The Effect of Long-Term Heavy Smoking on Gingival Crevicular Fluid IL-4 levels

Objective & Hypothesis:Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of long-term and heavy smoking on the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) interleukin–4 (IL-4) levels in chronic periodontitis patients.

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Key Findings & Data:Methods: The study population included 126 non-smoker (NS) and long-term and heavy smoker (S) chronic periodontitis patients and 17 non-smoker healthy controls (C).

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Conclusion & Impact:Conclusion: Our study has supported that long-term and heavy smoking impairs the immune response in periodontitis patients.

🔬Design:Research Article

📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample

⚙️Variables:İnterlökin–4 · dişeti oluğu sıvısı · periodontitis

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of long-term and heavy smoking on the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) interleukin–4 (IL-4) levels in chronic periodontitis patients. Methods: The study population included 126 non-smoker (NS) and long-term and heavy smoker (S) chronic periodontitis patients and 17 non-smoker healthy controls (C). The NS and S groups were divided into three subgroups according to the probing depth (PD) categories: a: PD â‰¤ 3 mm, b: PD= 4-5 mm, c: PD > 5 mm. For each individual, clinical data were recorded. Results: All of the NS subgroups had higher IL–4 concentrations than the C group (p<0.05). But in the S a- and b-subgroups, lower IL–4 levels were found than that in the C group (p<0.05). The NS a- and b-subgroups showed significant negative correlations between IL–4 and gingival inflammation symptoms (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study has supported that long-term and heavy smoking impairs the immune response in periodontitis patients.

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı uzun dönem aşırı sigara kullanımının kronik periodontitis hastalarında dişeti oluğu sıvısı (DOS) interlökin (IL)-4 düzeylerine etkisini belirlemekti. Yöntem ve Gereç: Çalışma popülasyonu sigara içmeyen (S-), uzun dönem aşırı sigara içen (S+) 126 kronik periodontitisli ve 17 sağlıklı kontrol (K) bireyden oluştu. Sigara içen ve içmeyen gruplar cep derinliği (CD) kategorilerine göre üçer alt gruba (a: CD â‰¤ 3 mm, b: CD= 4-5 mm, c: CD > 5 mm) ayrıldı. Bireylerden klinik ölçümler kaydedildi. Bulgular: Sigara içmeyen tüm S- alt gruplarında K grubuna göre DOS IL–4 düzeyleri yüksekti (p<0.05). Ancak DOS IL–4 düzeyleri S+a ve S+b alt gruplarında K grubuna göre anlamlı derecede düşük bulundu (p<0.05). Dişeti inflamasyon belirteçleri ve IL–4 düzeyleri arasındaki korelasyonlar S-a ve S-b alt gruplarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve negatifti (p<0.05). Sonuçlar: Çalışmamızın sonuçları uzun dönemli aşırı sigara kullanımının periodontitisli bireylerde immün cevapta bazı bozulmalara yol açabileceğini desteklemektedir.

Keywords

İnterlökin–4 dişeti oluğu sıvısı periodontitis sigara kullanımı Interleukin–4 gingival crevicular fluid smoking

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Cite This Article

Kırzıoğlu, P. D. F., AY, D. D. Z. Y., Cüre, Y. D. D. M. C., SÜTÇÜ, D. D. R., Demirel, D. D. R. (2012). The Effect of Long-Term Heavy Smoking on Gingival Crevicular Fluid IL-4 levels. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 3 - Sayı: 2, 69–76. https://ajindex.com/articles/702383

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