Journals / Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi / 2017 / Cilt: 17 - Sayı: 35
THE AMERICAN INTERVENTION IN THE 1964 CYPRUS CRISIS AND THE GREEK POLITICAL REACTION (FEBRUARY-AUGUST 1964)
- Pages
- 367–401
- DOI
- —
Abstract
This work is about the American intervention in the 1964 Cyprus Crisis. In particular,the study concentrates on the Greek political reaction to the US mediation efforts duringthe crisis. The process that brought about the first US involvement in the crisis started inNovember 1963, when Makarios sought to change the constitution in order to centralize thegovernment. This move soon led a civil war on the island and after the war, the guarantorpowers got involved. Believing Makarios’ “independent” actions on the island were a threatto “peace” in the Mediterranean. The primary objective of the US was to avoid a war betweenTurkey and Greece and to secure the Natofication of the island. Both Turkey and Greeceaccepted the elimination of Makarios but disagreed on how to achieve it: “Enosis or Enosiswith compensation to Turkey”. Turkey wanted the second option while Greece insisted on thefirst. Makarios, on the other hand, achieved the internationalization of the crisis by demandinghelp from Soviets. Under Cold War conditions, the Johnson administration, believing thatthe second option was the best solution for the interests of all the parties, tried very hard tofind the silver lining between the parties however, they failed to convince the Papandreougovernment in Greece. By examining this historical process, it is proposed to analyze theparameters that led Greece to not accept the US proposals to come to an agreement withTurkey. This will help reveal why the Cyprus issue remained unresolved in 1964, results ofwhich affected 1967 and 1974 Crises and still affects the current deadlock.
Özet
1964 Kıbrıs Krizi’ne Amerika’nın müdahalesini konu edinen bu çalışma, bu süreçte