Trends of sensitization to aeroallergens in patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma in the city of Bursa, South Marmara Sea Region of Turkey

Abstract

Background/aim: Allergic rhinitis AR and asthma are the most common allergic disorders worldwide. Aeroallergens are critical causative factors in the pathogenesis of these disorders and sensitization to aeroallergens differs in various countries and regions. Identification of the most common aeroallergen sensitization is crucial in the diagnosis and management of AR and asthma. We examined the distribution of aeroallergen sensitizations detected by skin prick tests SPTs in adult patients with AR and/or asthma in the city of Bursa. Materials and methods: Five hundred forty-five patients who underwent a SPT and were diagnosed with rhinitis and/or asthma in the Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine's Department of Immunology and Allergic Diseases Outpatient Clinic from March 2018 to August 2018 were retrospectively evaluated. SPTs with standard extracts including house dust mites, pollens, molds, animal dander, and latex were performed for patients. Results: A total of 545 patients were included and most of the patients 270; 49.5% were between 30 and 49 years of age. The prevalence of atopy was 57.9%. The most common aeroallergens detected in SPTs were Dermatophagoides farinae 50% and D. pteronyssinus 44% , followed by grass-rye mix 43% , grass mix 38.6% , olive 33.2% , and wheat 32.3% . The sensitization to olive pollen was higher in cases of mild asthma 52% , while sensitization to D. farinae was higher in patients with mild and moderate asthma 54.5%, 54.2% P