Journals / International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications in Engineering / 2022 / Cilt: 10 - Sayı: 1

Solving Arithmetic Word Problems Using Natural Language Processing and Rule-Based Classification

Pages
87–97
Publication Date
2022-10-18
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The work proposed here performs well compared to most similar systems based on the standard SingleOp dataset, achieving an accuracy of 93.02%.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:In today's world, intelligent tutoring systems (ITS), computer-based training (CBT), etc. are rapidly gaining popularity in both educational and professional fields, and an automatic solver for mathematical word problems is one of the most important subfields of ITS.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Automatic solving of mathematical word problems is a challenging research problem in the fields of artificial intelligence (AI) and its subfields like natural language processing (NLP), machine learning (ML), etc., since understanding and extracting relevant information from an unstructured text requires a lot of logical skills.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The work proposed here performs well compared to most similar systems based on the standard SingleOp dataset, achieving an accuracy of 93.02%.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

In today's world, intelligent tutoring systems (ITS), computer-based training (CBT), etc. are rapidly gaining popularity in both educational and professional fields, and an automatic solver for mathematical word problems is one of the most important subfields of ITS. Automatic solving of mathematical word problems is a challenging research problem in the fields of artificial intelligence (AI) and its subfields like natural language processing (NLP), machine learning (ML), etc., since understanding and extracting relevant information from an unstructured text requires a lot of logical skills. To date, much research has been done in this area, focusing on solving each type of mathematical word problem, such as arithmetic word problems, algebraic word problems, geometric word problems, trigonometric word problems, etc. In this paper, we present an approach to automatically solve arithmetic word problems. We use a rulebased approach to classify word problems. We propose various rules to establish the relationships and dependencies among different key elements and classify the word problems into four categories (Change, Combine, Compare, and Division-Multiplication) and their subcategories to identify the desired operation among+, -, *, and /. However, it is limited to solving only word problems with a single operation and a single equation word problem. Irrelevant information is also filtered out from the input problem texts, based on manually created rules to extract relevant quantities. Later, an equation is formed with the relevant quantities and the predicted operation to obtain the final answer. The work proposed here performs well compared to most similar systems based on the standard SingleOp dataset, achieving an accuracy of 93.02%.

🔖

Cite This Article

ACHARYA, S., MANDAL, S., BASAK, R. (2022). Solving Arithmetic Word Problems Using Natural Language Processing and Rule-Based Classification. International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications in Engineering, Cilt: 10 - Sayı: 1, 87–97. https://ajindex.com/articles/541256

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (9)

  1. L. Verschaffel, B. Greer, and E. De Corte. Making sense of word problems. Leiden, Netherlands: Lisse Swets and Zeitlinger, 2000, doi:10.1023/A:1004190927303
  2. S. Roy and D. Roth. Solving general arithmetic word problems. in Proc. 2015 Conf. Empirical Methods Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), Lisbon, Portugal, Sep. 17–21, 2015, pp. 1743-1752, doi:10.18653/v1/D15-1202
  3. M. J. Nathan. Knowledge and situational feedback in a learning environment for algebra story problem solving. Interactive Learn. Environ. vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 135–159, 1998, doi:10.1080/1049482980050110
  4. D. Arnau, M. Arevalillo-Herr´aez, L. Puig, and J. A. Gonz´alez- Calero. Fundamentals design and the operation of an intelligent tutoring system for the learning of the arithmetical and algebraic way of solving word problems. Comput. & Educ. vol. 63, pp. 119– 130, Apr. 2013, doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2012.11.020 [5] D. Arnau, M. Arevalillo-Herr´aez, and J. A. Gonz´alez-Calero. Emulating human supervision in an intelligent tutoring system for arithmetical problem solving. IEEE Trans. Learn. Technol. vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 155–164, Apr./Jun. 2014, doi: [6] C. R. Beal. Animalwatch: An intelligent tutoring system for algebra readiness. in Int. Handbook Metacognition Learn. Technologies. Springer, Mar. 2013, pp. 337–348, doi:10.1007/978- 1-4419-5546-3 22
  5. M. S. Riley, J. G. Greeno, and J. I. Heller. Development of children’s problem-solving ability in arithmetic. Univ. of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Tech. Rep. LRDC-1984/37, 1984. [Online]. Available:
  6. C. R. Fletcher. Understanding and solving arithmetic word problems: A computer simulation. Behav. Res. Methods, Instrum., & Comput. vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 565–571, Sep. 1985, doi:10.3758/BF03207654
  7. A. Mitra and C. Baral. Learning to use formulas to solve simple arithmetic problems. in Proc. 54th Annu. Meeting Association Computational Linguistics (ACL), Berlin, Germany, Aug. 7–12, 2016, pp. 2144–2153, doi: 10.18653/v1/P16-1202
  8. S. Mandal and S. K. Naskar. Classifying and Solving Arithmetic Math Word Problems—An Intelligent Math Solver. in IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies. vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 28-41, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1109/TLT.2021.3057805
  9. T. P. Carpenter, J. Hiebert, and J. M. Moser. Problem structure and first-grade children’s initial solution processes for simple addition and subtraction problems. J. Res. Math. Educ., pp. 27–39, Jan. 1981, doi:10.5951/jresemathe