Journals / Güncel Pediatri / 2019 / Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1

Characteristics of Epilepsy and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Comorbidity in Children: A Retrospective Analysis

Çocuklarda Epilepsi ve Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu Birlikteliğinin Özellikleri: Geriye Dönük İnceleme

Pages
71–84
Publication Date
2019-04-01
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

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⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The similarity of other features suggests that common pathogenetic mechanisms may play a role in this comorbidity.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:INTRODUCTION: Epilepsy is often accompanied by attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
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Key Findings & Data:METHODS: Data of forty-four (33 males, 11 girls) consecutive epilepsy patients with ADHD were retrospectively reviewed.
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Conclusion & Impact:The similarity of other features suggests that common pathogenetic mechanisms may play a role in this comorbidity.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Çocuk · dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu · epilepsi

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Epilepsy is often accompanied by attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). There are different opinions about reasons. The effect of epilepsy features was not studied in ADHD before or after epilepsy. We aimed to obtain clues about this comorbidity in children. METHODS: Data of forty-four (33 males, 11 girls) consecutive epilepsy patients with ADHD were retrospectively reviewed. The binary subgroups were statistically compared.RESULTS: ADHD was diagnosed before epilepsy in 11 (25%) and after epilepsy in 33 (75%) patients. The mean age was 11.5±2.7, the first and last seizure ages were 5.2±3 and 9.5±2.8, antiepileptic drug (AED) starting and ADHD ages were 6.6±3.4 and 8.4±2 years respectively. In patients with ADHD after epilepsy, AED and first seizure ages were younger (p=0.004 and p=0.002, respectively). Gender, epilepsy type, ADHD age, electroencephalography and brain magnetic resonance imaging findings were similar. There was a shorter interval time between ADHD and epilepsy in patients with a first seizure age >5 and AED age >6.5 years (p=0.013 and p=0.000). EEG abnormalities were more frequent in patients with >1.5 years time interval between epilepsy and ADHD (p=0.044). The ages of last seizure and AED starting ages were positively correlated with ADHD age (r=0.389, r=0.434, p<0.05). DISCUSSION and CONCLUSION: We found similar ADHD ages in patients with ADHD before or after epilepsy. However, AEDs need was observed in two separate periods, early childhood and school age. The similarity of other features suggests that common pathogenetic mechanisms may play a role in this comorbidity.

Özet

GİRİŞ ve AMAÇ: Çocuklarda, dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB) epilepsiye sıklıkla eşlik etmektedir. Bu birlikteliğin nedenleri konusundaki görüşler farklıdır. Epilepsiden önce veya sonra gelişen DEHB’de, epilepsi özelliklerinin etkisi çalışılmamıştır. Bu çalışmada, DEHB ve epilepsi birlikteliği gösteren çocukların verileri, bu ilişkiye yönelik ipuçları elde etmek amacıyla incelenmiştir. YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Çocuk Nörolojisi polikliniğine ardışık olarak başvuran, epilepsi ve DEHB birlikteliği gösteren 44 hastanın (33 erkek, 11 kız) verileri geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Çeşitli özelliklere göre ikili alt gruplarda istatistiksel karşılaştırma yapıldı. BULGULAR: DEHB 11 hastada (%25) epilepsi bulguları öncesinde, 33 hastada (%75) ise epilepsi sonrasında tanılanmıştı. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 11,5±2,7, ilk nöbet yaşları 5,2±3, son nöbet yaşı 9,5±2,8, antiepileptik başlama yaşı 6,6±3,4, DEHB tanı yaşı 8,4±2 yıldı. Epilepsi sonrasında DEHB tanılananlarda, antiepileptik tedavinin başlangıç yaşı ve ilk nöbet yaşı daha küçüktü (sırasıyla, p=0,004 ve p=0,002). İki gruptaki cinsiyet dağılımı, epilepsi tipi, DEHB tanı yaşı, elektroensefalografi ve beyin manyetik rezonans görüntüleme bulguları benzerdi. Epilepsi ve DEHB tanıları arasındaki sürenin anlamlı olarak kısa olduğu hastalar; ilk nöbet yaşı >5 ve antiepileptik başlama yaşı >6,5 yaş olanlardı (sırasıyla, p=0,013, p=0,000). Epilepsi ve DEHB tanıları arasındaki süre 1,5 yıldan uzun olanlarda, EEG anormalliği daha sıktı (p=0,044). Son nöbet ve AEİ başlama yaşları; DEHB tanı yaşı ile pozitif korelasyon gösterdi (r=0,389, r=0,434, p<0,05). TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ: Çalışmamızda, epilepsiden önce veya sonra DEHB tanılanan hastalarda, DEHB tanı yaşı benzer saptandı. Ancak antiepileptik ilaç gereksinimi, erken çocukluk ve okul çağı olmak üzere, iki ayrı döneme yığılma göstermişti. Diğer epilepsi özelliklerinin benzer olması, iki hastalığın birlikteliğinde ortak patogenetik mekanizmaların rol oynayabileceğini düşündürmektedir.

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Cite This Article

ŞAHİN, S., KAMAŞAK, T., ARSLAN, E. A., DURGUT, B. D., DİLBER, B., KANDİL, S., CANSU, A. (2019). Characteristics of Epilepsy and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Comorbidity in Children: A Retrospective Analysis. Güncel Pediatri, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 71–84. https://ajindex.com/articles/991891

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