Journals / Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences / 2004 / Cilt: 28 - Sayı: 1

The determination of energy levels insome cereal grains used in ruminant diets by in vivo and in vitro methods

Ruminant beslenmesinde kullanılan bazı dane yemlerin enerji düzeylerinin in vivo ve in vitro metotlarla belirlenmesi

Pages
185–193
Publication Date
2022-11-05
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In this study: a) in vivo and in vitro dry matter digestibility and organic matter digestibility were similar in all grains, except for oat; b) the enzyme technique can be used instead of the in vivo method for the calculation of metabolizable energy and net energy for the lactation content of barley, wheat and rye; c) the enzyme technique can replace the in vivo method for the calculation of the net energy for the lactation content for corn, and the metabolizable energy content for triticale; and d) the enzyme technique cannot be used instead of the in vivo method for oat.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The aim of this study was to determine the energy levels of some energy source grains commonly used in ruminant nutrition by in vivo and in vitro methods.
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Key Findings & Data:To achieve this objective, corn, barley, wheat, rye, oat, and triticale (4 replicates) were utilized.
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Conclusion & Impact:In this study: a) in vivo and in vitro dry matter digestibility and organic matter digestibility were similar in all grains, except for oat; b) the enzyme technique can be used instead of the in vivo method for the calculation of metabolizable energy and net energy for the lactation content of barley, wheat and rye; c) the enzyme technique can replace the in vivo method for the calculation of the net energy for the lactation content for corn, and the metabolizable energy content for triticale; and d) the enzyme technique cannot be used instead of the in vivo method for oat.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the energy levels of some energy source grains commonly used in ruminant nutrition by in vivo and in vitro methods. To achieve this objective, corn, barley, wheat, rye, oat, and triticale (4 replicates) were utilized. The in vivo digestibility of grains was determined with a metabolism trial using 4 animals per sample in an incomplete block design. The in vitro digestibility of grains was determined using an enzyme technique. For this purpose, cellulase, hemicellulase, amylase and pepsin were used. The in vivo dry matter and organic matter digestibilities of corn, barley, wheat, rye, oat and triticale were 83.81, 79.86, 81.34, 83.05, 75.50 and 84.00%; and 83.90, 81.50, 82.33, 83.84, 76.95 and 84.81%, respectively. Digestible energy, metabolizable energy, net energy for lactation content of grains, in the same order, were 15.94, 15.49,15.64, 15.93, 14.62 and 16.12 MJ/kg DM; 13.52, 12.76, 12.98, 13.12, 12.39 and 13.23 MJ/kg DM; and 8.41, 7.84, 7.99, 8.13, 7.52 and 8.21 MJ/kg DM (P < 0.05). The in vitro dry matter and organic matter digestibilities of the grains, in the same order, were 81.21, 80.04, 81.04, 81.72, 62.05 and 84.17%; 82.27, 81.07, 81.82, 82.66, 63.25 and 84.76%. Digestible energy, metabolizable energy and net energy for lactation calculated by the in vitro method were 15.27, 14.98, 15.22, 15.07, 11.88 and 15.61 MJ/kg DM; 12.90, 12.51, 12.68, 12.68, 9.90 and 13.04 MJ/kg DM; and 8.41, 8.11, 8.23, 8.30, 6.79 and 8.43 MJ/kg DM (P < 0.05). In this study: a) in vivo and in vitro dry matter digestibility and organic matter digestibility were similar in all grains, except for oat; b) the enzyme technique can be used instead of the in vivo method for the calculation of metabolizable energy and net energy for the lactation content of barley, wheat and rye; c) the enzyme technique can replace the in vivo method for the calculation of the net energy for the lactation content for corn, and the metabolizable energy content for triticale; and d) the enzyme technique cannot be used instead of the in vivo method for oat.

Özet

Bu çalışmada, ruminant beslemede yaygın olarak kullanılan enerji kaynağı bazı yem maddelerinin enerji içerikleri in vivo ve in vitro yöntemlerle belirlenmiştir. Bu amaçla mısır, arpa, buğday, çavdar, yulaf ve tritikaleden 4'er örnek kullanılmıştır. Yem maddelerinin in vivo sindirilme dereceleri, klasik sindirim denemesi ile belirlenmiştir. Bu denemede "eksik blok deneme deseni" uygulanmış ve her yem hammaddesi 4 farklı hayvana yedirilmiştir. In vitro sindirim denemesinde enzim tekniği kullanılmış ve bu amaçla sellülaz, hemisellülaz, amilaz ve pepsin enzimleri kullanılmıştır. In vivo sindirim denemesinde, yem hammaddelerinin (mısır, arpa, buğday, çavdar, yulaf ve tritikale) kuru madde sindirilme dereceleri (KMS) sırasıyla % 83,81, % 79,86, % 81,34, % 83,05, % 75,50 ve % 84,00; organik madde sindirilme dereceleri (OMS) sırasıyla % 83,90, % 81,50, % 82,33, % 83,84, % 76,95 ve % 84,81; sindirilebilir enerji (SE) içerikleri sırasıyla 15,94, 15,49, 15,64, 15,93, 14,62 ve 16,12 MJ/kg KM; metabolik enerji (ME) içerikleri sırasıyla 13,52, 12,76, 12,98, 13,12, 12,39 ve 13,23 MJ/kg KM; net enerji laktasyon (NEL) içerikleri ise sırasıyla 8,41, 7,84, 7,99, 8,13, 7,52 ve 8,21 MJ/kg KM olarak bulunmuştur (P < 0,05). Aynı yem maddelerinin in vitro KMS değerleri sırasıyla % 81,21, % 80,04, % 81,04, % 81,72, % 62,05 ve % 84,17; OMS değerleri sırasıyla % 82,27, % 81,07, % 81,82, % 82,66, % 63,25 ve % 84,76; SE içerikleri sırasıyla 15,27, 14,98, 15,22, 15,07, 11,88 ve 15,61 MJ/kg KM; ME içerikleri sırasıyla 12,90, 12,51, 12,68, 12,68, 9,90 ve 13,04 MJ/kg KM; NEL içerikleri ise sırasıyla 8,41, 8,11, 8,23, 8,30, 6,79 ve 8,43 MJ/kg KM olarak belirlenmiştir (P < 0,05). Bu çalışmada; a) yulaf dışındaki diğer yem maddelerinin in vivo ve in vitro KMS ve OMS değerlerinin benzer olduğu, b) arpa, buğday ve çavdarda in vivo metot yerine enzim tekniğinin yem maddelerinin ME ve NEL değerlerinin belirlenmesinde kullanılabileceği, c) mısır için NEL, tritikale için ise ME değerlerinin tespitinde in vivo metot yerine enzim tekniğinin kullanılabileceği, d) yulafta enzim tekniğinin in vivo metot yerine kullanılamayacağı, sonucuna varılmıştır.

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Cite This Article

DENİZ, S., DENEK, N. (2022). The determination of energy levels insome cereal grains used in ruminant diets by in vivo and in vitro methods. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Cilt: 28 - Sayı: 1, 185–193. https://ajindex.com/articles/615559

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