Journals / Haseki Tıp Bülteni / 2020 / Cilt: 58 - Sayı: 1

Factors Associated with Insufficient Endometrial Sampling in Postmenopausal Women

Postmenopozal Kadınlarda Yetersiz Endometrial Biyopsi Sonucu ile İlişkili Faktörler

Pages
65–71
Publication Date
2022-10-17
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

An insufficient endometrial sample does not rule out endometrial carcinoma, therefore, a further histopathological examination is recommended.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Aim: To assess the risk factors associated with high rate of insufficient endometrial sampling on endometrial biopsy in postmenopausal women.Methods: Data were retrieved from the records of 522 consecutive patients who underwent endometrial sampling.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The exclusion criteria included patient refusal, uncertain menopausal status, cervical carcinoma detected after sampling and unavailable records.Results: The sample was insufficient for a definitive diagnosis in 143 (25.9%) patients.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:An insufficient endometrial sample does not rule out endometrial carcinoma, therefore, a further histopathological examination is recommended.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Aim: To assess the risk factors associated with high rate of insufficient endometrial sampling on endometrial biopsy in postmenopausal women.Methods: Data were retrieved from the records of 522 consecutive patients who underwent endometrial sampling. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine various factors associated with scanty endometrial biopsy. The exclusion criteria included patient refusal, uncertain menopausal status, cervical carcinoma detected after sampling and unavailable records.Results: The sample was insufficient for a definitive diagnosis in 143 (25.9%) patients. Out of these, 53 cases were investigated with invasive procedures. Further histopathological examination revealed that five (9.4%) patients had uterine malignancy. Based on the multivariate analysis, time since the onset of menopause [Odds ratio (OR)=1.044, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.000-1.090, p=0.049] was significantly associated with insufficient endometrial biopsy in cases with a endometrial thickness of >12 mm on ultrasonography (OR=0.624, 95% CI=0.472-0.824, p=0.001). The use of dilation and curettage technique (OR=0.662, 95% CI=0.522-0.841, p=0.001) decreased the risk of insufficient sampling on endometrial biopsy.Conclusion: Time since the onset of menopause and the thickness of endometrium were significant independent factors associated with insufficient sample. Using Karman cannula for endometrial aspiration may not be a reliable method in the evaluation of postmenopausal women. An insufficient endometrial sample does not rule out endometrial carcinoma, therefore, a further histopathological examination is recommended.

Özet

Amaç: Postmenopozal kadınlarda endometrial biyopsi patoloji sonucunun yetersiz doku olarak saptanması ile ilişkili risk faktörlerini değerlendirmektir. Yöntemler: Endometrial örnekleme yapılan ardışık 552 hastanın kayıtları incelenerek veriler toplandı. Endometrial örneklemenin yetersizliğine ilişkin faktörleri belirlemek için lojistik regresyon analizleri yapıldı. Hastanın onayının olmaması, belirsiz menapozal durum, örnekleme sonrası serviks kanseri saptanması ve hastanın kayıtlarına ulaşamama dışlanma kriterleri olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: Endometrial örneklem 143 (%25,9) hastada kesin tanı için yeterli değildi. Bu vakaların 53’üne invaziv işlem uygulandı. Ek histopatolojik inceleme sonucunda beş (%9,4) hastada uterus malignitesi saptandı. Multivariate analiz sonucunda, yetersiz endometrial biyopsi sonuçları ile menopoz başlangıcından itibaren geçen süre (OR=1,044, % 95 CI=1,000-1,090, p=0,049) arasında anlamlı ilişki saptandı. Ultrasonografide endometrial kalınlığın >12 mm olması (OR=0,624, %95 CI=0,472-0,824, p=0,001), dilatasyon ve kürtaj tekniğinin uygulanması (OR=0,662, %95 CI=0,522-0.841, p=0,001) endometrial biyopside yetersiz örnek saptanma riskini azalttığı gösterildi. Sonuç: Menopoz başlangıcından bu yana geçen süre ve endometrium kalınlığı, yetersiz örneklem ile ilişkili önemli bağımsız faktörlerdir. Endometrial aspirasyon için Karman kanülünün kullanımı, postmenapozal kadınların değerlendirilmesinde güvenilir bir teknik olmayabilir. Yetersiz endometrial örnek endometrial karsinomu ekarte ettirmez, bu nedenle ek bir histopatolojik inceleme önerilir.

🔖

Cite This Article

ATEŞ, S., KARASU, A. F. G., ÇALI, H., SOYMAN, Z., UYSAL, Ö. (2022). Factors Associated with Insufficient Endometrial Sampling in Postmenopausal Women. Haseki Tıp Bülteni, Cilt: 58 - Sayı: 1, 65–71. https://ajindex.com/articles/535047

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (13)

  1. Murali R, Soslow RA, Weigelt B. Classification of endometrial carcinoma: more than two types. Lancet Oncol 2014;15:e268-78. Siegel R, Ward E, Brawley O, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2011: the impact of eliminating socioeconomic and racial disparities on premature cancer deaths. CA Cancer. J Clin 2011;61:212-36.
  2. Seebacher V, Schmid M, Polterauer S, et al. The presence of postmenopausal bleeding as prognostic parameter in patients with endometrial cancer: a retrospective multi-center study. BMC Cancer 2009;9:460. Goldstein SR. The role of transvaginal ultrasound or endometrial biopsy in the evaluation of the menopausal endometrium. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2009;201:5-11.
  3. Osmers RG, Osmers M, Kuhn W. Prognostic value of transvaginal sonography in asymptomatic endometrial cancers. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1995;6:103-7.
  4. Tabata T, Yamawaki T, Ida M, Nishimura K, Nose Y, Yabana T. Clinical value of dilatation and curettage for abnormal uterine bleeding. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2001;264:174-6.
  5. Du J, Li Y, Lv S, et al. Endometrial sampling devices for early diagnosis of endometrial lesions. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016;142:2515-22.
  6. Dreisler E, Poulsen LG, Antonsen SL, et al; European Menopause and Andropause Society. EMAS clinical guide: assessment of the endometrium in peri and postmenopausal women. Maturitas 2013;75:181-90.
  7. Tansathit T, Chichareon S, Tocharoenvanich S, Dechsukhum C. Diagnostic evaluation of Karman endometrial aspiration in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2005;31:480-5.
  8. Sheikh MA, Althouse AD, Freese KE, et al. USA endometrial cancer projections to 2030: should we be concerned? Future Oncol 2014;10:2561-8.
  9. Van Doorn HC, Opmeer BC, Burger CW, Duk MJ, Kooi GS, Mol BW; Dutch Study in Postmenopausal Bleeding (DUPOMEB). Inadequate office endometrial sample requires further evaluation in women with postmenopausal bleeding and abnormal ultrasound results. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2007;99:100-4.
  10. Gredmark T, Kvint S, Havel G, Mattsson LA. Histopathological findings in women with postmenopausal bleeding. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1995;102:133-6.
  11. Horn LC, Meinel A, Handzel R, Einenkel J. Histopathology of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma: an update. Ann Diagn Pathol 2007;11:297-311.
  12. Farrell T, Jones N, Owen P, Baird A. The significance of an ‘insufficient’ Pipelle sample in the investigation of post-menopausal bleeding. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1999;78:810-2.
  13. Visser NC, Breijer MC, Herman MC, et al. Factors attributing to the