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Journals / Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 19 Sayı: 3

Use of Pyrolysed Almond and Walnut Shells (PAS and PWS) for the Adsorption of Cationic Dye: Reusing Agro-Waste for Sustainable Development

Gül Kaykıoğlu(TEKIRDAG NAMIK KEMAL UNIVERSITY)0000-0003-3271-211X
Nesli Aydın(TEKIRDAG NAMIK KEMAL UNIVERSITY)0000-0002-7561-4280
Pages
261–269
Publication Date
2023-09-30
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

This study revealed that PAS and PWS could be used effectively instead of commercial activated carbon, which also provides an advantageous option from an economic point of view.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Agro-wastes are recognised as a carbon-rich source, which can be converted into value-added products in sustainable development.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The removal efficiency of 6 mg/L initial MB concentration improved from 10.6% to 50.42% for PAS, when the adsorbent dose was increased from 0.5 g to 3.5 g in 1 L dye solution.
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Conclusion & Impact:This study revealed that PAS and PWS could be used effectively instead of commercial activated carbon, which also provides an advantageous option from an economic point of view.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Adsorption · Agro-Waste · Methylene Blue

Abstract

Agro-wastes are recognised as a carbon-rich source, which can be converted into value-added products in sustainable development. In this study, the effect of pH, contact time, initial concentration, and ionic strength were evaluated in Methylene Blue (MB) adsorption by using an activated carbon obtained from pyrolysed almond (PAS) and walnut shells (PWS). The characterisation of PAS and PWS was conducted by SEM-EDX, FT-IR and BET analysis. The removal efficiency of 6 mg/L initial MB concentration improved from 10.6% to 50.42% for PAS, when the adsorbent dose was increased from 0.5 g to 3.5 g in 1 L dye solution. It also improved from 14.8% to 48.7% for PWS, when the adsorbent dose was increased from 0.5 g to 3.5 g. The adsorption fits well with the Freundlich isotherm model and the second-order kinetic model is more favourable. In the adsorption experiments using PWS, 48% removal efficiency was obtained in the absence of NaCl. Depending on the increasing NaCl concentration, the removal efficiencies showed a decrease. 36% removal efficiency was obtained for PWS when 2500 mg/L NaCl was used. In the adsorption experiments using PAS, 40% removal efficiency was obtained in the absence of NaCl. When 500 mg/L NaCl was used, the maximum removal efficiency improved to 48%. However, with the increase in ionic strength, removal efficiencies decreased to approximately 39%. This study revealed that PAS and PWS could be used effectively instead of commercial activated carbon, which also provides an advantageous option from an economic point of view.

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Cite This Article

Kaykıoğlu, G., Aydın, N. (2023). Use of Pyrolysed Almond and Walnut Shells (PAS and PWS) for the Adsorption of Cationic Dye: Reusing Agro-Waste for Sustainable Development. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 3, 261–269. https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1310461

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