Journals / Eurasian Journal of Medicine / 2016 / Cilt: 48 - Sayı: 2

Once the Light Touch to the Brain: Cytotoxic Effects of Low-Dose Gamma-Ray, Laser Light, and Visible Light on Rat Neuronal Cell Culture

Işık Bir Kez Beyne Değmeye Görsün: Sıçan Nöronal Hücre Kültürü Üzerinde Düşük Doz Gama-Işını, Lazer Işığı ve Görünür Işığın Sitotoksik Etkileri

Pages
76–83
Publication Date
2022-10-18
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The level of oxidative stress markers significantly changed with gamma-ray.Conclusion: In conclusion, while low dose gamma-ray has slight to moderate apoptotic effect in neuronal cell cultures by oxidative stress, long-term visible light induces remarkable apoptosis and cell death.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effects of gamma-ray, laser light, and visible light, which neurons are commonly exposed to during treatment of various cranial diseases, on the viability of neurons.Materials and Methods: Neuronal cell culture was prepared from the frontal cortex of 9 newborn rats.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Cultured cells were irradiated with gamma-ray for 1-10 min by 152Eu, 241Am, and 132Ba isotopes, visible light for 1-160 min, and laser light for 0.2-2 seconds.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The level of oxidative stress markers significantly changed with gamma-ray.Conclusion: In conclusion, while low dose gamma-ray has slight to moderate apoptotic effect in neuronal cell cultures by oxidative stress, long-term visible light induces remarkable apoptosis and cell death.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effects of gamma-ray, laser light, and visible light, which neurons are commonly exposed to during treatment of various cranial diseases, on the viability of neurons.Materials and Methods: Neuronal cell culture was prepared from the frontal cortex of 9 newborn rats. Cultured cells were irradiated with gamma-ray for 1-10 min by 152Eu, 241Am, and 132Ba isotopes, visible light for 1-160 min, and laser light for 0.2-2 seconds. The MTT tetrazolium reduction assay was used to assess the number of viable cells in the neuronal cell cultures. Wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer was used to determine Na, K, and Ca levels in cellular fluid obtained from neuronal cell culture plaques.Results: Under low-dose radiation with 152Eu, 241Am, and 132Ba isotopes, cell viability insignificantly decreased with time (p>0.05). On the other hand, exposure to visible light produced statistically significant decrease in cell viability at both short- (1-10 min) and long-term (20-160 min). Cell viability did not change with 2 seconds of laser exposure. Na, K, and Ca levels significantly decreased with gamma-ray and visible light. The level of oxidative stress markers significantly changed with gamma-ray.Conclusion: In conclusion, while low dose gamma-ray has slight to moderate apoptotic effect in neuronal cell cultures by oxidative stress, long-term visible light induces remarkable apoptosis and cell death. Laser light has no significant effect on neurons. Further genetic studies are needed to clarify the chronic effect of visible light on neuronal development and functions.

Özet

Amaç: Amacımız, çeşitli kranial hastalıkların tedavisi esnasında nöronların sıklıkla maruz kaldığı gama ışını, laser ışığı ve görünür ışığın etkilerinin değerlendirilmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Nöronal hücre kültürü 9 yeni doğan sıçan ön korteksinde hazırlandı. Kültür hücreleri 152Eu, 241Am ve 132Ba izotoplarının gama ışınları ile 1-10 dakika boyunca, görünür ışık ile 1-160 dakika boyunca ve lazer ışını ile 0,2-2 saniye boyunca ışınlandı. MTT tetrazolium azalmasının ölçülmesi, nöronal hücre kültürlerindeki canlı hücre sayısını değerlendirmek için kullanıldı. Dalgaboyu dağılımlı X-ışını floresans spektrometresi, nöronal hücre kültürü plakalardan sağlanan hücresel sıvı Na, K, Ca ve seviyelerini belirlemek için kullanıldı.Bulgular: Hücre canlılığı, 152Eu, 241Am ve 132Ba izotoplar ile düşük dozda radyasyon altında, istatiksel olarak anlamsız bir, zamanla azaldı. Öte yandan, görünür ışığa maruziyet hücre canlılığında hem kısa süreli (1-10 dk) hem de uzun süreli (20-160 dk) maruziyette anlamlı derecede düşüşe sebep olur. Hücre canlılığı lazere 2 saniye maruz kalma ile değişmedi. Na, K ve Ca seviyeleri gama ışını ve görünür ışık maruziyeti ile önemli ölçüde azalmıştır. Oksidatif stres belirteçleri seviyesi gama-ışını ile önemli ölçüde değişti.Sonuç: Düşük doz gama ışını oksidatif strese bağlı nöronal hücre kültürlerindeki apoptotik etkisi hafif ve orta düzeydeyken, uzun süreli görünür ışık dikkate değer bir apoptoz ve hücre ölümüne neden oldu. Lazer ışığı nöronlar üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip değildir. Görünür ışığın nöron gelişimi ve işlevleri üzerinde kronik etkisini açıklamak için ileri genetik çalışmalar yapılmasına ihtiyaç vardır.

