Journals / Dahili ve Cerrahi Bilimler Yoğun Bakım Dergisi / 2019 / Cilt: 10 - Sayı: 2

Invasive Mould Infections in Intensive Care Units: Epidemiology, Microbiologic Diagnosis and Antifungal Resistance

Yoğun Bakımlarda İnvazif Küf Enfeksiyonları: Epidemiyoloji, Mikrobiyolojik Tanı ve Antifungal Direnç

Pages
63–69
Publication Date
2022-10-11
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Finally, antifungal resistance and clinical impact of resistance were discussed.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Invasive fungal infections present with a rising incidence and high morbidity and mortality rates.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Among these infections are those due to moulds which draw particular attention per the diagnostic difficulties and higher mortality rates.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Finally, antifungal resistance and clinical impact of resistance were discussed.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Invasive fungal infections present with a rising incidence and high morbidity and mortality rates. Among these infections are those due to moulds which draw particular attention per the diagnostic difficulties and higher mortality rates. While a relative decrease is observed in mortality rates regarding the use of prophylactic, empirical or preemptive antifungal regimens, there is a tendency of increase in antifungal resistance rates. Furthermore, due to increase in number of cases with immunosuppression, infections caused by rare and emerging moulds are now more frequently observed. Breakthrough infections, nosocomial infections, and infections due to risk factors other than immunosuppression are also a clinical concern. Diagnosis of invasive mould infections requires a multidisciplinary approach with clinical, radiological, histopathological and microbiological data. However, nonspecificity of clinical signs and radiological findings and difficulties in differentiation of infection and colonization are major problems in patients with invasive mould infections in intensive care units. Limited availability of routine microbiology laboratories with adequate facilities in mycological diagnostics and problems in specificity and sensitivity of diagnostic tests for intensive care unit patients result in further difficulties in diagnosis of these infections. In this review article, epidemiological data and microbiological diagnostic methods for invasive mould infections in intensive care units were reviewed per the published reports and the recommendations of current guidelines. Finally, antifungal resistance and clinical impact of resistance were discussed.

Özet

İnvazif fungal enfeksiyonlar günümüzde görülme sıklığı artan, morbidite ve mortalitesi yüksek enfeksiyonlardır.İnvazif küf enfeksiyonları ise hem tanısal zorlukları hem de yüksek mortalite oranları nedeniyle önemtaşımaktadır. Antifungal ilaçların profilaktik, ampirik, preemptif kullanımları ile bu enfeksiyonlarda mortaliteoranlarında göreceli bir düşüş gözlenebilirken, antifungal ilaçlara direnç oranlarında artış eğilimi dikkatiçekmektedir. Öte yandan, immünsupresyonu olan olgulardaki artışla birlikte, daha önce enfeksiyon etkeniolarak tanımlanmamış veya nadir görülen küflerin enfeksiyonlarına da daha sık rastlanır hale gelinmiştir.Bunlara, tedavi altında gelişen (“breakthrough”), hastane kaynaklı ve immünsupresyon dışı risk faktörleri olanolgularda gelişen küf enfeksiyonları da eklenmiştir.İnvazif küf enfeksiyonlarının tanısı; klinik, radyolojik, histopatolojik ve mikrobiyolojik bulgu bileşenleriyleve çok disiplinli bir yaklaşım ile konur. Ancak, yoğun bakım ünitelerindeki hastalarda radyolojik ve klinikbelirtilerin özgül olmaması ve enfeksiyonla kolonizasyonun ayırımı en büyük sorunlardır. Tanısal testlerin deyoğun bakım hastalarında duyarlılık ve özgüllük sorunlarının olabilmesi, tanıyı daha da güçleştirebilmektedir.Buna ek olarak, Mikoloji alanı

🔖

Cite This Article

AKDAĞLI, S. A., SIĞ, A. K. (2022). Invasive Mould Infections in Intensive Care Units: Epidemiology, Microbiologic Diagnosis and Antifungal Resistance. Dahili ve Cerrahi Bilimler Yoğun Bakım Dergisi, Cilt: 10 - Sayı: 2, 63–69. https://ajindex.com/articles/486517

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (2)

  1. Benedict K, Richardson M, Vallabhaneni S, et al. Emerging issues, challenges, and changing epidemiology of fungal disease outbreaks. Lancet Infect Dis 2017; 17: e403-e11. [CrossRef] Lass-Flörl C. The changing face of epidemiology of invasive fungal disease in Europe. Mycoses 2009; 52: 197-205. [CrossRef] Maschmeyer G, Calandra T, Singh N, et al. Invasive mould infections: a multi-disciplinary update. Med Mycol 2009; 47: 571-583. [CrossRef] Vazquez JA. Invasive fungal infections in the intensive care unit. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2010; 31: 79-86. [CrossRef] Slavin M, Van Hal S, Sorrell T, et al. Invasive infections due to filamentous fungi other than Aspergillus: epidemiology and determinants of mortality. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21: 490.e1- 490.e10. [CrossRef] Colombo AL, de Almeida Júnior JN, Slavin MA, et al. Candida and invasive mould diseases in non-neutropenic critically ill patients and patients with haematological cancer. Lancet Infect Dis 2017; 17: e344-e356. [CrossRef] Gullo A. Invasive fungal infections. Drugs 2009; 69: 65-73. [CrossRef] Gupta R, Malik A, Rizvi M, Ahmed M. An Alarming Increase of Fungal Infections in Intensive Care Unit: Challenges in the Diagnosis and Treatment. J Appl Pharm Sci 2016; 6: 114-119. [CrossRef] Montagna M, Caggiano G, Lovero G, et al. Epidemiology of invasive fungal infections in the intensive care unit: results of a multicenter Italian survey (AURORA Project). Infection 2013; 41: 645-653. [CrossRef] Bassetti M, Bouza E. Invasive mould infections in the ICU setting: complexities and solutions. J Antimicrob Chemother 2017; 72(suppl_1): i39-i47. [CrossRef] Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Al-Obaidi M. Invasive fungal infections in the intensive care unit. Infect Dis Clin N Am 2017; 31: 475-487. [CrossRef] Baykara N, Akalın H, Arslantaş MK, et al. Epidemiology of sepsis in intensive care units in Turkey: a multicenter, point-prevalence study. Crit Care 2018; 22: 93. [CrossRef] Arendrup MC, Fisher BT, Zaoutis TE. Invasive fungal infections in the paediatric and neonatal population: diagnostics and management issues. Clin Microbiol Infect 2009; 15: 613-624. [CrossRef] Yıldız Y, Dizbay M. Yoğun Bakım Ünitelerinde İnvaziv Mantar Enfeksiyonları. Turkiye Klinikleri J Intensive Care-Special Topics 2018; 4: 64-73.
  2. Perkhofer S, Lass-Flörl C, Hell M, et al. The Nationwide Austrian Aspergillus Registry: a prospective data collection on epidemiology, therapy and outcome of invasive mould infections in immunocompromised and/or immunosup