Journals / Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni / 2022 / Cilt: 56 - Sayı: 2

Treatment with Intravenous Acyclovir Desensitization for SevereAcyclovir Allergy: A Case of Herpes Encephalitis

Ciddi Asiklovir Alerjisinde İntravenöz Asiklovir Desensitizasyon Tedavisi: Herpes Ensefaliti Olgusu

Pages
371–376
Publication Date
2022-10-17
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Our case is the first adult case in the literature to be treated with intravenous acyclovir desensitization.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a sporadic viral encephalitis agent that causes high mortality and morbidity, accompanied by neurological dysfunction findings.
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Key Findings & Data:A case of HSV-1 encephalitis who had no treatment option other than intravenous acyclovir and was successfully treated with intravenous desensitization was presented in this report.
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Conclusion & Impact:Our case is the first adult case in the literature to be treated with intravenous acyclovir desensitization.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a sporadic viral encephalitis agent that causes high mortality and morbidity, accompanied by neurological dysfunction findings. Acyclovir is the only antiviral treatment option that should be initiated in all patients with suspected encephalitis as soon as possible. Acyclovir is rarely possible to cause allergic reactions. It may occur in a wide range from generalized cutaneous rash to Stevens-Johnson syndrome. A case of HSV-1 encephalitis who had no treatment option other than intravenous acyclovir and was successfully treated with intravenous desensitization was presented in this report. A 59-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency department with complaints of high fever and altered consciousness. Diagnostic lumbar puncture was performed and intravenous acyclovir treatment was initiated empirically with the preliminary diagnosis of encephalitis. On the third day of the treatment, HSV type 1 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was detected as positive. Acyclovir treatment was discontinued due to the development of a severe allergic reaction on the fifth day of acyclovir treatment. Allergic symptoms of the patient regressed with discontinuation of acyclovir treatment and application of concomitant methylprednisolone treatment. The intravenous acyclovir desensitization protocol was applied to the patient, and the patient was successfully treated. In this case, it has been shown that intravenous acyclovir desensitization can be applied in the treatment of life-threatening infections with no treatment options other than intravenous acyclovir. Our case is the first adult case in the literature to be treated with intravenous acyclovir desensitization.

Özet

Herpes simpleks virüsü (HSV), nörolojik disfonksiyon bulgularının eşlik ettiği, yüksek mortalite ve morbiditeye neden olan sporadik viral ensefalit etkenidir. Asiklovir, ensefalit şüphesi olan tüm hastalarda en kısa sürede başlanması gereken tek antiviral tedavi seçeneğidir. Asiklovir, nadiren, yaygın deri döküntülerinden Stevens-Johnson sendromuna kadar geniş bir yelpazede ortaya çıkabilen alerjik reaksiyonlara neden olabilmektedir. Bu raporda, intravenöz asiklovir dışında başka tedavi seçeneği olmayan ve intravenöz desensitizasyon ile başarılı bir şekilde tedavi edilen bir HSV-1 ensefalit olgusu sunulmuştur. Elli dokuz yaşında erkek hasta, yüksek ateş ve bilinç değişikliği şikayetleri ile acil servise başvurmuş, tanısal amaçlı lomber ponksiyon yapıldıktan sonra ensefalit ön tanısı ile ampirik olarak intravenöz asiklovir tedavisi başlanmıştır. Tedavisinin üçüncü gününde HSV tip 1 polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR) pozitif saptanan hastanın, beşinci gününde şiddetli alerjik reaksiyon gelişmesi üzerine asiklovir tedavisi kesilmiştir. Asiklovir tedavisi sonlandırılan ve eş zamanlı metilprednizolon tedavisi başlanan hastanın alerjik semptomları gerilemiştir. Oluşturulan intravenöz asiklovir desensitizasyon protokolü hastaya uygulanarak, hasta başarılı bir şekilde tedavi edilmiştir. Bu olgu ile intravenöz asiklovir dışında herhangi bir tedavi seçeneği olmayan, hayatı tehdit eden tedavisinde intravenöz asiklovir desensitizasyonunun uygulanabileceği gösterilmiştir. Bu raporda literatürde intravenöz asiklovir desensitizasyonu ile tedavi edilen ilk erişkin olgu sunulmuştur.

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Cite This Article

ÖZDEN, G., GÜLEN, T. A., TURUNÇ, T. (2022). Treatment with Intravenous Acyclovir Desensitization for SevereAcyclovir Allergy: A Case of Herpes Encephalitis. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni, Cilt: 56 - Sayı: 2, 371–376. https://ajindex.com/articles/580445

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