🔖

Cite This Article

SAGSOZ, M. E., SEVEN, S., HACİMUFTUOGLU, A., KADİOGLU, H. H., CAKİR, M., CALİKOGLU, C., COLAK, A., TASPİNAR, N. (2022). Once the Light Touch to the Brain: Cytotoxic Effects of Low-Dose Gamma-Ray, Laser Light, and Visible Light on Rat Neuronal Cell Culture. Eurasian Journal of Medicine, Cilt: 48 - Sayı: 2, 76–83. https://ajindex.com/articles/509035

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (12)

  1. Herrup K, Yang Y. Cell cycle regulation in the postmitotic neuron: oxymoron or new biology? Nat Rev Neurosci 2007
  2. [CrossRef] 2. Fike JR, Rosi S, Limoli CL. Neural precursor cells and central nervous system radiation sensitivity. Semin Radiat Oncol 2009
  3. [CrossRef] 3. US Environmental Protection Agency. Radiation: Non-ionizing and ionizing. Available from: URL: http://www.epa.gov/radiation/understand/ Accessed 1 October 2014. 4. Andres-Mach M, Rola R, Fike JR. Radiation effects on neural precursor cells in the dentate gyrus. Cell Tissue Res 2008
  4. [CrossRef] 5. Fike JR. Physiopathology of radiation-induced neurotoxicity. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2011
  5. [CrossRef] 6. Greene-Schloesser D, Robbins ME, Peiffer AM, Shaw EG, Wheeler KT, Chan MD. Radiation-induced brain injury: A review. Front Oncol 2012
  6. [CrossRef] 7. American Cancer Society. Radiation therapy principles. Available from: URL: http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/cid/documents/ webcontent/003019-pdf.pdf. Accessed 1 October 2014. 8. National Cancer Institute. Lasers in Cancer Treatment. Available from: URL: www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Therapy/ lasers Accessed 1 October 2014. 9. Kumar V, Abbas AK, Jon Aster J. Cell injury, cell death, and adaptations. Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th Edition, Elsevier, 2013. 10. Yang M, Song MS, Kim SH, et al. Cytotoxicity of gamma-ray in rat immature hippocampal neurons. J Vet Sci 2011
  7. [CrossRef] 11. Okamoto M, Suzuki Y, Shirai K, et al. Effect of radiation on the development of immature hippocampal neurons in vitro. Radiat Res 2009
  8. [CrossRef] 12. Edwards E, Whetsell W, Shinohara E, Tan J, Osusky K, Hallahan D. Mechanisms of radiation-induced hippocampal neuron cytotoxicity and implications on memory and learning disorders. Int J Rad Oncol Biol Phys 2004
  9. S341-2. [CrossRef] 13. Luan P, Zhou HH, Zhang B, et al. Basic fibroblast growth factor protects C17.2 cells from radiation-induced injury through ERK1/2. CNS Neurosci Ther 2012
  10. [CrossRef] 14. Pyun JH, Kang SU, Hwang HS, et al. Epicatechin inhibits radiationinduced auditory cell death by suppression of reactive oxygen species generation. Neuroscience 2011
  11. [CrossRef] 15. Thotala DK, Hallahan DE, Yazlovitskaya EM. Glycogen synthase kinase 3? inhibitors protect hippocampal neurons from radiation-induced apoptosis by regulating MDM2-p53 pathway. Cell Death Differ 2012
  12. [CrossRef] 16. Mosmann T. Rap