Journals / Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi / 2026 / Sayı: 48

POSITIVE VOICE BEHAVIOR AS A MEDIATOR WITHIN THE IMPACT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL ON WORK ENGAGEMENT

PSİKOLOJİK SERMAYENİN İŞE ANGAJE OLMA ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNDE POZİTİF SES ÇIKARTMA DAVRANIŞININ ARACILIK ROLÜ

Pages
185–202
Publication Date
2022-01-01
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Finally, it has been concluded that positive voice behavior plays a partial mediating role in the effect of psychological capital on work engagement.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Human capital is a rare and inimitable strategic resource for businesses to gain sustainable competitive advantage.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Thus, it is significant to ameliorate and develop the psychological capacities of employees in showing their performance towards the goals of the businesses.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Finally, it has been concluded that positive voice behavior plays a partial mediating role in the effect of psychological capital on work engagement.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Psikolojik sermaye · İşe Angaje Olma · Pozitif Ses Çıkartma Davranışı

Abstract

Human capital is a rare and inimitable strategic resource for businesses to gain sustainable competitive advantage. Thus, it is significant to ameliorate and develop the psychological capacities of employees in showing their performance towards the goals of the businesses. In this sense, the concepts of psychological capital and work engagement, which allow the measurement of the psychological capacities of employees, stand out. The relationship between these two variables has been mostly examined in the relevant literature; however, it has been drawn attention to determine the deficiency of the mediator variable that causes the relationship. Moreover, it has been observed in the literature that these two variables are predicted by positive voice behavior. From this point of view, 375 participants were reached using the snowball sampling technique and the statistical analysis of the obtained data was carried out. As a result of the analysis, it has been seen that psychological capital has a positive and significant effect on work engagement and positive voice behavior. Additionally, it has been determined that positive voice behavior has a positive and significant effect on work engagement. Finally, it has been concluded that positive voice behavior plays a partial mediating role in the effect of psychological capital on work engagement.

Özet

Beşerî sermaye, sürdürülebilir rekabet avantajı elde etmede işletmeler için nadir ve taklit edilemez stratejik bir kaynaktır. Bu nedenle çalışanların, işletmenin amaçlarına yönelik performans göstermesinde psikolojik kapasitelerinin iyileştirilmesi ve geliştirilmesi önemlidir. Bu bağlamda, çalışanların psikolojik kapasitelerinin ölçümüne olanak sağlayan psikolojik sermaye ve işe angaje olma kavramları ön plana çıkmaktadır. İlgili literatürde bu iki değişken arasındaki ilişki birçok kez incelenmiş; ancak, ilişkiye sebebiyet veren aracı değişkenin tespitine yönelik eksiklik fark edilmiştir. Ayrıca literatürde, bu iki değişkeni, pozitif ses çıkartma davranışının yordadığı gözlemlenmiştir. Buradan hareketle gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada kartopu örneklem tekniğiyle 375 katılımcıya ulaşılmış ve elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda, psikolojik sermayenin işe angaje olma ve pozitif ses çıkartma davranışı üzerinde pozitif ve anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte, pozitif ses çıkartma davranışının işe angaje olma üzerinde pozitif ve anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Son olarak, psikolojik sermayenin işe angaje olma üzerindeki etkisinde pozitif ses çıkartma davranışının kısmi aracılık rolü üstlendiği sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Yeşilkuş, F., Özbozkurt, O. B., Korkmazyürek, H. (2022). POSITIVE VOICE BEHAVIOR AS A MEDIATOR WITHIN THE IMPACT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL ON WORK ENGAGEMENT. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Sayı: 48, 185–202. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.949035

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (107)

