Journals / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi / 2020 / Cilt: 26 - Sayı: 4

Comparison of post-operative outcomes of graft materials used in reconstruction of blow-out fractures

Blow-out fraktürleri onarımında kullanılan greft materyallerinin ameliyat sonrası sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması

Pages
538–544
Publication Date
2022-11-06
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

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⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

None of the patients in this group developed any donor area complications, infection, orimplant extrusion.CONCLUSION: Results show that the auricular conchal cartilage graft was the best biomaterial used to repair defects smaller than4 cm², where as titanium mesh was a good option to repair defects larger than 4 cm².

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Objective & Hypothesis:BACKGROUND: Trauma to the face caused by assault or impact may cause internal orbital fracture.
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Key Findings & Data:Increased intraorbital pressurewithout disruption of soft tissue integrity or causing a fracture line in orbital rims or orbital floor fractures described as “orbital blowoutfracture”.
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Conclusion & Impact:None of the patients in this group developed any donor area complications, infection, orimplant extrusion.CONCLUSION: Results show that the auricular conchal cartilage graft was the best biomaterial used to repair defects smaller than4 cm², where as titanium mesh was a good option to repair defects larger than 4 cm².
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2011 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Trauma to the face caused by assault or impact may cause internal orbital fracture. Increased intraorbital pressurewithout disruption of soft tissue integrity or causing a fracture line in orbital rims or orbital floor fractures described as “orbital blowoutfracture”. Such fractures have been categorized as “pure blow-out fractures” in which only the orbital floor is affected, and “impureblow-out fractures” in which other maxillofacial bones such as zygoma, maxilla and nasoethmoid are also affected. Physical examinationreveals periorbital edema and ecchymosis, subconjunctival hemorrhage, limitation of eye globe movements, diplopia, enophthalmos,dystopia, and infraorbital hypoesthesia. Reconstruction of the orbital bony structures is the most important issue to preserve thestandard orbital functions and providing an aesthetic view. Although many surgical approaches have been defined in the literatureregarding the attitude and timing of treatment, no consensus exists. In literature; many autogenous and alloplastic biomaterials havebeen recommended to correct orbital bone defects.METHODS: This study aims to compare postoperative outcomes of patients presenting with pure and impure blow-out fracturesrepaired with cartilage, bone grafts, titanium mesh or porous polyethylene implant. Sixty-four orbital floor fractures of 62 cases wereincluded in this research who admitted to our clinic with maxillofacial trauma between 2011 and 2018. All patients underwent maxillofacialradiological examination; Waters radiography and also axial-coronal plane maxillofacial and orbital computerized tomography.RESULTS: Permanent, post-operative, vertical diplopia in extreme gazes was detected in 3 of 14 patients in whom the orbital floorwas reconstructed with an iliac bone graft. Two of nineteen cases who underwent reconstruction using auricular conchal cartilage grafthad vertical diplopia in extreme gazes four months after the operation. The implant extruded and became palpable in 2 of 15 patientsin the porous polyethylene implant group. None of the patients in the iliac bone and conchal cartilage autograft groups was presentedlate postoperative enophthalmos according to the graft resorption. In titanium mesh group, 1 of eleven patients had permanent, postoperativevertical diplopia in extreme gazes. None of the patients in this group developed any donor area complications, infection, orimplant extrusion.CONCLUSION: Results show that the auricular conchal cartilage graft was the best biomaterial used to repair defects smaller than4 cm², where as titanium mesh was a good option to repair defects larger than 4 cm². However, selection of the optimal biomaterial tobe used to repair orbital blow-out fractures should be made according to patient characteristics and preoperative findings, the severityof the injury, the cost of the biomaterial to be used, and surgeon’s expertise.

Özet

AMAÇ: Yüze alınan travmalarda internal orbital hasar görülebilir. Artan intraorbital basınç ile yumuşak doku bütünlüğünü bozulmadan orbital rimde ya da orbita tabanında kırık oluşumuna “blow-out fraktürü” adı verilir. Yalnızca orbita tabanının etkilendiği kırıklar “saf blow-out fraktürü” adı verilirken, zigoma, maksilla ve nazoetmoid kemiklerin de etkilendiği kırıklar “saf olmayan, kompleks blow-out fraktürleri” olarak nitelendirilir. Fizik muayenede periorbital ödem ve ekimiz, subkonjonktival kanama, göz hareketlerinde kısıtlılık, diplopi,enoftalmi, distopi ve infraorbital hipoestezi bulguları görülebilir. Orbital kemik yapıların rekonstruksiyonu hem standart göz fonksiyonunun sağlanması hem de estetik görünüm için elzemdir. Cerrahi yaklaşım ve zamanlaması açısından birçok görüş olmasına rağmen bir konsensus oluşmamıştır. Literatürde, orbita kemik defektlerini düzeltilmesi için birçok otojen ve alloplastik biyomateryallerin kullanımı konusunda çalışmalar mevcuttur. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Bu çalışmada, saf ve kompleks blow-out fraktürü olan, kartilaj ve ya kemik greftleri ile titanyum mesh ya da poroz polietilen implant kullanılarak orbital rekonstrüksiyonu yapılan olguların postoperatif sonuçları karşılaştırılmıştır. 2011–2018 yılları arasında kliniğimize maksillofasiyal travma ile başvuran 62 olgunun 64 orbital taban kırığı çalışmaya dahil edildi. Tüm hastalara maksillofasiyal muayene yapıldı, radyolojik olarak Waters radyografi ve ayrıca aksiyal-koronal düzlem maksillofasiyal ve orbital bilgisayarlı tomografi ile değerlendirildi. BULGULAR: İliyak kemik grefti ile rekonstrüksiyon yapılan 14 hastanın 3’ünde aşırı bakışta kalıcı, ameliyat sonrası, dikey diplopi saptandı. Aurikula konkal kartilaj grefti ile rekonstrüksiyon yapılan 19 olgunun ikisinde operasyondan dört ay sonra aşırı bakışlarda dikey diplopi mevcuttu. İmplant, gözenekli polietilen implant grubundaki 15 hastanın 2’sinde ekstrüde oldu ve palpe edilebilir hale geldi. İliyak kemik ve konkal karitlaj otogreft gruplarında hiçbir hastada greft rezorpsiyonuna göre geç postoperatif enoftalmi izlenmedi. Titanyum mesh grubunda 11 hastadan 1’inde aşırı bakışlarda kalıcı, ameliyat sonrası dikey diplopi mevcuttu. Bu gruptaki hiçbir hastada herhangi bir donör bölgesi komplikasyonu, enfeksiyon veya implant ekstrüzyonu gelişmedi. TARTIŞMA: 4 cm²’den küçük defektlere yol açan blow-out fraktürlerinde kullanılabilecek en iyi biyomateryal aurikula konkal kartilaj iken; titanyum mesh 4 cm²’den büyük defektleri onarmak için iyi bir seçenek olmuştur. Bununla birlikte, orbita blow-out fraktürlerini onarmak için kullanılacak optimal biyomateryalin seçimi hasta özellikleri ve preoperatif bulgulara, yaralanmanın ciddiyetine, kullanılacak biyomateryalin maliyetine ve cerrahın uzmanlığına göre yapılmalıdır.

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Cite This Article

DÜZGÜN, S., SİRKECİ, B. K. (2022). Comparison of post-operative outcomes of graft materials used in reconstruction of blow-out fractures. Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi, Cilt: 26 - Sayı: 4, 538–544. https://ajindex.com/articles/644126

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