Journals / Türkiye Acil Tıp Dergisi / 2006 / Cilt: 6 - Sayı: 1

Craniocervical junction computed tomography in major head injury patients

Majör kafa travmalı hastalarda kraniyoservikal bileşke tomografisi

Pages
7–11
Publication Date
2022-11-05
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Craniocervical junction CT should be routinely used for the patient population with a GCS score of 8 or less.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objectives: Evaluation of the cervical vertebra for injuries in patients who present to the emergency department with blunt head trauma is common practice.
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Key Findings & Data:The aim of this study was to determine the utility of craniocervical junction CT for the assessment of the upper cervical region in unconscious or intubated patients with severe head injury by comparing injuries identified with this modality to those found by plain 3 view x-ray radiography of the cervical spine.
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Conclusion & Impact:Craniocervical junction CT should be routinely used for the patient population with a GCS score of 8 or less.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Objectives: Evaluation of the cervical vertebra for injuries in patients who present to the emergency department with blunt head trauma is common practice. The aim of this study was to determine the utility of craniocervical junction CT for the assessment of the upper cervical region in unconscious or intubated patients with severe head injury by comparing injuries identified with this modality to those found by plain 3 view x-ray radiography of the cervical spine. The null hypothesis is: "Plain radiographies are not better than CT for the assessment of the upper cervical region". Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational clinical study, performed during a three year study period at a University Hospital Emergency Department with an annual adult patient volume of more than 50.000. Patients of all ages who presented to the emergency department with blunt trauma and who had a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of less than nine were included in the study. Prior to CT examination, all patients had standard cervical X-Ray. During CT of the brain, 5 mm-long cross-sectional CT cuts of the upper cer¬vical region were obtained. CT and plain radiographs were read by two different radiologists who were blinded to the study. Results: 215 patients with multiple trauma and GCS of eight or lower presented to the emergency department ' during the study period. 128 of these patients were enrolled the study. There were imaging findings in 13,2% (n=17) of these patients at the craniocervical junction. 64,7% (n=11) of findings were only recognized by craniocervical CT, 23,5% (n=4) by both craniocervical CT and cervical X-Ray and 11,8% (n=2) by cervical X-Ray alone. When the craniocervical CT was taken as the gold standard, the sensitivity and specifity of the plain cervical radiography in demonstrating the craniocervical junction findings was 28% and 98%, respectively. Conclusion: In patients with multiple trauma who present to the ED unconscious and with a GCS score of eight or less, CT is superior to conventional plain radiography in diagnosing upper cervical fractures. Conventional plain radiography could not detect 25% patients with cervical fractures. No additional neurological injury developed in any of these patients. Craniocervical junction CT should be routinely used for the patient population with a GCS score of 8 or less.

Özet

Giriş: Kunt kafa travması nedeniyle acil servise getirilen hastaların başlangıç değerlendirilmesinde servikal vertebra yaralanmalarının saptanması çok önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, majör kafa travmalı bilinci kapalı veya entübe edilmiş hastalarda üst servikal bölgenin değerlendirilmesi için kraniyoservikal bileşke tomografisinin rutin kullanımını araştırmak ve üst servikal bölgenin görüntülenmesinde düz radyografiler ile tomografiyi karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma üç yıllık bir çalışma süresince, yıllık ortalama 50.000 erişkin hasta sayısı olan Akdeniz Üniversitesi Hastanesi Acil Servis'inde, ileriye dönük gözlemsel klinik bir çalışma olarak gerçekleştirildi. Glasgow Koma Skalası (GKS) skoru sekiz ve altında olan, kunt kafa travması nedeniyle acil servise getirilen tüm yaş gruplarındaki hastalar çalışmaya alındı. Çalışmaya alınan hastaların acil serviste ilk stabilizasyonu yapıldıktan sonra, ön-arka ve lateral servikal vertebra grafileri portatif X-Ray cihazı ile çekildi. Daha sonra bu hastaların tümüne beyin tomografisi çekilirken aynı zamanda 5 mm'lik kesitler halinde üst servikal bölgenin tomografisi çekildi. Bulgular: Çalışma süresi boyunca GKS =s8 olan 215 çoklu travmalı hasta acil servise getirilmiştir. Çalışmaya dahil etme kriterlerine sahip 128 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Çalışmaya alınan hastaların 17'sinde (%13,2) kraniyoservikal bileşkede patolojiye rastlandı. Bu patolojili 11 olgu (%64,7) sadece tomografi ile, 4 olgu (%23,5) kraniyoservikal BT ve servikal grafi ve 2'side (%11.8) sadece servikal grafi ile saptandı. Kraniyoservikal BT altın standart olarak kullanıldığında servikal grafinin kraniyoservikal bileşke patolojilerini göstermedeki sensitivite ve spesifitesi sırasıyla %28 ve %98 olarak hesaplandı. Sonuç: Acil servise bilinci kapalı olarak getirilen GKS skoru sekiz ve altında olan çoklu travmalı hasta popülasyonu arasında, tomografi üst servikal kırıkların tanısını koymada konvansiyonel grafilerden daha üstün olarak saptanmıştır. Konvansiyonel grafiler %25 oranında hastayı servikal kırık varken atlamış fakat hiçbir hastada ek nörolojik patoloji gelişmemiştir. GKS

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Cite This Article

KILIÇASLAN, İ., ÇETE, Y., KARTAL, M., ÖZKAYNAK, C., BEKTAŞ, F. (2022). Craniocervical junction computed tomography in major head injury patients. Türkiye Acil Tıp Dergisi, Cilt: 6 - Sayı: 1, 7–11. https://ajindex.com/articles/625937

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