Journals / Ekoloji / 2010 / Cilt: 19 - Sayı: 74

Toprağa uygulanan azotlu gübrenin metan oksidasyonuna etkisi

The effect of nitrogenous fertilizers on methane oxidation in soil

Journal
Ekoloji
Pages
1–9
Publication Date
2022-10-17
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The overall results indicate that $NH _4NO _3$ fertilization and $NH _4NO _3$ with a nitrification inhibitor application causes a statistically significant decrease in $CH _4$ emissions and an increase in $CO _2$ emissions into the atmosphere. $N _2O$ emissions were found to be statistically different with the $NH _4NO _3$ application and control treatments.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:One of the most prominent applications to increase agricultural yield is the application of nitrogenous fertilizers to the soil.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The intermediate and final products of the mineralization/humidification that include carbon dioxide ($CO _2$), methane ($CH _4$), and nitrous oxide ($N _2O$) are released into the atmosphere while other final products are cycled into the soil upon completion of the related reactions that take place in soil.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The overall results indicate that $NH _4NO _3$ fertilization and $NH _4NO _3$ with a nitrification inhibitor application causes a statistically significant decrease in $CH _4$ emissions and an increase in $CO _2$ emissions into the atmosphere. $N _2O$ emissions were found to be statistically different with the $NH _4NO _3$ application and control treatments.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

One of the most prominent applications to increase agricultural yield is the application of nitrogenous fertilizers to the soil. The intermediate and final products of the mineralization/humidification that include carbon dioxide ($CO _2$), methane ($CH _4$), and nitrous oxide ($N _2O$) are released into the atmosphere while other final products are cycled into the soil upon completion of the related reactions that take place in soil. Released $CO _2$, $CH _4$ , and $N _2O$ are the most notable factors responsible for global warming and are claimed to be remarkably serious when one accounts for all of the agricultural lands and other similar fields all around the globe. In the present study, the impact of $NH _4NO _3$ with 26% N, which consisted of 19% $NH _4-N$ (ammonium-N) and 7% $NO_3-N$ (nitrate-N), with and withouth nitrification inhibitor in the soil on $CH _4$, $CO _2$ and $N _2O$ gas emissions was monitored in a controlled laboratory environment as three parallel experiments. The amount of fertilizer applied to the soil layer was 90 kg N per hectare. The two treated soils and one control soil were incubated at 60% maximal water holding capacity at 25°C during the test period of 18 days to investigate, (a) nitrogenous fertilizer ($NH _4NO _3$), (b) nitrogenous fertilizer plus nitrification inhibitor ($NH _4NO _3$ + N.I.), and finally (c) control for CH4, $CO _2$, and $N _2O$ emissions. Gas compositions from the experimental soils were sampled at predetermined times in order to assess the CH4 release along with $N _2O$ and $CO _2$ emissions. Analyses of the headspace on the $1^ {st}, 2^ {nd}, 4^ {th}, 7^ {th}, 10^ {th}, 14^ {th}$ and 18th days were completed in order to evaluate gas concentrations. The overall results indicate that $NH _4NO _3$ fertilization and $NH _4NO _3$ with a nitrification inhibitor application causes a statistically significant decrease in $CH _4$ emissions and an increase in $CO _2$ emissions into the atmosphere. $N _2O$ emissions were found to be statistically different with the $NH _4NO _3$ application and control treatments. Yet, no significant change was observed in, the $N _2O$ concentrations with respect to time, based on the $NH _4NO _3$ with a nitrification inhibitor application compared to the control group.

