Journals / Abant Tıp Dergisi / 2015 / Cilt: 4 - Sayı: 3

Treatment experience with liposomal amphotericin B in pediatric patients with kala-azar

Kala-azarlı çocuk hastalarda lipozomal amfoterisin B ile tedavi deneyimi

Pages
222–229
Publication Date
2022-10-11
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Liposomal amphotericin B seems to be the effective therapy in the treatment of pediatric visceral leishmaniasis in Turkey.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:OBJECTIVE: Kala-azar is a multisystem infection of the reticuloendothelial system.
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Key Findings & Data:In our study, we aimed to present our 6 months of experience about treatment with liposomal amphotericin B of pediatric patients with kala-azar.METHODS: In this study, 6 consecutive cases of visceral leishmaniasis admitted to Mustafa Kemal University Medical Faculty Hospital between January 2014 and June 2014 were analysed retrospectively.
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Conclusion & Impact:Liposomal amphotericin B seems to be the effective therapy in the treatment of pediatric visceral leishmaniasis in Turkey.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2014 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Kala-azar · lipozomal amfoterisin B · Kala-azar

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Kala-azar is a multisystem infection of the reticuloendothelial system. It is characterized by prolonged fever, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, and hypergammaglobulinemia. The conventional treatment of kala-azar consists of pentavalent antimony compounds. Because of the resistance to drugs, including antimony, and the side effects of antimony compounds, liposomal amphotericin B therapy is now being used. In our study, we aimed to present our 6 months of experience about treatment with liposomal amphotericin B of pediatric patients with kala-azar.METHODS: In this study, 6 consecutive cases of visceral leishmaniasis admitted to Mustafa Kemal University Medical Faculty Hospital between January 2014 and June 2014 were analysed retrospectively. All patients with kala-azar were treated with liposomal amphotericin B AmBisome® .RESULTS: Bone marrow aspirate was obtained in all cases and Leishmania amastigotes were detected in all of them. Fever, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly were present in all cases. Anemia 100% and neutropenia 100% were the most frequent hematological finding. Hypergammaglobulinemia was noted in 5 cases. Severe Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis HLH secondary to visceral leishmaniasis revealed in 1 patients. Despite initiating appropriate antileishmanial and HLH 2004 protocol treatments, She died after 19 days of hospitalization due to acinetobacter septicemia. In 5 patients were finally cured. CONCLUSION: Kala-azar should be suspected in the differential diagnosis with prolonged fever, marked splenomegaly hepatomegaly, and cytopenia. Liposomal amphotericin B seems to be the effective therapy in the treatment of pediatric visceral leishmaniasis in Turkey.

Özet

AMAÇ: Kala-azar retikuloendotelial sistemin multisistemik enfeksiyonudur. Uzamış ateş, pansitopeni, hepatosplenomegali ve hipergamaglobulinemi ile karakterizedir. Kala-azar’da konvansiyonel tedavi pentavalan antimon bileşikleridir. Tedavide antimon içeren ilaçlara karşı direnç gelişmesi ve antimon bileşiklerinin yan etkileri nedeniyle lipozomal amfoterisin B kullanımı gündeme gelmiştir. Çalışmamızda kala-azarlı çocuk hastaların tedavisinde 6 aylık lipozomal amfoterisin B tedavisi deneyimlerimizi sunmayı amaçladık.YÖNTEMLER: Ocak 2014-Haziran 2014 tarihleri arasında Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi’nde tanı alan 6 visseral leishmaniasisli olgu retrospektif olarak incelendi. Tüm hastalar lipozomal amfoterisin B AmBisome® ile tedavi edildi.BULGULAR: Tüm hastalara kemik iliği aspirasyonu yapıldı ve tümünde Leishmania amastigotları görüldü. Olguların hepsinde ateş, hepatomegali ve splenomegali vardı. En sık hematolojik bulgu anemi %100 ve nötropeni %100 idi. Olguların beşinde hipergamaglobulinemi saptandı. Bir olguda visseral leishmaniasise sekonder ciddi Hemofagositik lenfohistiyositozis HLH saptandı. Uygun antileishmaniyal ve HLH 2004 protokolü tedavilerine rağmen hasta acinetobacter septisemisi nedeniyle hastaneye yatışının 19. gününde eksitus oldu. Beş hastada kür sağlandı. SONUÇ: Uzamış ateş, hepatosplenomegali ve sitopeni ile başvuran hastalarda kala-azar da ayırıcı tanıda akla gelmelidir. Türkiye’deki çocukluk çağı visseral leishmaniasis tedavisinde lipozomal amfoterisin B etkili bir tedavi gibi görünmektedir.

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Cite This Article

ÇULHA, G., GÜLKAN, B., ALTUNAY, A., AKOĞLU, F., YERAL, A., ACIPAYAM, C. (2022). Treatment experience with liposomal amphotericin B in pediatric patients with kala-azar. Abant Tıp Dergisi, Cilt: 4 - Sayı: 3, 222–229. https://ajindex.com/articles/427068

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