The study results show that the more learned languages are typologically close, the easier it is to learn.
📌 3 Key Takeaways
🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:In recent years, some studies have been conducted on the transfer of the first and second language to the third language in order to investigate cross-linguistic influence.
📊
Key Findings & Data:This study aims to analyse the causes of cross-linguistic effects by examining the transfer of L1 and L2 during the L3 acquisition.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The study results show that the more learned languages are typologically close, the easier it is to learn.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Language transfer · L2 acquisition · L3 acquisition
Abstract
In recent years, some studies have been conducted on the transfer of the first and second language to the third language in order to investigate cross-linguistic influence. This study aims to analyse the causes of cross-linguistic effects by examining the transfer of L1 and L2 during the L3 acquisition. A total of 7 individuals who learn Italian as L3 participated in the study. Individuals' attitudes in the classroom, writing examples and classroom conversations were examined, their opinions were taken and the effects of L1 and L2 on L3 were examined. The study results show that the more learned languages are typologically close, the easier it is to learn. It also demonstrates that there is no exact evidence in transfer between languages.
AKBULUT, F. D. (2020). The effect of first and second language on the third language: An observational study. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, Cilt: 6 - Sayı: 3, 294–310. https://ajindex.com/articles/414622
Anderson, R. (1983). Transfer to somewhere. In S. Gass & L. Selinker (Eds.), Language transfer in language learning (pp. 177-201).
Rowley, MA: Newbury House. Bardel, C., & Falk, Y. (2012). Behind the L2 status factor: A neurolinguistic framework for L3 research. In J. C. Cabrelli Amaro, S. Flynn, & J. Rothman (Eds.), Third language acquisition in adulthood (pp. 61-78).
Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins Publishing. Bardel, C. & Falk, Y. (2007). The role of the second language in third language acquisition: The case of Germanic syntax. Second Language Research 23(4): 459-484.
Cenoz, J. (2001). The effect of linguistic distance, L2 status and age on cross-linguistic influence in third language acquisition. Cross-linguistic influence in third language acquisition: Psycholinguistic perspectives, 111(45), 8-20.
Chen, J. (2018). How do L3 words find conceptual parasitic hosts in typologically distant L1 or L2? Evidence from a cross-linguistic priming effect. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 1-16.
Cook, V. (1995). Multi-competence and the learning of many languages. In M. Bensoussan, I. Kreindler, & E. Aogáin (Eds.), Multilingualism and language learning: 8, 2. Language, Culture and Curriculum (pp. 93-98).
Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters. De Angelis, G., & Selinker, L. (2001). Interlanguage transfer and competing linguistic systems in the multilingual mind. In J. Cenoz, B. Hufeisen, & U. Jessner (Eds.), Cross-linguistic influence in third language acquisition: Psycholinguistic perspectives (pp. 42-58).
Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters. Dewaele, J. (2001). Activation or inhibition? The interaction of L1, L2 and L3 on the language mode continuum. In J. Cenoz, B. Hufeisen, & U. Jessner (Eds.), Cross-linguistic influence in third language acquisition: Psycholinguistic perspectives (pp. 69-89).
Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters. Duff, A. P. (2008). Case study research in applied linguistics. New York: Lawrence Erlbaum. Efeoglu, G., Yüksel, H. G., & Baran, S. (2019). Lexical cross-linguistic influence: a study of three multilingual learners of L3 English. International Journal of Multilingualism, 1-17.
Flynn, S., Foley, C., & Vinnitskaya, I. (2004). The cumulative-enhancement model for language acquisition: Comparing adults’ and children’s patterns of development in first, second and third language acquisition of relative clauses. The International Journal of Multilingualism, 1(3). Fuller, J. (1999). Between three languages: