| The Protracted Civil War in Libya: The Role of Outside Powers | YAHIA H. ZOUBIR | 11–27 |
| EU Policy towards Libya | TAREK MEGERISI | 29–40 |
| Turkey’s Libya Policy: Achievements and Challenges | İSMAİL NUMAN TELCİ | 41–54 |
| Strange Bedfellows: Why France’s Emmanuel Macron and His Autocratic Friends Are Attempting to Impose Another Strongman in the MENA Region | Timothy REID | 55–71 |
| Turkey’s Role in the Reconstruction of Libya | Guma EL-GAMATY | 73–85 |
| From Zero-Sum to Positive Sum: Cultivating Political Settlement and Reform in Libya | SHATHA SBETA,MOHAMED ABUFALGHA | 87–97 |
| Peace Negotiations Cannot Be Held Forever: Breaking the Deadlock in the Armenia-Azerbaijan Conflict | FARID SHAFIYEV,VASIF HUSEYNOV | 99–109 |
| A Sea Change in the MENA Region: External Interventions in Libya | TALHA KÖSE,BİLGEHAN ÖZTÜRK | 113–138 |
| Hybrid Political Order in Libya: State, Non-State, and Armed Actors | Murat ASLAN | 139–156 |
| The UAE’s Disruptive Policy in Libya | ALI BAKIR | 157–177 |
| Managing the Refugee Crisis in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic | MAHMOOD MONSHIPOURI,BURCU AKAN ELLIS,CASSIDY RENEE YIP | 179–200 |
| The Actorness of the EU in Its Energy Relations with Algeria | LUK TICH,JAN MAZA,ZBYN K DUBSK | 201–227 |
| Contested Waters: Implications of the 2018 Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea and the Future of the Trans-Caspian Pipeline | SHAMKHAL ABILOV,CEYHUN MAHMUDLU,NATIG ABDULLAYEV | 229–250 |
| The Ottoman Legacy and Neo-Ottomanism: A Review Article | OZAY MEHMET | 253–260 |