Journals / Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences / 2022 / Cilt: 38 - Sayı: 1

Determination of Salmonella spp. presence and antibiotic resistance in egg and egg products

Yumurta ve Ürünlerinde Salmonella spp. varlığı ve antibiyotik dirençliliğinin belirlenmesi

Pages
24–31
Publication Date
2022-10-18
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The results showed that 11/11 (100%) of Salmonella spp. from three sample showed multi-drug resistance against three or more antibiotic agents.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Salmonella spp. in egg and egg products and to determine antibiotic resistance profiles and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of isolates.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Materials and Methods: A total of 200 samples including 100 eggs (35 village eggs, 35 conventional eggs and 30 organic eggs) and 100 egg products (30 egg powders, 70 pasteurized liquid eggs) were collected from Samsun, Turkey.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The results showed that 11/11 (100%) of Salmonella spp. from three sample showed multi-drug resistance against three or more antibiotic agents.
🔬Design:Lab & Field Experiment
📍Scope:200 samples
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Salmonella spp. in egg and egg products and to determine antibiotic resistance profiles and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of isolates. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 samples including 100 eggs (35 village eggs, 35 conventional eggs and 30 organic eggs) and 100 egg products (30 egg powders, 70 pasteurized liquid eggs) were collected from Samsun, Turkey. Eggshell and egg contents samples were processed separately by pooling three eggs together. The isolation and identification of Salmonella spp. was done according to the method proposed by ISO 6579. The antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella spp. isolates to various antibiotics and MIC values was performed by VITEK 2 compact system using VITEK 2 AST-GN38 cards. Results: Salmonella spp. were found in two of 100 (2%) eggs (organic egg contents) and one of 100 (1%) egg products (pasteurized liquid egg). A total of 11 isolates were confirmed by PCR techniques as Salmonella spp. with the presence of oriC gene. The highest resistance was against amikacin, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, cephalexin (100%), followed by nitrofurantoin (81.8%), tetracycline (63.6%), ampicillin (54.5%), piperacillin (54.5%), cefpodoxime (54.5%), and imipenem (9.09%). However, there was no resistance to amoxicillin, marbofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The results showed that 11/11 (100%) of Salmonella spp. from three sample showed multi-drug resistance against three or more antibiotic agents. Conclusion: It is recommended to implement good hygiene practices, good production practices and pasteurization techniques to minimize the risk of Salmonellosis due to the consumption of eggs and egg products.

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, yumurta ve yumurta ürünlerinde Salmonella spp varlığını belirlemek ve elde edilen izolatların antibiyotik direnç profilleri ve minimum inhibitör konsantrasyon (MİK) değerlerini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada 100 yumurta (35 köy yumurtası, 35 konvansiyonel yumurta ve 30 organik yumurta) ve 100 yumurta ürünü (30 yumurta tozu, 70 pastörize sıvı yumurta) olmak üzere toplam 200 numune Samsun, Türkiye’den toplandı. Yumurta kabuğu ve yumurta içi örnekleri üç yumurta bir araya getirilecek ayrı ayrı analiz edidi. Salmonella spp. izolasyon ve identifikasyonu ISO 6579 tarafından önerilen yönteme göre yapıldı. Elde edilen Salmonella spp. izolatlarının çeşitli antibiyotiklere karşı antimikrobiyal duyarlılığı ve MİK değerleri VITEK 2 AST-GN38 kartları kullanılarak VITEK 2 kompakt sistemi ile gerçekleştirildi. Bulgular: İncelenen 100 yumurtanın (organik yumurta içi) ikisinde (%2) ve 100 yumurta ürününün (pastörize likit yumurta) birinde (%1) Salmonella spp. pozitif bulundu. Toplam 11 izolat oriC geninin varlığı yönünden PCR tekniğiyle Salmonella spp. olarak doğrulandı. Antibiyotik direnç testleri sonucunda en yüksek direnç amikasin, enrofloksasin, gentamisin, tobramisin, sefaleksine (%100), ardından nitrofurantoin (%81,8), tetrasiklin (%63.6), ampisilin (%54,5), piperasilin (%54,5), sefpodoksim (%54,5), ve imipeneme (%9,09) karşı bulundu. Bununla birlikte amoksisilin, marbofloksasin ve trimetoprim/ sülfametoksazole karşı direnç tespit edilemedi. Sonuçta üç numuneden elde edilen 11 Salmonella spp. izolatının 11’inin (11/11, %100) üç veya daha fazla antimikrobiyal ajana karşı çoklu direnç gösterdiği görüldü. Öneri: Yumurta ve yumurta ürünlerinin tüketimine bağlı Salmonelloz riskini en aza indirmek için iyi hijyen uygulamaları, iyi üretim uygulamaları ve pastörizasyon tekniklerinin uygulanması önerilmektedir.

