Journals / Türkderm-Deri Hastalıkları ve Frengi Arşivi / 2013 / Cilt: 47 - Sayı: 1

The place of molecular methods in the identification of dermatophytes and the determination of their feasibility

Dermatofitlerin identifikasyonunda moleküler yöntemlerin yeri ve uygulanabilirliğinin belirlenmesi

Pages
26–32
Publication Date
2022-11-05
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Discussion: This study suggests that, molecular methods offer fast and reliable results in identification of dermatophytes.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Background and Design: Unlike opportunistic fungi, dermatophytes cannot be isolated on the conventional culture media in a few days.
📊
Key Findings & Data:In this study, we aimed to identify 56 dermatophytes strains, which were identified by conventional methods, by molecular methods and to investigate the correlation between the two methods and to determine the usability of molecular methods in routine laboratories.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Discussion: This study suggests that, molecular methods offer fast and reliable results in identification of dermatophytes.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Background and Design: Unlike opportunistic fungi, dermatophytes cannot be isolated on the conventional culture media in a few days. Their growing periods cover approximately two weeks in a suitable media and identification are made with conventional methods as typical macroscopic and microscopic appearance. However, successful results are not always obtained with the phenotypic features, and thus, diagnostic problems and delay in diagnosis and treatment may arise. For this reason, the methods based on nucleic acid amplification have been necessary. In this study, we aimed to identify 56 dermatophytes strains, which were identified by conventional methods, by molecular methods and to investigate the correlation between the two methods and to determine the usability of molecular methods in routine laboratories. Materials and Methods: Several clinical samples of 270 patients with suspected dermatophytoses (hair+scalp, skin and nail scrapings) were examined by conventional methods; Sabouraud dextrose agar, corn meal agar and potato dextrose agar were used for isolation. In case of necessity to hydrolyze urea, to be used different vitamins in Trichophyton agar media were investigated. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence analyses were done for the molecular diagnosis. Results: Using conventional methods, 37 strains (66,1%) were identified as Trichophyton(T) rubrum, four (7.1%) - T.mentagrophytes, four (7.1%) - T.tonsurans, one (1.8%) - T.violaceum, eight (14.3%) - Trichophyton spp., one (1.8%) - Microsporum(M) canis, and one (1.8%) - Microsporum spp. According to the molecular and sequence analyses results (T1PCR, 25GAPCR, ITSPCR-RFLP and sequence analyses), 41 (73.8%) strains were identified as T.rubrum, 10 (17.8%) - T.interdigitale, one (1.8%) - T. violaceum, two (3.6%) - M. canis, one (1.8%) - Peacilomyces lilacinus, and one (1,8%) - Aspergillus fumigatus. Discussion: This study suggests that, molecular methods offer fast and reliable results in identification of dermatophytes.

Özet

Amaç: Dermatofitler geleneksel izolasyon besiyerlerinde fırsatçı mantarlar gibi birkaç günde izole edilemezler. Uygun ortamda üreme süreleri yaklaşık olarak iki haftayı kapsar ve identifikasyonunda tipik makroskopik, mikroskopik özellikler ve biyokimyasal testler gibi geleneksel yöntemlerden yararlanılır. Ancak fenotipik özellikler ile her zaman başarılı sonuçların alınamayışı, bu nedenle tanı ve tedavide oluşabilecek gecikme ve sorunlar, nükleik asit amplifikasyon temeline dayalı yöntemlerden yararlanmayı gerekli kılmıştır. Bu çalışmada geleneksel yöntemler ile identifikasyonu yapılan 56 dermatofit suşunun moleküler yöntemlerle de identifiye edilerek her iki yöntemin birbirleriyle uyum derecelerinin araştırılması ve moleküler yöntemlerin rutin laboratuvarlarda kullanılabilirliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Dermatofitoz ön tanılı 270 hastanın çeşitli klinik örnekleri (saç+saçlı deri, deri ve tırnak kazıntısı) öncelikle geleneksel yöntemlerle incelenmiş; Sabouraud dekstroz agar, mısır unlu agar ve patates dekstroz agar besiyerleri izolasyon amacı ile kullanılmıştır. Gerektiğinde üreyi hidrolize etme, Trichophyton agar besiyerlerindeki çeşitli vitaminleri kullanabilme özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Moleküler tanı amacı ile polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR) ve sekans analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Geleneksel yöntemler ile suşların 37 (%66,1)’sinin Trichophyton (T) rubrum, dördünün (%7,1) T. mentagrophytes, dördünün (%7,1) T. tonsurans, birinin (%1,8) T. violaceum, sekizinin (%14,3) Trichophyton cinsinden, birinin (%1,8) Microsporum(M) canis, birinin (%1,8) Microsporum cinsinden olduğu saptanmıştır.Moleküler (T1 PCR, 25 GA PCR, ITS PCR-RFLP ve sekans analizi) identifikasyon sonuçlarına göre ise 41 suş (%73,2) T. rubrum, 10 suş (%17,8) T. interdigitale, bir suş (%1,8) T. violaceum, iki suş (%3,6) M. canis, bir suş (%1,8) Peacilomyces lilacinus, bir suş (%1,8) Aspergillus fumigatus olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonuçları identifikasyonlarında zorluk çekilen dermatofitlerin cins ve tür düzeyinde tanımlanmasında moleküler yöntemler ile hızlı ve güvenilir sonuçlar alındığını göstermiştir.

🔖

Cite This Article

YEĞENOĞLU, Y., ÖZARMAĞAN, G., SUSEVER, S., BIYIK, F., GRASER, Y. (2022). The place of molecular methods in the identification of dermatophytes and the determination of their feasibility. Türkderm-Deri Hastalıkları ve Frengi Arşivi, Cilt: 47 - Sayı: 1, 26–32. https://ajindex.com/articles/621867

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (16)

  1. Padhye AA, Summerbell RC: Medical Mycology. The dermatophytes. Ed. Merz WG, Hay RJ, Washington, USA ASM Pres, 2005;220-43
  2. Liu D, Coloe S, Baird R, Pedersen J: Application of PCR to the identification of dermatophyte fungi. J Med Microbiol 2000;49:493-7
  3. Machouart-Dubach M, Lacroix C, de Chauvin MF, et al: Rapid discrimination among dermatophytes, Scytalidium spp., and other fungi with a PCR- restriction fragment length polymorphism ribotyping method. J Clin Microbiol 2001;39:685-90
  4. Ninet B, Jan I, Bontems O, et al: Identification of dermatophyte species by 28S ribosomal DNA sequencing with a commercial kit. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:826-30
  5. Weitzman I, Summerbell RC: The dermatophytes. Clin Microbiol Rev 1995; 8:240-59
  6. Larone DH: Medically important fungi a guide to identification. Ed. Washington, ASM Pres, 2011:245-6
  7. Kwon-Chung KJ, Bennet JE: Medical Mycology. Ed. Philadelphia, London Lea&Febiger, 1992;105-97
  8. Rezusta A, Rubio MC, Alejandre MC: Differentiation between Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T. rubrum by sorbitol assimilation. J Clin Microbiol 1991;29:219-20
  9. Sinski JT, Van Avermaete D, Kelley LM: Analysis of tests used to differentiate Trichophyton rubrum from Trichophyton mentagrophytes. J Clin Microbiol 1981;13:62-5
  10. Sudman MS, Schmitt JA: Differentiation of Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes by pigment production. Appl Microbiol 1965;13:290
  11. Pounder JI, Williams S, Hansen D, et al: Repetitive-sequence-PCR-based DNA fingerprinting using the Diversilab system for identification of commonly encountered dermatophytes. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:2141-7
  12. Rippon JW: Medical Mycology. Philadelphia, WB Saunders Company, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Inc, 1988;154-275
  13. Makimura K, Tamura Y, Mochizuki T, et al: Phylogenetic classification and species identification of dermatophyte strains based on DNA sequences of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 regions. J Clin Microbiol 1999;37:920-4
  14. Gräser Y, el Fari M, Presber W, Sterry W, Tietz HJ: Identification of common dermatophytes (Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton) using polymerase chain reactions. Br J Dermatol 1998;138:576-82
  15. Jackson CJ, Barton RC, Evans EG: Species identification and strain differentiation of dermatophyte fungi by analysis of ribosomal-DNA intergenic spacer regions. J Clin Microbiol 1999;37:931-6
  16. Mochizuki T, Ishizaki H, Barton RC, et al: Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of ribos