  1. Alshammari, H. (2015). Workplace productivity through employee workforce engagement: A review study. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 6(12), 156-160.
  2. Altınay, A., Mercan, N., Aksanyar, Y. & Sert, S. (2012). İşletme körlüğü, silo sendromu ve çözüm önerisi olarak örgütsel zekâ. Organizasyon ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), 13-19.
  3. Asbari, M., Prasetya, A. B., Santoso, P. B. & Purwanto, A. (2021). From creativity to innovation: The role of female employees’ psychological capital. International Journal of Social and Management Studies, 2(2), 66-77
  4. Avey, J. B., Avolio, B. J. & Luthans, F. (2011). Experimentally analyzing the impact of leader positivity on follower positivity and performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(2), 282-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.02.004
  5. Bakker, A. B., Albrecht, S. L. & Leiter, M. P. (2011). Key questions regarding work engagement. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 20(1), 4-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2010.485352
  6. Baltacı, A. (2018). Nitel araştırmalarda örnekleme yöntemleri ve örnek hacmi sorunsalı üzerine kavramsal bir inceleme. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(1), 231-274.
  7. Baran, M. & Sypniewska, B. (2020). The impact of management methods on employee engagement. Sustainability, 12(1), 426-440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010426
  8. Baron, R. M. & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.51.6.1173
  9. Barney, J. B. (1986). Organizational culture: Can it be a source of sustained competitive advantage? Academy of Management Review, 11(3), 656-665. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1986.4306261
  10. Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F014920639101700108
  11. Barney, J. B. (2001a). Is the resource-based “view” a useful perspective for strategic management research? Yes. The Academy of Management Review, 26(1), 41-56. https://doi.org/10.2307/259393
  12. Barney, J. B. (2001b). Resource-based theories of competitive advantage: A ten-year retrospective on the resource-based view. Journal of Management, 27(6), 643-650. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F014920630102700602
  13. Barney, J. B. & Clark, D. N. (2007). Resource-based theory: Creating and sustaining competitive advantage. Oxford University Press on Demand.
  14. Barney, J. B. & Zajac, E. J. (1994). Competitive organizational behavior: Toward an organizationally based theory of competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 15(1), 5-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250150902
  15. Barney, J. B., Della Corte, V., Sciarelli, M. & Arıkan, A. (2012). The role of resource-based theory in strategic management studies: Managerial implications and hints for research. Handbook of Research on Competitive Strategy, 109-146.
  16. Bedarkar, M. & Pandita, D. (2014). A study on the drivers of employee engagement impacting employee performance. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 133, 106-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.04.174
  17. Bilginoğlu E. & Yozgat, U. (2019). Ultra-kısa işe angaje olma ölçeği Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 7(5), 2863-2872. http://dx.doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v7i5.1354
  18. Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş. & Demirel, F. (2018). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Pegem Akademi.
  19. Chaurasia, S. & Shukla, A. (2014). Psychological capital, LMX, employee engagement & work role performance. The Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 50(2), 342-356.
  20. Chen, Q., Wen, Z., Kong, Y., Niu, J. & Hau, K.-T. (2017). Influence of leaders’ psychological capital on their followers: Multilevel mediation effect of organizational identification. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01776
  21. Cheng, J.-W., Lu, K.-M., Chang, Y.-Y. & Johnstone, S. (2012). Voice behavior and work engagement: the moderating role of supervisor-attributed motives. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 51(1), 81-102. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7941.2012.00030.x
  22. Child, J. & McGrath, R. G. (2001). Organizations unfettered: Organizational form in an information-intensive economy. Academy of Management Journal, 44(6), 1135–1148. https://doi.org/10.5465/3069393
  23. Civelek, M. (2018). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesi metodolojisi. Beta Yayınevi.
  24. Costantini, A., De Paola, F., Ceschi, A., Sartori, R., Meneghini, A. M. & Di Fabio, A. (2017). Work engagement and psychological capital in the Italian public administration: A new resource-based intervention programme. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 43(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v43i0.1413
  25. Çankır, B. & Semiz Çelik, D. (2018). Çalışan performansı ve mali performans: Pozitif ses çıkarma, psikolojik iyi-oluş ve çalışmaya tutkunluk ile ilişkileri ve otel işletmeleri örneği. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 5(2), 54-67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.387588
  26. Çankır, B. & Yener, S. (2017). İş’te pozitif davranış. Çizgi Kitabevi.
  27. Çankır, B. (2016). Çalışanlarda pozitif ses çıkartma davranışı nasıl oluşur? Örgütsel güven, psikolojik sözleşme ihlali, lider-üye etkileşimi ile pozitif ses çıkartma davranışı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Kırklareli Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 1-12.
  28. Çelik Ağırman, Ü. H. & Naktiyok, A. (2018). Psikolojik sermaye ve profesyonellik ilişkisinde işe angaje olmanın düzenleyici rolü. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 22 (Özel Sayı), 2665-2683.
  29. Çetin, F. & Basım, H. N. (2012). Örgütsel psikolojik sermaye: Bir ölçek uyarlama çalışması. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 45(1), 121-137.
  30. Çiftçi, D. O. & Erkanlı, H. (2020). Mediating role of the positive psychological capital on the relation between the authentic leadership style and employees’ work engagement: An applied study on hospitality industry. Business & Economics Research Journal, 11(2), 461-478. http://dx.doi.org/10.20409/berj.2020.261
  31. Daft, L. R. (2010). Organization theory and design. South-Western, Cengage Learning Library of Congress Control.
  32. Dowding, K. (2015). Albert O. Hirschman, exit, voice and loyalty: Responses to decline in firms, organizations, and states. In M. Lodge, E. C. Page & S. J. Balla (Eds;) The Oxford Handbook of Classics in Public Policy and Administration, 1-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199646135.013.30
  33. Erbaşı, A. & Özbek, M. C. (2016). The effect of psychological capital on work engagement. Australian Academy of Business and Economics Review, 2(4), 276-284.
  34. Fossas Olalla, M. (1999). The resource-based theory and human resources. International Advances in Economic Research, 5(1), 84-92. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02295034
  35. Girgin, M. S. (2019). Kişilik ve öz yeterliliğin çalışan sesliliğine etkisinde iş güvencesizliğinin düzenleyici rolü (Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi).
  36. Gleeson, E. (2016). Re-conceptualising Hirschman’s exit, voice & loyalty model for contemporary organisational contexts (Master of Business Thesis, University of Notre Dame). https://researchonline.nd.edu.au/theses/134
  37. González-Romá, V., Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B. & Lloret, S. (2006). Burnout and work engagement: Independent factors or opposite poles? Journal of Vocational Behavior, 68(1), 165–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2005.01.003
  38. Gu, B. (2016). Effects of psychological capital on employee turnover intentions: A study based on Hai Di Lao Hot Pot. Journal of Global Tourism Research, 1(1), 21-28.
  39. Gürbüz, S. & Şahin, F. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  40. Güzel, Ş. & Uyar, S. (2019). İşe angaje olmak kavramı, tükenmişlik ile ilişkisi ve sonuçları. Sosyal Araştırmalar ve Yönetim Dergisi, (1), 44-52. https://doi.org/10.35375/sayod.535183
  41. Handoyo, S. & Ardi, R. (2020). The role of psychological capital on employee voice: Conservation resources framework. Journal of Educational, Health and Community Psychology, 9(2), 184-195.
  42. Hirschman, A. O. (1970). Exit, voice, and loyalty: Responses to decline in firms, organizations, and states. Harvard University Press, 272-275.
  43. Hirschman, A. O. (1980). Exit, voice, and loyalty: Further reflections and a survey of recent contributions. The Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly: Health and Society, 58(3), 430-453. https://doi.org/10.2307/3349733
  44. Huefner, J. C. & Hunt, H. K. (1994). Extending the Hirschman model: when voice and exit don’t tell the whole story. Journal of Consumer Satisfaction, Dissatisfaction and Complaining Behavior, 7(1), 267-270.
