Journals / Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi / 1970 / Cilt: 3 - Sayı: 9-10
A comparison of the complementfixation test with the Tube- agglutination test in diagnosis of Brucellosis and the importance of this test (CEF) from the standpoint of distinguishing the vaccinated cows from the infected ones
- Pages
- 5–52
- DOI
- —
Abstract
COMPARISON OF THE COMPLEMENT -· FIXATION TEST WITH THE TUBE - AGGLUTiNATION TEST IN DIAGNOSIS OF BRUCELLOSIS AND THE IMPORTANCE OF THIS TEST (CFT) FROM THE STANDPOINT OF DISTINGUISHING THE VACCINATED COWS FROM THE INFECTED ONES (This work is a product of a research project, numbered VHAG/25, conducted with the couperatian and financial support of the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey.) The work is summarized in two parts indicating the results obtained from the SEROLOGICAL AND BACTERIOLOGICAL examinations. I. SEROLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS ı. 2629 blood sera taken from 1087 vaccinated and 1542 unvaccinated cattle were examined comparatively by applying Serumagglutination (SAT) and Complement - fixation (CFT) tests. 2219 sera out of 2629 gave the same ·results by both tests. The CORRELATION BETWEEN THESE TWO METHODS was found to be 84.4 %. 2. Three methods, including plate - agglutination test, (SAT, PAT, CFT) were applied comparatively for the activity control of the 681 blood sera taken from 213 vaccinated and 468 unvaccinated cattle. Same results were obtained on 462 blood sera by the three methods. The CONSISTENCY RATIO AMONG THESE THREE TEST S was found to be 67. 84 %. 3. In the comparative examinations made simultaneously on 2629 blood sera, 587 (22.32 %) and 734 (27.91 %) positive reactions were recorded by SAT and CFT, respectively. CFT was found to have 24. 32 % MORE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE THAN THE AGG· LUTINATION TEST. 4. 1087,30 - month old vaccinated cattle were examined and 126 blood sera gave positive reaction by SAT, whereas 215 sera gave positive reaction by CFT. Consequently, it was observed that at the end of the vaccination period, 88.5 % of the agglutinins and 80.23 % of the CF antibodies in the blood sera of the cows have been lost. The reason for this is that as the vaccinated cattle are often left at infectious stables their immunity is broken down and they are subjected to natural !nfection. Then, the CF test is successfully applied in finding out the infected cattle among the vaccinated ones. 5. The reaction of 67 blood sera taken from the unvaccinated cattle have been found to be suspicious by SAT, whereas they have given negative reaction by CFT. This is an indication of the fact that CFT ABSOLUTEL Y ELIMINATES THE NON-SPECIFIC REACTIONS. 6. 77 abortive cows, both vaccinated and unvaccinated, have shown positive reaction in simultaneous examinations. The fallawing results were obtained from the serological examinations : a) THERE WAS A 59.23 % CORRELATION BETWEEN THE RESULTS OF THE SEROLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS AND THE ABORTIONS; b) BOTH ANTIBODIES (AGGLUTININS AND CF ANTIBODIES) IN THE BLOOD SERA OF MORE THAN HALF OF THE ABORTIVE COWS WERE FOUND AT A MAXIMUM LEVEL. 