Journals / Tüberküloz ve Toraks / 2012 / Cilt: 60 - Sayı: 2

The effect of non-invasive mechanical ventilation in postoperative respiratory failure

Postoperatif hastada gelişen solunum yetmezliğinde noninvaziv mekanik ventilasyonun yeri

Pages
185–192
Publication Date
2022-11-03
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The secondary aim is to clarify the optimum method, effect and complications of non-inva-sive mechanical ventilation therapy under the light of the studies which was performed in specific patient groups.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Postoperative respiratory failure is related with the highest mortality and morbidity among all perioperative complications.The most common underlying mechanism of postoperative respiratory failure is the development of atelectasis.
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Key Findings & Data:Anaesthesia,medications which cause respiratory depression, high FiO2 use, postoperative pain and disruption of muscle forces due tosurgery leads to decrease in functional residual capacity and results in atelectasis formation.
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Conclusion & Impact:The secondary aim is to clarify the optimum method, effect and complications of non-inva-sive mechanical ventilation therapy under the light of the studies which was performed in specific patient groups.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Postoperative respiratory failure is related with the highest mortality and morbidity among all perioperative complications.The most common underlying mechanism of postoperative respiratory failure is the development of atelectasis. Anaesthesia,medications which cause respiratory depression, high FiO2 use, postoperative pain and disruption of muscle forces due tosurgery leads to decrease in functional residual capacity and results in atelectasis formation. Atelectasis causes severe hypo-xemia due to ventilation, perfusion mismatch, shunt and increased peripheral vascular resistance. Intrathoracic positive pres-sure is an effective therapeutic option in both prevention and treatment of atelectasis. Non-invasive mechanical ventilation isrelated with a lower mortality and morbidity rate due to lack of any potential complication risks of endotracheal intubation.Non-invasive mechanical ventilation can be applied as prophylactic or curative. Both of these techniques are related with lo-wer reintubation rates, nasocomial infections, duration of hospitalization and mortality in patients with postoperative respi-ratory failure. The differences of this therapy from standard application and potential complications should be well knownin order to improve prognosis in these group of patients. The primary aim of this review is to underline the pathogenesis ofpostoperative respiratory failure. The secondary aim is to clarify the optimum method, effect and complications of non-inva-sive mechanical ventilation therapy under the light of the studies which was performed in specific patient groups.

Özet

Postoperatif solunum yetmezliği tüm perioperatif komplikasyonlar içinde en yüksek mortalite ve morbiditeyle seyredenkomplikasyondur. Postoperatif solunum yetmezliğinin en önemli nedeni ise postoperatif dönemde atelektazi gelişimidir.Anestezi, solunum depresyonu yapan ilaçlar, uygulanan yüksek FiO2, postoperatif ağrı ve cerrahi insizyona bağlı doğru-dan kas hasarıyla birlikte fonksiyonel rezidüel kapasitede azalma sonucu atelektaziye yol açar. Atelektazi sonucu ise ven-tilasyon/perfüzyon dengesizlikleri, şant ve periferik vasküler dirençte artma sonucu ciddi hipoksemiler gelişir. Atelektazigelişimini önlemek ve tedavi etmek için kullanılan en önemli yaklaşım intratorasik pozitif basınç uygulamasıdır. Noninva-ziv mekanik ventilasyon uygulamasında, endotrakeal entübasyonla ilişkili komplikasyonlar görülmediğinden mortalite vemorbidite anlamlı düzeyde düşüktür. Postoperatif solunum yetmezliğinde noninvaziv mekanik ventilasyon profilaktik ve-ya küratif olarak uygulanabilir. Yapılan araştırmalarda gerek profilaktik gerekse küratif noninvaziv mekanik ventilasyontedavisinin postoperatif solunum yetmezlikli hastalarda reentübasyon oranları, nozokomiyal infeksiyon oranları, yatış sü-releri ve mortaliteyi olumlu etkilediği gösterilmiştir. Komplikasyon gelişimi açısından yüksek riskli bir grup olan bu hasta-larda noninvaziv mekanik ventilasyon tedavisinin standart uygulamadan farkları ve olası komplikasyonlarının bilinmesiprognozun iyileştirilmesi için önemlidir. Bu derlemenin öncelikli amacı postoperatif solunum yetmezliğinin patogenezininirdelenmesidir. İkincil amacı ise tedavide kullanılan noninvaziv mekanik ventilasyon tedavisinin en uygun uygulama yön-temleriyle etkisi ve komplikasyonlarının, spesifik hasta gruplarında yapılan araştırmalar ışığında değerlendirilmesidir.

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Cite This Article

KAYA, A., ÖZYILMAZ, E. (2022). The effect of non-invasive mechanical ventilation in postoperative respiratory failure. Tüberküloz ve Toraks, Cilt: 60 - Sayı: 2, 185–192. https://ajindex.com/articles/618691

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