Journals / Experimed / 2019 / Cilt: 9 - Sayı: 2

Cell Free DNA and Genometastasis

Hücre Dışı DNA ve Genometastaz

Journal
Experimed
Pages
69–74
Publication Date
2019-08-01
DOI
—
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Experimed 2019; 9(2): 69-74.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:DOI: 10.26650/experimed.2019.19015Cell free DNAs (cfDNA) are short DNA fragments which are present in all biological fluids and cell culture medium.
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Key Findings & Data:They were first detected in blood plasma by Mandel and Metais in 1948. cfDNAs are mostly endogenous-derived fragments that are determined in lipid/protein rich complexes or particles with membranes.
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Conclusion & Impact:Experimed 2019; 9(2): 69-74.
🔬Design:Experimental Field Trial
📍Scope:2019 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Hücre dışı DNA · Genometastaz · Hücre dışı fetal DNA

Abstract

DOI: 10.26650/experimed.2019.19015Cell free DNAs (cfDNA) are short DNA fragments which are present in all biological fluids and cell culture medium. They were first detected in blood plasma by Mandel and Metais in 1948. cfDNAs are mostly endogenous-derived fragments that are determined in lipid/protein rich complexes or particles with membranes. In healthy individuals, there are small amounts of mono-nucleosome forms of cfDNA in the peripheral circulation. cfDNA can bind to proteins and phospholipids on cell surfaces. This mechanism may related to absorbance and release of cfDNA. Different enzymes such as deoxyribonuclease (DNase) may facilitate the unbounding and recirculation of membrane bound cfDNAs.The investigation of cfDNA that circulates freely in the blood initiated its application in clinical research including diagnosis. Especially, cfDNA in mother’s blood, which originated in fetus, has been in widely used in prenatal diagnosis already. Moreover, cfDNA has been applied in much clinical research, including cancer, organ transplantation, auto-immune diseases, trauma, myocardial infarcts, and sepsis. Although it is extremely useful to analyze cfDNA for certain pathologies and physiological conditions, there is no definite information about their fragment dimensions, origins nor their character.In this review, the possible origins of cfDNA are explored with an overview of the literature regarding cfDNA and also, its role in genometastasis has been investigated. In addition, the rapidly increasing diagnostic use in recent years, especially its advantages in prenatal diagnosis are discussed.Cite this article as: Koçana CÇ, Toprak SF, Yaşa B, Hekimoğlu H, Tokdemir SS. Cell Free DNA and Genometastasis. Experimed 2019; 9(2): 69-74.

Özet

DOI: 10.26650/experimed.2019.190151948 yılında, kan plazmasında Mandel ve Metais tarafından keşfedilen hücre dışı DNA’lar (hdDNA), tüm biyolojik sıvılar ve hücre kültür medyasında var olduğu bilinen kısa DNA parçalarıdır. Bu hdDNA’lar ağırlıklı olarak endojen kökenli olup lipid ve protein içeren komplekslerde veya membranlı partiküllerin içinde bulunabilirler. Sağlıklı bireylerde periferik dolaşımda, mono-nükleozomlar şeklinde az miktarda hdDNA bulunur. hdDNA, hücre yüzeylerindeki bağlayıcı proteinlere veya fosfolipitlere tutunabilir. Bu mekanizma hdDNA emilimi veya salınımıyla ilişkilendirilebilir. Deoksiribonükleaz (DNaz) gibi enzimler aracılığıyla hücreye tutunmuş olan hdDNA’ların yüzeyden ayırıp sirkülasyona geri salınımı sağlanabilir. Kanda serbest halde dolaşan hdDNA‘nın keşfedilmesi ile farklı klinik alanlarda tanı amaçlı kullanımlarına ilişkin çalışmalar da başlamıştır. Özellikle prenatal tanıda, anne dolaşımında bulunan fetüse ait hdDNA analizleri halihazırda uygulanmaktadır. Bunun yanında, kanser, organ nakli, otoimmün hastalıklar, travma, miyokardial infarktüs ve sepsis gibi diğer klinik alanlar için de kullanılabildiği bilinmektedir. hdDNA analizi, çeşitli patolojiler ve spesifik fizyolojik durumların araştırılması ve tanısında yararlı görülse de, fragman boyutları dahil olmak üzere, kökenleri ve doğası hakkında kesin bir bilgi yoktur. Bu derlemede, muhtemel hdDNA orjini hakkında literatür bilgileri bir araya getirilerek bir sentez oluşturulmaya çalışılmış bunun yanında genometestazdaki rolü de irdelenmiştir. Son yıllarda hızla artan tanı amaçlı kullanımına özellikle de prenatal tanıdaki avantajları ele alınmıştır.Cite this article as: Koçana CÇ, Toprak SF, Yaşa B, Hekimoğlu H, Tokdemir SS. Cell Free DNA and Genometastasis. Experimed 2019; 9(2): 69-74.

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Cite This Article

KOÇANA, C. Ç., TOPRAK, S. F., YAŞA, B., HEKİMOĞLU, H., TOKDEMİR, S. S. (2019). Cell Free DNA and Genometastasis. Experimed, Cilt: 9 - Sayı: 2, 69–74. https://ajindex.com/articles/50844

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