AI Summary & Key Takeaways
AI InsightOverall, the most frequently isolated pathogens from HAP episodes were Klebsiella pneumoniae (23%), Escherichia coli (21%), and Staphylococcus aureus (18%).
📌 3 Key Takeaways
Abstract
To determine the incidence, risk factors, etiology, and antibiotic susceptibility of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in nonintensive care units (non-ICU) and nonintubated adult patients. Materials and methods: A prospective surveillance study was performed from January 2006 through December 2007 in the medical and surgical wards of the İzmir Teaching and Research Hospital. Results: During the study period, data on 57,133 patients with a total of 413,515 patient-days were analyzed. A total of 106 HAP episodes occurred in 99 patients. The infection rate per 100 patients and per 1000 patient-days was found to be 0.2% and 0.3%, respectively. HAP episodes were detected mostly in medical wards (66%). The mean age of patients was 58.6 ± 15.9 and 73% of the patients were male. The most common intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors observed in patients with HAP, according to the first episode, were cardiovascular disease (47%), central nervous system disease (41%), malignancy (40%), hospitalization longer than 5 days (91%), antibiotic therapy (81%), previous endotracheal intubation (40%), nasogastric tubes (38%), and H2 receptor antagonist/antiacid (37%). Moreover, 109 microorganisms were isolated from 84% of HAP episodes. Overall, the most frequently isolated pathogens from HAP episodes were Klebsiella pneumoniae (23%), Escherichia coli (21%), and Staphylococcus aureus (18%). These were mostly multidrug-resistant. The crude mortality was found to be 25%. Conclusion: Surveillance of HAP in non-ICU and nonintubated adult patients provides valuable guidance for empirical antimicrobial therapy and infection control measures for some wards.
Özet
To determine the incidence, risk factors, etiology, and antibiotic susceptibility of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in nonintensive care units (non-ICU) and nonintubated adult patients. Materials and methods: A prospective surveillance study was performed from January 2006 through December 2007 in the medical and surgical wards of the İzmir Teaching and Research Hospital. Results: During the study period, data on 57,133 patients with a total of 413,515 patient-days were analyzed. A total of 106 HAP episodes occurred in 99 patients. The infection rate per 100 patients and per 1000 patient-days was found to be 0.2% and 0.3%, respectively. HAP episodes were detected mostly in medical wards (66%). The mean age of patients was 58.6 ± 15.9 and 73% of the patients were male. The most common intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors observed in patients with HAP, according to the first episode, were cardiovascular disease (47%), central nervous system disease (41%), malignancy (40%), hospitalization longer than 5 days (91%), antibiotic therapy (81%), previous endotracheal intubation (40%), nasogastric tubes (38%), and H2 receptor antagonist/antiacid (37%). Moreover, 109 microorganisms were isolated from 84% of HAP episodes. Overall, the most frequently isolated pathogens from HAP episodes were Klebsiella pneumoniae (23%), Escherichia coli (21%), and Staphylococcus aureus (18%). These were mostly multidrug-resistant. The crude mortality was found to be 25%. Conclusion: Surveillance of HAP in non-ICU and nonintubated adult patients provides valuable guidance for empirical antimicrobial therapy and infection control measures for some wards.