Journals / İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi / 2014 / Cilt: 5 - Sayı: 2

Iustitium Institution of Roman Law as Paradigmatic Form of State of Exception

Roma Hukukunda İstisna Halinin Paradigmatik Biçimi Iustitium Kurumu

Pages
259–282
Publication Date
2022-10-18
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Iustitium which is one of the reanimated institutions of wakining Roman law with the ending of Middle Age, took its place among modern state theories in the name of state of exception

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Iustitium as a legal institution of ancient Rome means the suspension of the law in the period of Roman Republic.
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Key Findings & Data:In case of chaos, according to senatus consultum ultimum, which is taken by the senate, iustitium is declared; one of the consules is appointed as a dictator and he defends the Republic.
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Conclusion & Impact:Iustitium which is one of the reanimated institutions of wakining Roman law with the ending of Middle Age, took its place among modern state theories in the name of state of exception
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Iustitium · İstisna hali · Olağanüstü hal

Abstract

Iustitium as a legal institution of ancient Rome means the suspension of the law in the period of Roman Republic. In case of chaos, according to senatus consultum ultimum, which is taken by the senate, iustitium is declared; one of the consules is appointed as a dictator and he defends the Republic. All state functions are suspended as transactions, actions and decisions occured in this circumstances are accepted beyond the law. In the period of Imperium, iustitium loses its meaning in the term of Republic; when the imperor or one of his family dies, public mourning is wailed and state functions are suspended. Iustitium which is one of the reanimated institutions of wakining Roman law with the ending of Middle Age, took its place among modern state theories in the name of state of exception

Özet

Eski Roma'nın hukuki kurumlarından biri olan iustitium, ortaya çıktığı cumhuriyet döneminde hukukun askıya alınmasını ifade eder. Rejimin tehlikeye girmesi halinde, senatonun aldığı senatus consultum ultimum'a göre ilan ettiği iustitium halinde, genelde consul'lerden birine verilen dictator'luk imperium'u ile devletin bu tehlikeden kurtarılması sağlanır. Bu çerçevede gerçekleşen işlem, eylem ve kararlar hukukun ötesinde kabul edildiğinden, yargılama da dahil her türlü devlet faaliyeti askıya alınmıştır. İmparatorluk döneminde iustitium, cumhuriyetteki anlamını yitirir; imparator ya da ailesinden birinin ölümü halinde devlet organların faaliyetlerine ara verdikleri kamusal matem halini alır. Ortaçağın sona ermesiyle uyanan Roma hukukuyla birlikte tekrar canlanan kurumlardan biri olarak iustitium, modern devlet teorileri arasında istisna hali adıyla tekrar yer bulmuştur

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Cite This Article

KÜÇÜK, E., SAYGILI, A. (2022). Iustitium Institution of Roman Law as Paradigmatic Form of State of Exception. İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 5 - Sayı: 2, 259–282. https://ajindex.com/articles/548007

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