Journals / Arkeoloji ve Sanat / 2021 / Cilt: 167 - Sayı: 167

TAWANANNA PHENOMENON IN ANATOLIA IN THE HITITE AGE

Hitit Dönemi’nde Anadolu’da Tavananna Olgusu

Pages
53–62
Publication Date
2022-10-11
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Even HattušiliI introducing himself as Tawananna’s nephew in order to legitimize his right on the throne in such aworld, him banning the mention of Tawananna, whom the same king regarded as a great danger tothe state at the end of his life, and then the absence of documents with the names of Tawanannaand Tawanannaship for a long time from even long after Hattušili show that the influence ofTawananna on the kingdom is much different and more than a plain queen.This study has been written in order to examine the institution of Tawananna and Tawanannaship,which is one of the important debates on political and social life in Anatolia in the Hittite Age, inthe axis of existing documents and discussions.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:In the Hittite Kingdom, which has a patriarchal image with its monarchic state structures, economicsystems based on organized agriculture and animal husbandry, military organizations, and inheritance systems based on male ancestry, documents dated especially to the Old Hittite Age indicate theexistence of women by the name of the Sovereign queen, Tawananna as almost the most influentialand influential person in the Hittite palace after the Hittite king.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Existing documents indicate that theTawannas had a strong influence on the state, but they did not provide information about their lineage relations, duties and missions with the Hittite King.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Even HattušiliI introducing himself as Tawananna’s nephew in order to legitimize his right on the throne in such aworld, him banning the mention of Tawananna, whom the same king regarded as a great danger tothe state at the end of his life, and then the absence of documents with the names of Tawanannaand Tawanannaship for a long time from even long after Hattušili show that the influence ofTawananna on the kingdom is much different and more than a plain queen.This study has been written in order to examine the institution of Tawananna and Tawanannaship,which is one of the important debates on political and social life in Anatolia in the Hittite Age, inthe axis of existing documents and discussions.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

In the Hittite Kingdom, which has a patriarchal image with its monarchic state structures, economicsystems based on organized agriculture and animal husbandry, military organizations, and inheritance systems based on male ancestry, documents dated especially to the Old Hittite Age indicate theexistence of women by the name of the Sovereign queen, Tawananna as almost the most influentialand influential person in the Hittite palace after the Hittite king. Existing documents indicate that theTawannas had a strong influence on the state, but they did not provide information about their lineage relations, duties and missions with the Hittite King. Kings are the only legitimate representativesof the state inside and outside in the ancient world, law maker, rule maker, the heir determiner, anabsolute power with divine power, determining the future and destiny of the people. Even HattušiliI introducing himself as Tawananna’s nephew in order to legitimize his right on the throne in such aworld, him banning the mention of Tawananna, whom the same king regarded as a great danger tothe state at the end of his life, and then the absence of documents with the names of Tawanannaand Tawanannaship for a long time from even long after Hattušili show that the influence ofTawananna on the kingdom is much different and more than a plain queen.This study has been written in order to examine the institution of Tawananna and Tawanannaship,which is one of the important debates on political and social life in Anatolia in the Hittite Age, inthe axis of existing documents and discussions.

Özet

Monarşik devlet yapıları, organize tarım ve hayvancılığa dayalı ekonomik sistemleri, askeri teşkilatlanmaları, erkek soyuna dayalı veraset sistemleriyle ataerkil bir görüntü çizen Hitit Krallığı’nda özellikle Eski Hitit Çağı’na tarihlendirilen belgeler, Hitit sarayında Hitit kralından sonra neredeyse en nüfuzlu ve etkili kişi olarak Egemen Kraliçe adıyla anılan Tavananna unvanlı kadınların varlığına işaret etmektedir. Mevcut belgeler Tawannaların devlet üzerinde güçlü etkileri olduğuna işaret etmekte fakat Hitit Kralı ile soy ilişkileri, görevleri ve misyonları ile ilgili bilgi vermemektedirler. Krallar, Eskiçağ dünyasında devletin içte ve dışta tek meşru temsilcisi, kanun yapıcı, kural koyucu, veliahdı belirleyici, tanrısal kudrete sahip, halkın geleceği ve kaderini tayin edici mutlak bir güçtür. I.Hattušili’nin böyle bir dünyada taht üzerindeki hakkına meşruiyet kazandırmak için kendisini Tavananna’nın yeğeni olarak tanıtması, yine aynı kralın ömrünün son zamanlarında devlet için çok büyük bir tehlike olarak gördüğü Tavananna’nın adının anılmasını yasaklaması, ardından Hattušili’den uzunca bir zaman sonrasına kadar Tavanannalık ve Tavananna adının geçtiği belgelere rastlanılmaması bile Tavanannaların krallık üzerindeki etkilerinin sade bir kraliçeden çok farklı ve fazla olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, Hitit Çağı’nda Anadolu’daki siyasal ve sosyal yaşama dair önemli tartışmalardan biri olan Tavananna ve Tavanannalık kurumunu mevcut belgeler ve tartışmalar ekseninde ele alarak incelemek amacıyla kaleme alınmıştır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Cengiz, T. (2022). TAWANANNA PHENOMENON IN ANATOLIA IN THE HITITE AGE. Arkeoloji ve Sanat, Cilt: 167 - Sayı: 167, 53–62. https://ajindex.com/articles/448369

