Journals / Turkish Journal of Hematology / 2022 / Cilt: 39 - Sayı: 2

Assessment of Bone Marrow Biopsy and Cytogenetic Findings in Patients with Multiple Myeloma

Multipl Myelomlu Hastalarda Kemik İliği Biyopsisi ve Sitogenetik Bulguların Değerlendirilmesi

Pages
109–116
Publication Date
2022-11-05
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

We believe that our study will contribute to the determination of BM biopsy and cytogenetic features of MM patients in our country.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant condition characterized by the accumulation of malignant plasma cells.
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Key Findings & Data:Although MM remains incurable, the survival of MM patients has improved considerably due to the application of autologous stem cell transplantation, novel agents, and advanced treatment strategies.
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Conclusion & Impact:We believe that our study will contribute to the determination of BM biopsy and cytogenetic features of MM patients in our country.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2015 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Objective: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant condition characterized by the accumulation of malignant plasma cells. Although MM remains incurable, the survival of MM patients has improved considerably due to the application of autologous stem cell transplantation, novel agents, and advanced treatment strategies. This study aimed to determine the cytogenetic characterization and bone marrow (BM) features of Turkish patients with MM. Materials and Methods: Eighty-five MM patients were admitted to Dokuz Eylül University Hospital in Turkey. BM samples of these MM patients were subjected to cytogenetic analyses at diagnosis and during therapy as a part of therapeutical and clinical evaluation. A complete cytogenetic study was performed using the G-banding technique. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis was performed using cytoplasmic immunoglobulin. The degree of BM fibrosis was determined using reticulin histochemical staining. We determined the percentage of BM plasma cells based on the extent of CD38 staining. Results: Eighty-five MM patients were retrospectively identified between 2015 and 2021. The median age was 63 (38-90) years. Of the 85 patients, 60 (70.6%) were male and 25 (29.4%) were female. Seventy-two (84.7%) cases had BM fibrosis at the time of diagnosis. The most common was grade 2 fibrosis, recorded in 35 cases (41.2%). About 72.9% of the patients showed more than 50% plasma cells. FISH analysis indicated the presence of abnormal chromosomes in 37% (32/85) of the patients. The most frequent abnormality was Immunoglobulin heavy-chain (IGH) translocation (21.3%). Conclusion: Subgroup analysis of IGH mutations is crucial in the identification of high-risk MM patients. We believe that our study will contribute to the determination of BM biopsy and cytogenetic features of MM patients in our country.

Özet

Amaç: Multipl myelom (MM), malign plazma hücrelerinin birikmesi ile karakterize malign bir durumdur. MM tam kür sağlamanan hastalık olmasa da, uygulanan otolog kök hücre nakli ve yeni ilaçlar ve yeni tedavi stratejileri nedeniyle MM hastalarının sağkalımı önemli ölçüde gelişmiştir. Bu çalışmada MM’li Türk hastalarda sitogenetik karakterizasyon ve kemik iliği (Kİ) özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Türkiye’deki Dokuz Eylül Üniversite Hastanesi’ndeki 85 MM hastasını kaydettik. Bu MM hastalarının kemik iliği örneklerinde, tedavi ve klinik değerlendirmenin bir parçası olarak tanı anında ve tedavi süresince sitogenetik analiz yapıldı. G-bantlama tekniği kullanılarak tam bir sitogenetik çalışma gerçekleştirildi. Fazlar arası Floresan in situ hibridizasyon (FISH) analizi, sitoplazmik immünoglobulin ile yapıldı. Kemik iliği fibrozunun derecesi, retikülinin histokimyasal boyası kullanılarak belirlendi. Kİ plazma hücrelerinin yüzdesi, CD38 boyamasınına göre belirlendi. Bulgular: 2015 ve 2021 yılları arasında geriye dönük olarak 85 MM hastası belirlendi. Ortanca yaş 63 (38-90) yıldı. Seksen beş hastanın 60’ı (%70,6) erkek, 25’i (%29,4) kadındı. Tanı anında kemik iliği fibrozu 72 olguda (%84,7) mevcuttu. En sık 35 hastada (%41,2) derece 2 fibrozis görüldü. Hastaların %72,9’unda plazma hücre yüzdeleri %50’den fazlaydı. FISH analizi sonuçlarında kromozom anomalilerinin varlığı %37 (32/85) oranındadır. En sık kromozom görülen anormallik IGH translokasyonuydu (%21,3). Sonuç: IGH mutasyonlarının alt grup analizi, yüksek riskli MM hastalarının belirlenmesinde kritik öneme sahiptir. Çalışmamızın ülkemizdeki MM hastalarının Kİ biyopsisi ve sitogenetik özelliklerinin belirlenmesine katkı sağlayacağına inanıyoruz.

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Cite This Article

ÖZKAN, S., ALTUNGÖZ, O., YÜCE, Z., ŞEYHANLI, A., AKŞİT, Z., ALACACIOĞLU, İ., DEMİRKAN, F., ÖZSAN, G. H., YAVUZ, B. (2022). Assessment of Bone Marrow Biopsy and Cytogenetic Findings in Patients with Multiple Myeloma. Turkish Journal of Hematology, Cilt: 39 - Sayı: 2, 109–116. https://ajindex.com/articles/606515

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