Journals / Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology / 2020 / Cilt: 17 - Sayı: 4

Impact of the expanded examination of fetal heart to the prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart diseases

Genişletilmiş fetal kardiyak değerlendirmenin konjenital kalp hastalıklarının prenatal tanısına etkisi

Pages
61–67
Publication Date
2022-11-02
DOI
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Conclusion: Routine evaluation of the fetal heart by means of obstetric USG, including four chambers, outflow tracts’ and three vessel views, would allow for diagnosing congenital cardiac malformations to a large extent during the intrauterine period

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: In the present study, for which reasons fetal cardiac evaluation was requested from our pediatric cardiology clinic, the effects of routine fetal cardiac evaluation in obstetric ultrasonography (USG) on the detection of congenital heart disease (CHD) and the distribution of intrauterine diagnosis of CHD according to pregnancy risk profiles were retrospectively analyzed.
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Key Findings & Data:Detected congenital cardiac structural malformations were classified as complex, moderate, and mild according to perinatal mortality risk.
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Conclusion & Impact:Conclusion: Routine evaluation of the fetal heart by means of obstetric USG, including four chambers, outflow tracts’ and three vessel views, would allow for diagnosing congenital cardiac malformations to a large extent during the intrauterine period
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Objective: In the present study, for which reasons fetal cardiac evaluation was requested from our pediatric cardiology clinic, the effects of routine fetal cardiac evaluation in obstetric ultrasonography (USG) on the detection of congenital heart disease (CHD) and the distribution of intrauterine diagnosis of CHD according to pregnancy risk profiles were retrospectively analyzed. Materials and Methods: Fetal echocardiography reports which containing the nineteen-month period were retrospectively examined. We performed a fetal echocardiography for all pregnant women who were referred to pediatric cardiology clinic after detail obstetric USG screening. The pregnancies were categorized into two groups based on the risk of CHD: Low-risk and high-risk groups. Detected congenital cardiac structural malformations were classified as complex, moderate, and mild according to perinatal mortality risk. Results: Of the 736 pregnancies, 22 were twin, and fetal cardiac evaluation was performed in 758 fetuses. There were 341 (46.3%) pregnancies in the highrisk group and 395 (53.6%) pregnancies in the low-risk group. The most common reason for fetal cardiac evaluation request was inability to adequately visualize the fetal heart (36.1%), while suspected fetal cardiac abnormality was the second most common cause (21.3%). Number of fetuses detected with cardiac abnormalities was 80 (23.5%) among high-risk pregnancies, and 20 (5%) among low-risk pregnancies. The most common type of malformation was simple cardiac abnormalities (6%) followed by complex lesions (4.1%). The most common cardiac abnormality was ventricular septal defect comprised of 18 cases (2.4%) while the most common complex cardiac abnormality was pulmonary atresia (1.2%). The rate of consistency was 40.1% between obstetricians and pediatric cardiologist in terms of the diagnosis of the congenital cardiac malformations. Conclusion: Routine evaluation of the fetal heart by means of obstetric USG, including four chambers, outflow tracts’ and three vessel views, would allow for diagnosing congenital cardiac malformations to a large extent during the intrauterine period

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışmada pediatrik kardiyoloji kliniğimizden fetal kardiyak değerlendirmenin hangi nedenler ile talep edildiği, obstetrik ultrasonografide (USG) rutin fetal kardiyak değerlendirmenin konjenital kalp hastalıklarının (KKH) fetal ekokardiyografi ile tespitine etkisi ve intrauterine tanı koyulan KKH’nin gebelik risk profiline göre dağılımı retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: On dokuz aylık döneme ait fetal ekokardiyografi raporları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Fetal ekokardiyografik değerlendirme, ayrıntılı obstetrik USG taraması sonrasında pediatrik kardiyoloji kliniğine yönlendirilen tüm gebelere yapıldı. Gebeler KKH’li fetusa sahip olma risklerine göre düşük ve yüksek riskli olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. Tespit edilen konjenital kardiyak malformasyonlar perinatal mortalite riskine göre kompleks, orta ve hafif derece olmak üzere sınıflandırıldı. Bulgular: Toplam 736 gebenin 22 tanesi ikiz gebelik olup, 758 bebeğe fetal kardiyak değerlendirme yapıldı. Yüksek risk grubunda 341 (%46,3), düşük risk grubunda ise 395 (%53,6) gebelik mevcuttu. Fetal ekokardiyografik değerlendirme isteminin en sık nedeni fetal kalbin görüntülenmesinde yetersizlik (%36,1) olup, fetal kardiyak anormallik şüphesi ikinci en sık nedendi (%21,3). Kardiyak anomali saptanan fetus sayısı yüksek riskli gebelerde 80 (%23,5), düşük riskli gebelerde 20 (%5) idi. En yüksek oranda saptanan malformasyon tipi hafif kardiyak anomaliler olup (%6), kompleks lezyon saptanma oranı ikinci sıradaydı (%4,1). En sık saptanan kardiyak anomali ventriküler septal defekt 18 (%2,4) olup, en sık saptanan kompleks kardiyak anomali ise pulmoner atreziydi (%1,2). KKH’nin tanınması açısından obstetrisyen ve pediatrik kardiyoloji arasındaki uyum oranı %40,1 idi. Sonuç: Fetal kalbin dört boşluk, ventriküllerin çıkım yolları ve üç damar kesiti rutin kapsayacak şekilde obstetrik USG sırasında değerlendirilmesi, konjenital kardiyak malformasyonların intrauterin dönemde büyük oranda tanı almasına imkan sağlayabilir.

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Cite This Article

KOŞGER, P., KESKİN, T., KIZTANIR, H., UÇAR, B., VELİPAŞAOĞLU, M. (2022). Impact of the expanded examination of fetal heart to the prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart diseases. Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cilt: 17 - Sayı: 4, 61–67. https://ajindex.com/articles/612969

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