7. The supernatant fluids of the genital - organ extracts of 27 cows were subjected to the Tube - Agglutination test; the correlations between the results of the agglutination test and Bruceila isolation from the extracts was found to be 81.4 % 8. MUCUS AGGLUTINATION TEST was applied to the vaginal mucus of the cows which have been examined serologically .md simultaneously; the correlation between the Mucus Agglutination test and the serological methods was found to be 75 %. 9. Meanwhile, 120 milk samples taken from the above mentioned cows were alsa tested and a correlation of 72.5 % was recorded between the results obtained from the sera and the milk examina tions. II. BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS 1. 40 Bruceila strains were isolated from the extracts taken from 106 slaughtered cattle. The ratio of Brucella isolation from these reactive cattle is 37.73 %. 2. Brucella organisms . were isolated from 89.79 % of the cows which have given positive reaction in the comparative examinations by SAT and CFT. 3. 22 Brucella strains were isolated from 66 aborted fetuses belonging to the reactive cows which have been sent to our laboratory. The ratio of Bruceila isolation from the aborted fetuses is 33.33 %. 4. The ratio of strain isolation from the genital - organ extracts through inoculation of guinea pigs is 33.96 %, whereas a ratio of 3.7 % was found out by the di rect method that is by spreading the infected material directly to the Petri disheses. This shows us that it is more preferable to use guinea pig inoculation in isolating strains from the contaminated materials such as milk, vaginal mucus, and genital - organ extracts. S. 69.38 % of the strains belonged to the cattle which have given a completely high reaction in all titers of the two tests (SAT and CFT) in simultaneous examinations. 45 6. 52 s trains out of 62 isolated strains have been identified by Dr. Morgan, Weybridge Institute, England, as follows : 42 stı ains were BRUCELLA ABORTUS BIOTYPE III; 8 strains were BRUCELLA ABORTUS BIOTYPE I ; one was BRUCELLA MELITENSIS BIOTYPE II and one was r eported as a Rough culture of BRUCELLA ABORTUS. 61 strains which we have isolated from the cattle were identified as Bruceila Abortus Bang, whereas one btrain only has been found to have Melitensis character. CONCLTJSION : THE PREDOMINANT TYPE OF BRUCELLA DISEASES EXIST AMONG THE CATTLE IN TURKEY IS BRUCELLA ABORTUS BIOTYPE III.
Özet
Yazının özetinin de Serotojik ve Bakteriyolajik muayenelerden elde edilen neticelere göre, iki kısımda hülasa edilmesi uygun bulunmuştur. SEROLOJİK MUAYENELER 1 - 1087 aşılı, 1542 aşısız sığıra ait olmak üzere cem'an 2629 kım serumu aglutinasyon (SAT) ve Complement - fixation (CFT) testleriyle mukayeseli olarak muayeneye tabi tutulmuş 2219 serum iki testle aynı sonucu vermiş ve BU METODLAR ARASINDA UYAR LIK NİSBETİ % 84.4 olarak tesbit edilmiştir. 2 - 213 aşılı ve 468 aşısız sığıra ait cem'an 681 serum'un Plate aglutinasyon testi de dahil olmak üzere üç metodla (SAT, PAT, CFT) mukayeseli olarak yapılan aktivite kontrollarında 462 serumdan her üç testle aynı sonuç elde edilmiş olup ÜÇ TEST ARASINDAKİ UYARLIK ORANI % 67.84 olarak tesbit edilmiştir. 3 - Aşılı ve aşısız sığırlara ait 2629 serum'un simultan usulle yapılan mukayeseli muayenesinde SAT ile 587 (% 22.32) CFT ile 734 (% 27.91) poztif reaktör tesbit edilmiş, CF TESTİ AGLUTİNASYON TESTiNE NAZARAN % 24.32 NiSBETiNDE DAHA FAZLA HASTALlKLI SIGIRI MEYDANA ÇIKARMIŞTIR. 