Journals / Turkish Journal of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation / 2018 / Cilt: 46 - Sayı: 5

Hashimoto Encephalopathy

Haşimato Ensefalopatisi

Pages
402–405
Publication Date
2022-10-18
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

By reporting this case, we aimed to stress that HE shouldbe considered as an aetiology of encephalopathy when infectious,neoplastic, autoimmune, toxic and metabolic causes are excluded.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Hashimoto encephalopathy (HE) is a steroid-responsive, acute orsubacute encephalopathy, characterised by autoimmune thyroiditisassociated with elevated antithyroid antibody titres.
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Key Findings & Data:An 11-year-oldgirl was admitted to the Department of Paediatrics with generalisedtonic-clonic seizures, left facial paralysis and right hemiparesis.Ceftriaxone and acyclovir were applied, and methyl prednisolone 2mg kg−1 day−1 was administered orally.
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Conclusion & Impact:By reporting this case, we aimed to stress that HE shouldbe considered as an aetiology of encephalopathy when infectious,neoplastic, autoimmune, toxic and metabolic causes are excluded.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Hashimoto encephalopathy (HE) is a steroid-responsive, acute orsubacute encephalopathy, characterised by autoimmune thyroiditisassociated with elevated antithyroid antibody titres. An 11-year-oldgirl was admitted to the Department of Paediatrics with generalisedtonic-clonic seizures, left facial paralysis and right hemiparesis.Ceftriaxone and acyclovir were applied, and methyl prednisolone 2mg kg−1 day−1 was administered orally. The hemiparesis improvedon the 3rd day of treatment, but the facial paralysis persisted intothe 15th day. When she developed somnolence, she was transferredto the paediatric intensive care unit and provided with respiratorysupport after intubation. Antithyroid peroxidase (Anti-TPO) andAntithyroglobulin antibody (Anti-Tg) levels were measured at 112.3IU mL−1 and 74.6 IU mL−1, respectively. HE was considered as theprovisional diagnosis, for which intravenous methyl prednisolone 30mg kg−1 for 5 days followed by prednisolone 1.5 mg kg−1 day−1 wereadministered. The patient’s clinical status did not improve; therefore,she underwent therapeutic plasma exchange (1/1 ratio) for 8days, followed by intravenous immunoglobulin 1 gr kg−1 for 2 days.As her clinical condition did not improve, rituximab and endoxanetreatments were planned. Unfortunately, these treatments werepostponed as she developed ventilator-associated pneumonia at thefollow-up. She developed septic shock on the 14th day of follow-up,and noradrenaline and dopamine infusions were commenced. Despiteall the efforts, she remained unresponsive and died from cardiacarrest. By reporting this case, we aimed to stress that HE shouldbe considered as an aetiology of encephalopathy when infectious,neoplastic, autoimmune, toxic and metabolic causes are excluded.

Özet

Haşimato ensefalopatisi, antitiroid antikorların yüksekliği ile ilişkili otoimmün tiroidit ile karakterize, steroide yanıtlı akut ya da subakut ensefalopatidir. On bir yaşında kız hasta, ani gelişen jeneralize tonik klonik nöbet, sol fasial paralizi ve sağ hemiparezi nedeniyle pediyatri servisine yatırıldı. Seftriakson ve asiklovir tedavileri başlandı. Metil prednizolon 2 mg kg-1 peroral verildi. Tedavinin 3. gününde sağ hemiparezi düzeldi, 15. gününde fasyal paralizisi devam eden hastanın uykuya meyilli olduğu gözlendi, kliniği saatler içerisinde bozuldu. Hasta çocuk yoğun bakım ünitesine transfer edildi, entübe edilerek mekanik ventilatör ile solunum desteği verildi. Anti tiroidperoksidaz (anti-TPO): 112,3 IU mL-1, Antitiroglobülin (Anti-Tg): 74,6 IU mL-1 saptandı. Bu bulgularla hastada Haşimato ensefalopatisi düşünüldü, 30 mg kg-1 metil prednizolon tedavisi başlandı ve 5 gün uygulandı, ardından 1,5 mg kg-1 gün-1 prednizolon tedavisine geçildi. Kliniğinde düzelme gözlenmeyen hastaya 8 gün terapotik plazma değişimi (1/1 oranında) yapıldı ardından 2 gün 1 gr kg-1 intravenöz immünglobülin (IVIG) verildi. Kliniğinde düzelme gözlenmedi, Rituksimab ve endoksan tedavilerinin verilmesi planlandı. Ancak izleminde ventilatör ilişkili pnömoni gelişti, Rituksimab ve endoksan tedavileri ertelendi.İzleminin 14. gününde septik şok gelişen hastada noradrenalin ve dopamin infüzyonuna başlandı, ardiak arrest gelişen hasta kaybedildi. Bu olgu ile ensefalopati etiyolojisi araştırılırken enfeksiyon, tümör, otoimmun, toksik ve metabolik nedenlerin saptanamadığı durumlarda Haşimato ensefalopatisinin hatırlanması gerektiğini vurgulamak istedik.

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Cite This Article

KALIN, S., ERDOĞAN, S. (2022). Hashimoto Encephalopathy. Turkish Journal of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Cilt: 46 - Sayı: 5, 402–405. https://ajindex.com/articles/600030

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