🔖

Cite This Article

GÜLEL, G. T., KESKİNOĞLU, H. (2022). Determination of Salmonella spp. presence and antibiotic resistance in egg and egg products. Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences, Cilt: 38 - Sayı: 1, 24–31. https://ajindex.com/articles/509739

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (9)

  1. Andino A, Hanning I, 2015. Salmonella enterica: survival, colonization, and virulence differences among serovars. Sci World J, 2015 (520179), 1-16.
  2. Asgar A, Abbas M, 2012. Dried egg powder utilization, a new frontier in bakery products. Agr Biol J N Am, 3(12), 493- 505. Bichler LA, Kabambi V, Nagaraja DVM, Halvorson DA, 1996. Salmonella Enteritidis in eggs, cloacal swab specimens, and internal organs of experimentally infected white leghorn chickens. Am J Vet Res 57, 489-495. Birkegård AC, Græsbøll K, Clasen J, Halasa T, et al., 2019. Continuing occurrence of vancomycin resistance determinants in Danish pig farms 20 years after removing exposure to avoparcin. Vet Microbiol, 232, 84-88. Board RG, 2000.
  3. Eggs and egg products, In: The Microbiological Safety and Quality of Food, Eds; Lund BM, Baird-Parker TC, Gould GW, first edition, Aspen Publishers Inc., Maryland, USA, pp; 590-619.
  4. Cardoso MJ, Nicolau AI, Borda D, Nielsen L, et al., 2021. Salmonella in eggs: From shopping to consumption-A review providing an evidence-based analysis of risk factors. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf, 20(3), 2716-2741. CDC, 2021. Snapshots of Salmonella serotypes. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessible at: https:// www.cdc.gov/salmonella/reportspubs/salmonella-atlas/ serotype-snapshots.html. Accessed on July 10, 2021. CLSI, 2021. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. M100-E31, 31st ed. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, PA. De Knegt LV, Pires SM, Hald T, 2015. Attributing foodborne salmonellosis in humans to animal reservoirs in the European Union using a multi-country stochastic model. Epidemiol Infect, 143(6),1175-1186.
  5. Diaz-Sanchez S, Moscoso S, Solís de los Santos F, Andino A, et al., 2015. Antibiotic use in poultry: A driving force for organic poultry production. Food Prot Trends, 35(6), 440–447.
  6. Dogruer Y, Telli N, Telli AE, Kahraman HA, et al., 2015. Comparison of pasteurized liquid egg with shell eggs in terms of some quality characteristics. Eurasian J Vet Sci, 31(3), 177-183.
  7. Gantois I, Ducatelle R, Pasmans F, Haesebrouck F, et al., 2009. Mechanisms of egg contamination by Salmonella Enteritidis. FEMS Microbiol Rev, 33(4), 718-738.
  8. Goetting V, Lee KA, Tell LA, 2011. Pharmacokinetics of veterinary drugs in laying hens and residues in eggs: A review of the literature. J Vet Pharmacol Therap, 34(6), 521-556.
  9. Guard-Petter J, Henzler DJ, Rahman MM, Carlson RW, 1997. On-farm monitoring of mouse-invasive Salmonella enteri