Changes in the essential oil content and composition of lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia Emeric ex Loisel.) under the natural and artificial drying conditions

Özet

Öz The research was conducted with the aim to investigate effects on the essential oil content and composition of lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia Emeric ex Loisel.) of drying in natural (in the shade and the sun) and artificial drying conditions (30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65 and 70 0C in drying machine). Essential oil content of fresh stem and dry stemless flower harvested in full blooming period of lavandin was obtained by water distillation method, and composition of essential oil was identified with GC/MS. The effect of the drying method on essential oil content of lavandin was statistically significant (p<0.01), and the highest essential oil content was obtained from in 35 0C (9.48%), the lowest essential oil content from the 70 0C (9.48%). The essential oil content of lavandin was decreased in the higher drying temperatures (50-70 0C). Linalool, linalyl acetate, camphor, borneol, neryl acetate, α-terpineol and geranyl acetate in essential oil of fresh stem and dry stemless flower lavandin were determined as the main components. The main components ratio of lavandin varied according to drying methods, and the highest linalool, linalyl acetate, camphor, borneol, neryl acetate, α-terpineol and geranyl acetate content were determined in 30 0C, 65 0C, 45 0C, 50 0C, 55 0C, 60 0C and 60 0C, respectively, in drying machine. The optimal drying temperature in term of both essential oil content and their quality standards was determined as 35-40 0C, and both essential oil content and components were decreased in the higher drying temperature and natural drying. Generally, natural flower color of lavandin in all the drying temperature was to be discoloration compare to fresh stem flower.