Complications Associated With Orthognathic Surgery

Abstract

Introduction Orthognathic surgery is a well-established treatment modality for the treatment of advanced dentofacial deformities. On the other hand, there are also numerous complications associated with orthognathic surgery. Material & Methods The purpose of this study was to review the literature for gathering and summarizing the pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative complications associated with orthognathic surgery, providing adequate knowledge for the oral and maxillofacial surgeon. Results There is no consensus on the incidence of complications in orthognathic surgery but the most commonly reported complications were found to be hemorrhage, nerve damage, infection, bad splits or undesired fractures at the osteotomy lines or distant places, post-operative nausea and vomiting, aseptic necrosis, mal-union, non-union, relapse, and dental injuries. If timely precautions are not taken, the result of some serious complications such as hemorrhage and infections might even be lethal. Conclusion Surgeons need to be well prepared to avoid and manage all possible complications associated with orthognathic surgery and inform their patients extensively about these prior to the operation, getting their written consents. This will help prevent medicolegal issues, leading to better treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction.