Journals / Türk Beyin Damar Hastalıkları Dergisi / 2022 / Cilt: 28 - Sayı: 1

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOU TREAT SEPTIC CEREBRAL EMBOLI WITH INTRAVENOUS THROMBOLYTIC TREATMENT? A CASE REPORT

İNFEKTİF ENDOKARDİTE BAĞLI SEPTİK EMBOLİDE İNTRAVENÖZ TROMBOLİTİK TEDAVİ UYGULARSAK NE OLUR? OLGU SUNUMU

Pages
63–67
Publication Date
2022-11-06
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

It was found out that the patient was given an antibiotic treatment due to high fever (39-40 oC) and pharyngitis two weeks before admission to our clinic, and a week later he developed right side weakness.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Infective endocarditis (IE) is the infection of the endocardial surfaces of the heart and intracardiac foreign bodies, and is caused by various microorganisms such as bacteria, fungus and viruses.
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Key Findings & Data:A 35-year-old man with a history of diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HT) was admitted to our clinic with multiple cerebral and cerebellar hemorrhages.
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Conclusion & Impact:It was found out that the patient was given an antibiotic treatment due to high fever (39-40 oC) and pharyngitis two weeks before admission to our clinic, and a week later he developed right side weakness.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Infective endocarditis (IE) is the infection of the endocardial surfaces of the heart and intracardiac foreign bodies, and is caused by various microorganisms such as bacteria, fungus and viruses. Most common findings of IE include cardiac murmur, splenomegaly, Osler nodes, splinter hemorrhages, and Janeway lesions. Here, we aimed to present a IE case which was misdiagnosed as thromboembolic stroke, treated with intravenous (IV) thrombolytic treatment and developed multiple cerebral and cerebellar hemorrhages. A 35-year-old man with a history of diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HT) was admitted to our clinic with multiple cerebral and cerebellar hemorrhages. It was found out that the patient was given an antibiotic treatment due to high fever (39-40 oC) and pharyngitis two weeks before admission to our clinic, and a week later he developed right side weakness. As computerised tomography (CT) and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were normal at the clinic the patient applied with right sided weakness, he was diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke and was given intravenous thrombolytic treatment-alteplase (IV rTPA). Patient was referred to our clinic due to persistent fever, clinical worsening and multiple cerebral and cerebellar hemorrhages in follow-up CT scan. The patient was referred to the Cardiology clinic with the preliminary diagnosis of infective endocarditis. Echocardiography (ECO) showed a thrombotic vegetation measuring 1.1 x 0.7 centimeters (cm) on the anterior mitral valve, and transoesophageal ECO showed a thrombotic vegetation measuring 1.9 x 0.9 on the mitral valve. The patient was referred to Infctious Diseases clinic for initiation of antibiotherapy, and Cardiovascular Surgery clinic regarding the need for surgery. Yet, as the surgery required high-dose heparin application, an operation was not performed. After the treatment, hemorrhage areas were seen to be regressed in follow-up brain CT scan. While evaluating patients who admit to the emergency with high fever and neurological deficits, septic embolism should also be kept in mind at the first visit and imaging methods should be used for further evaluation.

Özet

İnfektif endokardit (İE), endokardın bakteriyel, viral veya fungal mikroorganizmalara bağlı gelişen enfeksiyonudur. Tipik bulguları üfürüm, splenomegali, osler nodülleri, splinter hemoraji, janeway lezyonlarıdır. Bu yazıda ateş yüksekliği sonrasında akut inme ile prezente olan IV rtPA uygulanan multipl serebral-serebellar hemoraji gelişen bir İE olgusunun sunulması amaçlanmıştır. 35 yaşında bilinen DM ve HT öyküsü olan erkek hasta multipl serebral ve serebellar hemoraji nedeni ile kliniğimize yatırıldı. Öyküsünde 2 hafta önce ateş yüksekliği (39-40 derece) gelişmesi üzerine farenjit tanısı ile antibiyotik tedavisi aldığı, ateş yüksekliğinden 1 hafta sonra sağ yan güçsüzlüğü geliştiği öğrenildi. Sağ yan güçsüzlüğü ile başvurduğu merkezde çekilen Beyin Bilgisayarlı Tomografi (BT) ve Beyin Magnetik Rezonans Görüntüleme (MRG) normal saptanan hastaya akut iskemik inme tanısı ile İntravenöz-Alteplaz (IV rtPA) uygulanmış. Çekilen kontrol beyin BT de multipl serebral ve serebellar hemoraji odakları saptanması ve hastanın nörolojik skorunda kötüleşme gelişmesi üzerine hastanemize sevk alındı. Ateş yüksekliği etyolojisi net aydınlatılamamış olan ve multipl hemorajik odağı olan hastada infektif endokardite sekonder septik emboli düşünülerek kardiyoloji tarafından ekokardiografi (EKO) yapıldı. EKO sonucunda mitral kapak anteriorunda 1,1 x 0.7 cm vejetasyon izlenmesi üzerine uygulanan Transözefageal EKO de 1,9 x 0,9 cm vejetasyon saptandı. Enfeksiyon hastalıkları tarafından antibiyotik tedavisi düzenlendi. Kalp Damar Cerrahisine operasyon açısından danışıldı. Operasyon sırasında yüksek doz heparin kullanımı gerekeceği için hematom rezorpsiyonuna kadar operasyon planlanmadı. İzleminde ateş yüksekliği olmayan kontrol EKO larında vejetasyon boyutlarında küçülme izlenen hastanın izlem kranial BT lerinde hemorajilerinde rezorpsiyon izlendi. Acil servise yüksek ateş ve nörolojik defisit ile başvuran hastalar değerlendirilirken, septik embolizm öncelikle akla getirilmelidir ve ileri inceleme için görüntüleme yöntemleri kullanılmalıdır.

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Cite This Article

GÜLER, A., SARUHAN, G., ÇELEBİSOY, N., ŞİRİN, H. (2022). WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOU TREAT SEPTIC CEREBRAL EMBOLI WITH INTRAVENOUS THROMBOLYTIC TREATMENT? A CASE REPORT. Türk Beyin Damar Hastalıkları Dergisi, Cilt: 28 - Sayı: 1, 63–67. https://ajindex.com/articles/620272

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