Journals / Ankara Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi / 2004 / Cilt: 31 - Sayı: 2

Effect of cigarette smoking on periodontal health of dental students

Dişhekimliği öğrencilerinde sigara kullanımının periodontal sağlığa etkisi

Pages
115–122
Publication Date
2022-10-10
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Attachment loss was detected in only ten students regardless of being smoker or non smoker.Finally, more studies are required about the effect of smoking on the periodontal health of young population.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:It has been shown that tobacco consumption is an important risk factor for the development of periodontal disease.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the periodontal health of the dental students and the influence of smoking on their periodontal health.148 dental student with an mean age of 20.62 ± 1.61 volunteered to the present study.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Attachment loss was detected in only ten students regardless of being smoker or non smoker.Finally, more studies are required about the effect of smoking on the periodontal health of young population.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

It has been shown that tobacco consumption is an important risk factor for the development of periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the periodontal health of the dental students and the influence of smoking on their periodontal health.148 dental student with an mean age of 20.62 ± 1.61 volunteered to the present study. Students were examined in five groups according to their year of attendance. The plaque index (PI), the gingival index (GI), the percentage of gingival bleeding (BOP (+) %), the calculus index (CI) and DMF scores for each individual were recorded. Probing depths (PD) and the loss of attachment (AL) measurements were performed. Frequency of tooth brushing per day, the quantity of cigarette consumption per day and the duration of being smoker etc. were also evaluated. The results were obtained with One way-ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis Test, Multiple Comparison Test and Mann Whitney U Test.While 73.6 % of dental students were non smokers, 26.4 % were smokers. 56.8 % was brushing their teeth twice in a day, of 32.4 % was once and 5.4 % was three- times. A significant reduction in the mean values of the PI and CI has been detected from the first year students to fifth year students. While no statistically significant differences were found in terms of their PI, GI, BOP (+) % and PD measurements between the non smoker and the smoker groups, in the smoker group, the mean of CI value was higher than the non smoker group. Subjects who smoked more than 10 cigarettes a day had the highest CI average, whereas smoking duration was not found effective on the periodontal parameters. Attachment loss was detected in only ten students regardless of being smoker or non smoker.Finally, more studies are required about the effect of smoking on the periodontal health of young population.

Özet

Tütün kullanımının periodontal hastalık için önemli bir risk faktörü olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, genç bireyleri hedefleyerek, diş hekimliği öğrencilerinde periodontal sağlığı ve sigara kullanımının periodontal sağlığa etkilerini belirlemekti. Çalışmaya Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Dişhekimliği Fakültesinde okuyan gönüllü 148 (yaş ortalaması 20.62 ± 1.61) öğrenci katıldı. Öğrenciler sınıflarına göre beş grupta toplandı. Tüm bireylerde plak indeksi (PI), gingival indeks (Gİ), dişeti kanaması varlığı % (DK (+) %), diştaşı indeksi (Dtl) skorları belirlendi ve dişeti cebi derinlikleri (CD) ve ataçman kaybı (AK) ölçümleri yapıldı. Her birey için fırçalama sıklığı, günde içilen sigara sayısı, içicilik süresi vb. kaydedildi. Sonuçlar tek yönlü varyans analizi, Kruskal Wallis varyans analizi, çoklu karşılaştırma testi ve Mann Whitney U Testi kullanılarak değerlendirildi.Bireylerin %73.6 sı sigara kullanmazken sigara kullananların oranı % 26.4 idi. Günde bir kez fırçalama oranı %32.4 iken, iki kez fırçalama oranı %56.8, üç kez fırçalama oranı %5.4 idi. Birinci sınıftan beşinci sınıfa Pİ ve Dtl ortalamalarında istatistiksel olarak önemli düşüş belirlendi. Sigara içen ve içmeyenler arasında Pt, Gİ, DK(+) % ve CD değerleri yönünden istatistiksel olarak önemli farklılık bulunmazken, Dtl ortalaması sigara içenlerde içmeyenlere oranla önemli artış gösterdi. Sigara içim süresi periodontal parametreler üzerine etkili bulunmazken günde 10 taneden fazla sigara içen bireyler en yüksek Dtl ortalamaları gösterdiler. Sigara içen ve içmeyen sadece on bireyde ataçman kaybı tespit edildi.. Sonuç olarak, gençlerde sigara içiminin periodontal sağlığa etkilerini değerlendirmeye yönelik daha fazla çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

🔖

Cite This Article

FENTOĞLU, Ö., BOZKURT, F. Y. (2022). Effect of cigarette smoking on periodontal health of dental students. Ankara Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 31 - Sayı: 2, 115–122. https://ajindex.com/articles/442225

References (17)

  1. Bergström J, Eliasson S. Cigarette smoking and alveoler bone height in subjects with high standart of oral hygiene. J Clin Periodontal. 1987;14:466-9
  2. Bergström J. Floderus-Myrhed B. Co-twin control study of relationship between smoking and some periodontal disease factors. Comm Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1983; 11: 113-6
  3. Haber J, Wattles J, Crowley M, Mandell R, Joshipura K, Kent RL. Evidence for cigarette smoking as a major risk factor periodontitis. J Periodontol. 1993; 64: 16-23
  4. Haber J, Kent RL. Cigarette smoking in a periodontal practise. J Periodontol. 1992; 63: 100-6
  5. Feldman RS, Bravacos JS, Rose CL. Assosiation between smoking different tobacco products and periodontol disease indexes. J Periodontol. 1983;54:481-8
  6. Bergstöm J, Eliasson S. Noxious effect of cigarette smoking on periodontal health. J Periodont Res. 1987; 22: 513-7
  7. Ismail Al, Burt BA, Eklund SA. Epidemiologic patterns of smoking and periodontol disease in the United States. J Am Dent Assoc. 1983; 106: 617-21
  8. Holm G. Smoking as a additional risk for tooth loss. J Periodontol. 1994; 65: 996-1001
  9. Boström L. Linder LE, Bergström J. Clinical expression of TNF-a in smoking associated periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol. 1998; 25: 767-73
  10. Boström L, Linder LE, Bergström J. Smoking and crevicular fluid levels of IL-6 and TNF-a in periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol. 1999; 26: 352-7
  11. Fredriksson M, Bergström K, Asman B. IL-8 and TNF-a from peripheral neutrophils and acute-phase proteins in periodontitis. Effect of cigarette smoking: a pilot study. J Clin Periodontol 2002; 29: 123-8
  12. Ah MKB, Johnson GK, Kaldahl WB, Patıl KD, Kalkwarf KL. The effect of smoking on the response to periodontal therapy. J Clin Periodontol. 1994; 21: 91-7
  13. Silverstein P. Smoking and wound healing. Am J Med. 1992; 93: 22-4
  14. Söder B, Jin LJ, Wickholm S. Granulocyte elastase, matrix metalloproteinase-8 and prostaglandin E2 in gingival crevicular fluid in matched clinical sites in smokers and non-smokers with persistent periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2002; 29: 384-91
  15. Austin GW, Cuenm MF, Hokett SD, Peacock ME, Sutherland DE, Erbland JF, Billman Effect of nicotine on fibroblast (3, integrin expression and distribution in vitro. J Periodontol 2001; 72: 438-44
  16. Persson L, Bergström J, fto H, Gustafsson A. Tobacco smoking and neutrophil activitiy in patients with periodontal disease. J Periodontol 2001;72:91-5
  17. Silness J, Löe H. Periodontal disease in pre