Antioxidant Effects of Bisphosphonates in Smoking-Induced Lung Injury in a Rat Model

Özet

Introduction: The role of smoking in the development of lung injury is well established. Many studies have reported that the oxidative stress is increased in smokers. Previous studies have investigated the oxidant and antioxidant effects of zoledronic acid in tissues such as hepatic and oral epithelial cells, but not in lung tissue and bronchial lavage. Methods: The rats were divided into two groups: the first group was exposed to cigarette smoke (CS), and the second group was given subcutaneous zoledronic acid along with cigarette smoke exposure (ZCS). The lung tissue analysis of the groups included interstitial fibrosis, emphysema, and lymphocyte response at the interstitial space. In serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, superoxide dismutase activity and levels of the antioxidant, lipid hydroperoxide, glutathione, H2O2, and transforming growth factor beta1 were measured. Results: The accumulation rate of fibroblasts at the interstitial space was significantly higher in the CS group. The bronchoalveolar lavage levels of H2O2 used for the assessment of oxidative stress were significantly lower in the ZCS group. Discussion and Conclusion: The present study showed that zoledronic acid was effective in reducing the smoke-induced oxidative stress in the lung, especially by strongly lowering the bronchoalveolar lavage levels of H2O2, and it reduced the fibroblast proliferation in the interstitial space.