Journals / Bağcılar Tıp Bülteni / 2022 / Cilt: 7 - Sayı: 2

Acute Rhabdomyolysis in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: Etiology, Clinical Features, Treatment, and Prognosis

Çocuk Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Akut Rabdomiyoliz: Etiyoloji, Klinik Özellikler, Tedavi ve Prognoz

Pages
116–123
Publication Date
2022-10-12
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Early aggressive fluid therapy positively affects the course of the disease.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: This study was designed to identify the underlying etiology, evaluate the treatment methods, and determine the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI), and to establish the predictive laboratory values for kidney failure and the factors associated with mortality in critically ill children with a diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis and high creatine kinase (CK) levels.
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Key Findings & Data:Method: Twenty-three patients who were diagnosed with acute rhabdomyolysis in the first 48 hours in the pediatric intensive care unit between January 2011 and January 2021 and whose CK levels were found to be ≥50.000 IU/L in follow-up were included in the study.
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Conclusion & Impact:Early aggressive fluid therapy positively affects the course of the disease.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2011 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Objective: This study was designed to identify the underlying etiology, evaluate the treatment methods, and determine the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI), and to establish the predictive laboratory values for kidney failure and the factors associated with mortality in critically ill children with a diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis and high creatine kinase (CK) levels. Method: Twenty-three patients who were diagnosed with acute rhabdomyolysis in the first 48 hours in the pediatric intensive care unit between January 2011 and January 2021 and whose CK levels were found to be ≥50.000 IU/L in follow-up were included in the study. The ages of the patients ranged from 1 month to 18 years. Patients with muscular diseases, postoperative patients, and chronic renal failure patients were not included. Results: The median age of the patients was 71 months (41-141 months). The three most common causes were infection (n=11, 47%), intoxication (n=5, 21.7%), and metabolic disease (n=4, 17.3%). While the mean CK value of the patients at admission was 53.570±32.37 IU/L, the peak CK value was 88.936 IU/L (60.558-122.962). Eleven patients (47.8%) developed AKI. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) was performed for six patients (26%). Between those who developed kidney failure and those who did not, the differences between the pediatric risk of mortality scores, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, and calcium measured during hospitalization were significant, while the difference in CK values was not. The incidence of kidney failure was significantly higher in patients who needed mechanical ventilation, inotrope administration, or extracorporeal therapy and in patients with three or more organ failures. Mortality was significantly higher in patients who needed inotropes or CRRT, had three or more organ failures, or developed stage 3 kidney failure. End-stage kidney failure was not observed in any of the surviving patients. Four patients (17.4%) included in the study died. The relationship between mortality and peak CK elevation was not significant. Conclusion: The prognosis of rhabdomyolysis is related to the underlying etiology and comorbid conditions. Early aggressive fluid therapy positively affects the course of the disease.

Özet

Amaç: Rabdomiyoliz tanısı konulan ve kreatin kinaz (CK) düzeyi yüksek olan kritik çocuk hastalarda, altta yatan etiyolojiyi saptamak, tedavi yöntemlerini değerlendirmek, akut böbrek yetmezliği (ABY) görülme sıklığını ve böbrek yetmezliği için prediktif laboratuvar değerlerini saptamak ve mortalite ile ilişkili faktörleri belirlemektir. Yöntem: Çalışmaya Ocak 2011-Ocak 2021 arasında çocuk yoğun bakım ünitesinde ilk 48 saatte akut rabdomiyoliz tanısı konulan ve izlemde CK düzeyi 50,000 IU/L ve üzerinde tespit edilen 23 hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların yaşları 1 ay-18 yaş arasındaydı. Kas hastalığı bulunanlar, postoperatif hastalar ve kronik böbrek yetmezliği hastaları dahil edilmedi. Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortancası 71 ay (41-141 ay) idi. En sık üç neden enfeksiyon (n=11, %47), zehirlenme (n=5, %21,7) ve metabolik hastalık (n=4, %17,3) idi. Hastaların yatış ortalama CK değeri 53,570±32.371 IU/L iken, pik CK değeri 88,936 IU/L (60,558-122,962) idi. On bir hastada (%47,8) ABY gelişti. Altı hastaya (%26) sürekli renal replasman tedavisi (SRRT) uygulandı. Böbrek yetmezliği gelişenler ile gelişmeyenler arasında; pediatrik ölüm riski skorları, yatış sırasında bakılan BUN, kreatinin, ürik asit ve kalsiyum değerleri arasındaki farklılık anlamlı iken, CK değerlerindeki farklılık anlamlı değildi. Mekanik ventilatör, inotrop, ekstrakorporeal tedavi ihtiyacı olanlar ile üç ve üzerinde organ yetmezliği gelişen hastalarda böbrek yetmezliği görülme sıklığı anlamlı derecede yüksekti. İnotrop ihtiyacı olan, SRRT tedavisine ihtiyaç duyan, üç ve üzerinde organ yetmezliği olan ve evre 3 böbrek yetmezliği gelişen hastaların mortalitesi anlamlı düzeyde yüksekti. Sağ kalan hastaların hiçbirinde son dönem böbrek yetmezliği görülmedi. Çalışmaya dahil edilen dört hasta (%17,4) öldü. Mortalite ile pCK yüksekliği arasındaki ilişki anlamlı değildi. Sonuç: Rabdomiyolizin prognozu altta yatan etiyoloji ve komorbid durumlar ile ilişkilidir. Erken agresif sıvı tedavisi hastalığın seyrini olumlu yönde etkilemektedir.

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Cite This Article

AZAPAĞASI, E., YAZICI, M. U., AKKAYA, B., ONGUNER, S., ÖZTÜRK, Z. (2022). Acute Rhabdomyolysis in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: Etiology, Clinical Features, Treatment, and Prognosis. Bağcılar Tıp Bülteni, Cilt: 7 - Sayı: 2, 116–123. https://ajindex.com/articles/458878

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