Özet

Azotlu gübre kullanımı, tarımsal ürün artışını sağlamak için yapılan tarımsal uygulamalardan en önemlilerinden biridir. Toprakta meydana gelen mineralizasyon ve humifikasyon olayları ile toprakta meydana gelen diðer reaksiyonların tamamlanması sonucu açığa çıkan, $CH _4$, $CO _2$ ve $N _2O$ gibi ara ve son ürünler atmosfere verilirler. Açığa çıkan $CO _2$, $CH _4$ ve $N _2O$ gazları küresel ısınmaya neden olan en önemli faktörlerdendir. Dünyadaki tarım alanlarının tamamı dikkate alındığında bu durumun önemi daha çok ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, toprağa uygulanan nitrifikasyon inhibitörü içeren ve nitrifikasyon inhibitörü içermeyen (%26N; %19 $NH _4-N$ ve % 7 $NO_3-N$) iki azotlu gübrenin topraktan $CH _4$, $CO _2$ ve $N _2O$ çıkışına olan etkisi kontrollü laboratuar koşullarında araştırılmıştır.Toprağa uygulanan gübre miktarı 90kgN/ha olarak hesaplanmış olup, deneme üç yinelemeli olarak kurulmuştur. Denemede kullanılan varyantlar; a) Azotlu gübre ($NH _4NO _3$), b) Azotlu gübre + nitrifikasyon inhibitörü ($NH _4NO _3$ + N.İ) ve c) Kontrol (toprak) olarak belirlenmiþtir. Bu amaçla azotlu gübrelerin topraða karıştırılmasından sonra, tarla kapasitesinin %60'ına kadar saf su ilave edilen topraklar 25°C'de 18 gün sure ile inkübasyona bırakılmıştır. inkübasyonun 1., 2., 4., 7.,10.,14. ve 18. gününde topraklardan özel şırıngalar ile alınan gaz örneklerinde bulunan $CH _4$, $CO _2$ ve $N _2O$ miktarları gaz kromatografisinde yapılan ölçümler ile belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda; azotlu gübre uygulamasının topraktan çıkan $CH _4$ miktarını azalttığı, $CO _2$ çıkışını artırdığı ve $N _2O$ çıkışında ise önemli bir farklılığa neden olmadığı belirlenirken, inkübasyon süresine bağlı olarak $CH _4$ çıkışında azalma, $CO _2$ çıkışında artış, $N _2O$ çıkışında ise azalma belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; çalışmanın yapıldığı özellikteki topraklarda uygulanan azotlu gübrelerin ikisinin de metan oksidasyonunu artırarak atmosfere verilen $CO _2$ çıkışının artmasına neden olduğu, $N _2O$ çıkışında etkinin önemli olmadığı, nitrifikasyon inhibitörü içermeyen gübrede etkinin daha fazla olduğu söylenebilir.

🔖

Cite This Article

ÖZDİLEK, H. G., KARA, E. E. (2022). Toprağa uygulanan azotlu gübrenin metan oksidasyonuna etkisi. Ekoloji, Cilt: 19 - Sayı: 74, 1–9. https://ajindex.com/articles/499135

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (16)

  1. Adams MB (2003) Ecological issues related to N deposition to natural ecosystems: research needs. Environment International 29, 189-199.
  2. Bedard C, Knowles R (1989)
  3. Physiology, Biochemistry and Specific Inhibitors of $CH _4$, NH4 and CO Oxidation by Methanotrophs and Nitrifiers. Microbiological Review 53, 68-84.
  4. Bronson KF, Mosier AR (1994) Suppression of methane oxidation in aerobic soil by nitrogen fertilizers, nitrification inhibitors, and urease inhibitors. Biology and Fertility of Soils 37, 433-444.
  5. Buendia L, Neue H, Wassmann R, Javellana LA (1997) Understanding the nature of methane emission from rice ecosystems as basis of mitigation strategies. Applied Energy 56, 433-444.
  6. Bundy LG, Bremner JM (1973) Inhibition of nitrification in soils. Soil Science Society of America Proceedings 37, 396-398.
  7. Cai ZC, Mosier AR (2000) Effects of NH4Cl addition on methane oxidation by paddy soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 32, 1537-1545.
  8. Chang TC, Yang SS (2003) Methane emission from wetlands in Taiwan. Atmospheric Environment 37, 4551-4558.
  9. Dan J, Kruger M, Frenzel P, Conrad R (2001) Effect of late season urea fertilization on methane emissions from a rice field in Italy. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 83, 191-199.
  10. Denier Van der Gon HAC, Neue HU (1995) Influence of organic matter incorporation on the methane emission from a wetland rice field. Global Biogeochemistry 9, 11-22.
  11. De Visscher A, Van Cleemput O (2003) Induction of enhanced CH4 oxidation in soils: NH4+ inhibition patterns. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 35, 907-913.
  12. Fuhrer J (2003) Agroecosystem responses to combinations of elevated CO2, ozone and global climate change. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 97, 1-20.
  13. Hellebrand HJ, Kern J Scholz V (2003) Long term studies of greenhouse gas fluxes during cultivation of energy crops on sandy soils. Atmospheric Environment 37, 1635-1644.
  14. Hütsch BW, Webster CP, Powlson DS (1993) Long term effects of nitrogen fertilization on methane oxidation in soil of the Broadbalk Wheat Experiment. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 25, 1307-1317. Jäckel U, Schnell S, Conrad R (2001) Effect of moisture, texture and aggregate size of paddy soils on production and consumption of CH4. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 33, 965-971.
  15. Khalil MAK, Rasmussen RA, Shearer MJ, Dalluge RW, Ren LX, Duan CL (1998) Measurements of methane emissions from rice fields in China. Journal of Geophysical Research 103, D-19, 25181-25210.
  16. King GM (1992) Ecological Aspects of Methane Oxidation,