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (18)

  1. Alp, S. ve S. Erkut 2002. “Hitit Kralı III. Hattušili ile Kraliçe Puduhepa’nın Gümüş Tablet Üzerindeki Mühürleri”, Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi 5: 1-6. Beal R.H. 1983. “Studies in Hittite History”, Journalaf Cuneifonn Studies 35: 115-126.
  2. Beckman, G. 1978. “The Tavannan in the Hittite Kingdom”, Journal of American Oriental Society 98: 513- 514. Beran, T. 1967. Die hethitische Glyptik von Boğazköy. Berlin. Bin Nun, S. R. 1975. The Tawananna in the Hittite Kingdom. Texte der Hethiter 5, Heidelberg. Bossert, H. Th. 1942. Altanatolien. Berlin. Börker-Klähn J. 1995, “Malnigal”, Istanbuler Mitteilungen 45: 169-173. Börker-Klähn, J. 1996. “Marginalien Zur Boğazköy-Glyptik”, Studi Micenei Ed Egeo-Anatolici Fascicolo 38: 39-61.
  3. Bryce, T. R. 1988, The Kingdom Of The Hittites. Oxford. Bryce, T. 1998. “ How Old Was Matanazi?”, Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 84: 212-215.
  4. Carruba, O. 1992. “Die Tawanannas Des Alten Reiches”, H. Otten vd. (yay.) Hittite And Other Anatolian And Near Eastern Studies İn Honour Of Sedat Alp: 73-89.
  5. Darga, M. 1974. “ Puduhepa: An Anatollian Queen of the Thirteenth Century B.C.”, Mansel’e Armağan: 939-961,
  6. Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları,
  7. Ankara.
  8. Darga, M. 1984. Eski Anadolu’da Kadın, İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları,
  9. İstanbul.
  10. Darga, M. 2013. Anadolu’da Kadın, Yapı Kredi Yayınları,
  11. İstanbul.
  12. Dinçol, A. vd. 1993. “The ‘Cruciform Seal from Boğazköy-Hattusa”, Istanbuler Mitteilungen 43: 87-106.
  13. Frıedrıch, J. 1959.
  14. Die Hethitischen Gesetze, Leiden. Forlanını, M. 2005. “Hattušili II: Geschöpf der Forcher oder vergessener König?”, Altorientalische Forschungen 32: 230 -245. Goetze, A. 1924. Hattušiliš. Der Bericht über seine Thronbesteigung nebs dent Paralleltexten, (Mitteilungen der Vorderasiatisch-Agyptischen Gesellschaft 29), Leipzig. Goetze A. 1957.
  15. Kulturgeschichte Des Alten Orients, Kleinasien, München. Güterbock, H.G. 1940.
  16. Siegel aus Bogazköy I, Biblio-Verlag, Osnabrück. Güterbock, H.G. 1958. “The Composition of Hittite Prayers to the Sun”, Journal of the American Oriental Society 78: 237–245.
  17. Güterbock, H. G. 1997. “Observations on the Tarsus Seal of Puduhepa, Queen of Hatti”, Journal of the American Oriental Society 117: 143- 144. Hoffner, H. A. 1983. “A prayer of Mursili II. about his stepmother”, Journal of the American Oriental Society 103: 187-192.
  18. Houwink ten Cate, P. 1995-1996. “The genealogy of Mursilis II. The difference between a legalistic and a genealogical approach to the descent of Suppiluliumas I”, Jaarberich