek için bu çalışma yürütülmüştür. Araştırma şansa bağlı bloklar da faktöriyel düzenlemeye göre 4 tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuş ve bitki materyallerinde HP (ham protein), NDF (nötr çözücülerde çözünemeyen lif), ADF (asit çözücülerde çözünemeyen lif), ADL (asit çözücülerde çözünemeyen lignin), KMS (kuru madde sindirilebilirliği), SE (sindirilebilir enerji), ME (metabolik enerji) ve NYD (nispi yem değeri) içerikleri belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada karaçalı türünün kimyasal kompozisyon içeriği dönemler ve yem tipleri arasında önemli farklılık göstermiştir (P<0.01). Sonuçlar karaçalı türünün olgunlaşmasıyla (mevsimlere göre) HP, KMS, SE, ME ve NYD oranlarının azaldığı, NDF, ADF ve ADL oranlarının ise artığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca yaprak örneklerin arzulanan besin değerleri (HP, KMS, SE, ME ve NYD), yaprak + sürgün örneklerine göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak yaprağını döken karaçalı türü incelenen besin içerikleri açısından yarı kurak Akdeniz bölgesi makiliklerinde otlanan özellikle küçükbaş hayvanlar için iyi bir alternatif yem kaynağı olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.