4 - 1087 aşılı sığırın 30 aylarını tamamladıktan sonra yapılan muayenelerinde 126 adet serum SAT ile, 215 serum ise ·CFT ile müsbet reaktör bulunmuştur. Neticede aşılama müddetinin sonunda, ineklerin kan serumlarındaki spesifik aglutininlerin % 88 .5, Komplementi tutan antikorların ise % 80.23 nisbetinde kayboldukları tesbit edilmiştir. Bu neticeye aşılı sığırların çok defa bulaşık mıntıkalarda bulundurulması sonucu mukavemetin kırılarak naturel enfeksiyonların meydana gelmesi sebep teşkil etmekte ve bu suretle aşılılar arasındaki enfeksiyona rezervar olan sığırlar da CF testiyle daha fazla tesbit. edilebilmektedir. 5 - SAT ile şüpheli reaksiyon veren 67 baş aşısız sığıra ait serum CFT ile menfi bulunmuş olup CFT'nin Non- spesifik reak~ iyonları elimine ettiği teyid edilmiştir.6 - Sıkıt yapan ve simultan muayenelerde müsbet reaktör bulunan 77 baş aşılı ve aşısız ineğin SEROLOJİK MUAYENELERLE SIKIT VAK'ALARI ARASINDA % 59.23 ORANINDA BİR MUTABAKAT MEVCUT olup sıkıt yapanların yarısından fazlasının kan serumlarında her iki antikor da (Aglutininler ve Komplemen· li fixe edenler) maximal bir seviyede bulunuyor demektir. 7 - Kesilen ineklerin 27'sinin genital organ extraktlarının su· pernetant mayileri Tüp- aglutinasyon testine tabi tutulmuş, extraktların aglutinasyon sonucu ile extraktlardan Brusella izolasyonu arasında % 81.4 oranında bir uyarlık tesbit edilmiştir. 8 - Simultan usulle serolojikman muayeneleri yapılan ineklerin vajen mayilerinin Mucus - aglutinasyon test!yle yapılan rr:uayenelerinde serolajik testlerle uyarlık nisbeti % 75 olarak tesbit edilmiştir. 9 - Serumlarını muayene ettiğimiz sığırlara ait 120 süt numünesi de bu arada muayeneye tabi tutulmuş olup serumlardan alınan neticelerle SÜT MUAYENELERİ ARASINDA % 72.5 nisbetinde bir uyarlık tesbit edilmiştir. BAKTERİYOLOJİK MUAYENELER 1 - Kesime tabi tutulan 106 baş sığıra ait extraktlardan 40 adet Brusella suşu ayrılmış olup, kesilen reaktörleden Brusella izolasyon oranı % 37.73 dür. 2 - SAT ve CFT ile mukayeseli olarak yapılan muayeıi.elerde positif reaktör bulunan ineklerin % 89.79'undan Brusella organizmkri izole edilmiştir. 3 - Reaktör ineklere ait laboratuvarımıza gönderilmiş olan 66 adet atık ceninin 22'sinden Brusella suşu izole edilmiştir. Neticede atık inek ceninlerinden Brusella üretme oranı % 33.33 dür. 4 __:._ Kobay inokulasyonlariyle genital organ extraktlarından suş ayırma nisbeti % 33.96, direkt metodla ise % 3.7 dir. S - Genital organlarından ve ceninlerinden orijini farklı BrusPlla üretilen ineklerin SAT ve CF testierindeki titrelerine göre suş İzolasyonu mukayese edilecek olursa : suşların % 69.38'i kom-bine muayenelerde iki testin bütün titrelerinde komple yüksek bir reaksiyon gösteren sığırlara aittir. 6 - Elde edilen 62 suş'un 52'si İngiltere'de Weybridge enstii. üsünde Dr. MORGAN tarafından idantifiye edilmiştir. 42 adet suş BRUSELLA ABORTUS BİOTYPE 3, 8 SUŞ BRUSELLA ABORTUS BIOTYPE I, bir suş BRUSELLA MELİTENSİZ BIOTYPE 2 olarak bildirilmiştir. Sığırlardan ayırdığımız 61 suş'un Brusella · abortus Bang olmasına mukabil bir şu s melitensiz karekterde bulunmuştur. Neticede memleketimizde : SIGIRLAR ARASINDA SEYRETMEKTE OLAN BRUSELLA ENFEKSİYONLARINDA PREDOMİNANT TİP BRUSEİLA ABORTUS BIOTYPE 3 dür.