Journals / Arkeoloji ve Sanat / 2020 / Cilt: 164 - Sayı: 164

Deconstructing FemaleFigured Supportive Columns: Re-considering Vitruvius’ Caryatids “as agalmata1of the Chthonic Goddesses”2

ESKİÇAĞ MİMARLIĞINDA KADIN FİGÜRLÜ TAŞIYICILAR VE VİTRUVİUS’UN KARYATİD TANIMINA YENİDEN BAKIŞ

Pages
69–92
Publication Date
2022-10-11
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In the caryatid orders, the korai carry also kalathos crowns on their heads shaped out ofstylized plant forms

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:This paper aims to analyze the female-figured supportive columns used in ancient architecture.
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Key Findings & Data:This paper taking this into consideration examines thefemale-figured architectural supports dated between the 2nd millennium B.C and the 4th centuryB.C.
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Conclusion & Impact:In the caryatid orders, the korai carry also kalathos crowns on their heads shaped out ofstylized plant forms
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the female-figured supportive columns used in ancient architecture. Thefemale-figured supports used as both ornaments and as load bearing elements were mainly found inancient Egypt, ancient Cyprus, Anatolia and Mainland Greece. In archaeology, art and architecturalhistory, women who carry decorative pieces of stone crowns above their heads to support superiorstructures, are called as Hathor columns and caryatids. Hathor columns bear the image of the ancient Egyptian goddess Hathor, whereas caryatids bear the image of a female figure called Kore whois shaped as a draped woman statue in the place of columns. Up until now, several scholars havelong studied and researched Hathor columns and caryatids, but they have not compared them witheach other and mentioned about an ancient Egyptian connection. They mostly have focused ontheir definitions, descriptions and contexts. This paper taking this into consideration examines thefemale-figured architectural supports dated between the 2nd millennium B.C and the 4th centuryB.C. Their selected capitals are deconstructed and compared with each other. When caryatid capitalsare studied in comparison with the Hathor supporters, it is understood that the motifs found on thecrown elements of the female-figured capitals have similar cultic and chthonic meanings. Hathorcarries a kalathos crown on top of her head which is formed out of a papyrus umbel sacred for theEgyptians. In the caryatid orders, the korai carry also kalathos crowns on their heads shaped out ofstylized plant forms

Özet

Bu çalışma, bir mimari düzen içinde kullanılmış olan kadın figürlü taşıyıcıları incelemektedir. Hem taşıyıcı hem de süsleme ögeleri olarak kullanılan kadın figürlü taşıyıcılar çoğunlukla Eski Mısır, Kıbrıs, Anadolu ve Kıta Yunanistan’da tespit edilmişlerdir. Arkeoloji, sanat ve mimarlık tarihi literatüründe, başlarının üzerinde bezeli taş parçası olan taçlar yardımıyla bir üst yapıyı destekleyen kadınlar, Hathor sütunlar ve karyatidler olarak adlandırılmaktadırlar. Hathorlu taşıyıcılarda kadın figürü Eski Mısır tanrıçası Hathor’u, karyatidlerde ise genç kadın heykeli olarak şekillendirilmiş Tanrıça veya Kore’yi simgelemektedir. Bugüne kadar yapılmış olan çalışmalar genellikle taşıyıcı kavramı veya sadece karyatidler üzerine yoğunlaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmalar arasında Hathorlu taşıyıcıları karyatidlerle karşılaştırarak inceleyen detaylı bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışma, İ.Ö 2. binden 4. yüzyılın sonuna kadar kullanılmış olan Hathorlu taşıyıcılardan ve karyatidlerden seçilmiş başlık parçalarını birbirleriyle kıyaslıyarak incelemektedir. Karyatid başlıkları Hathorlu başlıklarla birlikte karşılaştırılarak incelendiğinde, kadın başları üzerinde yer alan taçlarının benzer kültsel ve kthonik anlamlar içeren motiflere sahip oldukları görülmektedir. Hathorlu başlıklarda, tanrıça Hathor başının üzerinde Eski Mısır’ın kutsal bitkisi papirüs umbelinden gelişmiş olan kalathos taç yer alırken, karyatid düzende ise korelerin başlarının üstünde stilize olmuş bitki formlarından gelişmiş kalathos taçlar taşıdıkları saptanmıştır.

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Cite This Article

ÇONKA, S. (2022). Deconstructing FemaleFigured Supportive Columns: Re-considering Vitruvius’ Caryatids “as agalmata1of the Chthonic Goddesses”2. Arkeoloji ve Sanat, Cilt: 164 - Sayı: 164, 69–92. https://ajindex.com/articles/448402

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