  45. İnce, M., Yeşilkuş, F. & Özbozkurt, O. B. (2020). İşe bağlılığın işte kalma niyeti üzerindeki etkisinde iş gören sesliliğinin aracılık rolü. Researcher: Social Sciences Studies, 8(2), 238-256. https://doi.org/10.29228/rssstudies.43779
  46. Kabakçı Yurdakul, I. (2013). Evren ve örneklem. İçinde A. A. Kurt (Ed.), Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri (ss. 75-91). Anadolu Üniversitesi.
  47. Karatepe, O. M. & Karadaş, G. (2015). Do psychological capital and work engagement foster frontline employees’ satisfaction? International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(6), 1254-1278. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-01-2014-0028
  48. Kaya Özbağ, G. (2016). Rekabet avantajı yaratmada iki temel yaklaşım; kaynak tabanlı ve endüstri tabanlı yönetim model. Yeni Türkiye, 88, 888-899.
  49. Keleş, H. N. (2011). Pozitif psikolojik sermaye: tanımı, bileşenleri ve örgüt yönetimine etkileri. Organizasyon ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(2), 343-350.
  50. Kodaş, B. (2018). Yiyecek içecek çalışanlarının pozitif psikolojik sermayeleri ile işe angaje olma davranışları arasındaki ilişki. Kırklareli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(1), 1-14.
  51. Köse, A. (2015). İşe angaje olma ile örgütsel destek algısı ve örgüt iklimi arasındaki ilişki: Kahramanmaraş ili örneği (Doktora Tezi, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi).
  52. Kraaijenbrink, J. (2011). Human capital in the resource-based view. Oxford Handbooks Online, 1-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199532162.003.0009
  53. Kwon, B., Farndale, E. & Park, J. G. (2016). Employee voice and work engagement: Macro, meso, and micro-level drivers of convergence? Human Resource Management Review, 26(4), 327-337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2016.04.005
  54. Luthans, F. (2002). The need for and meaning of positive organizational behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23(6), 695-706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/job.165
  55. Luthans, F., Avey, J. B., Avolio, B. J. & Peterson, S. J. (2010). The development and resulting performance impact of positive psychological capital. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 21(1), 41-67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.20034
  56. Luthans, F., Luthans, K. W. & Luthans, B. C. (2004). Positive psychological capital: Beyond human and social capital. Business Horizons, 47(1), 45-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2003.11.007
  57. Luthans, F., Vogelgesang, G. R. & Lester, P. B. (2006). Developing the psychological capital of resiliency. Human Resource Development Review, 5(1), 25-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.117711534484305285335
  58. Luthans, F., Avolio, B. J., Avey, J. B. & Norman, S. M. (2007). Positive psychological capital: Measurement and relationship with performance and satisfaction. Personnel Psychology, 60(3), 541-572.
  59. Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M. & Avolio, B. J. (2015). Psychological capital and beyond. Oxford University Press, USA.
  60. Madhani, P. M. (2010). Resource based view (RBV) of competitive advantage: an overview. Resource Based View: Concepts and Practices, 3-22.
  61. Mahoney, J. T. & Pandian, J. R. (1992). The resource‐based view within the conversation of strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 13(5), 363-380. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250130505
  62. Maslach, C. & Leiter, M. P. (1997). The truth about burnout: How organizations cause personal stress and what to do about it. John Wiley & Sons.
  63. Maynes, T. D. & Podsakoff, P. M. (2014). Speaking more broadly: An examination of the nature, antecedents, and consequences of an expanded set of employee voice behaviors. Journal of Applied Psychology, 99(1), 87-112 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0034284
  64. Moçoşoğlu, B. (2019). Okullardaki iş yeri ruhsallığı, örgütsel sessizlik ve seslilik arasındaki ilişki (Doktora Tezi, Harran Üniversitesi).
  65. Niswaty, R., Wirawan, H., Akib, H., Saggaf, M. S. & Daraba, D. (2021). Investigating the effect of authentic leadership and employees’ psychological capital on work engagement: Evidence from Indonesia. Heliyon, 7(5), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06992
  66. Nişancı, Z. N., Damar, A., Güney, A. & Kara, D. S. (2019). Psikolojik sermayenin işe angaje olma ve örgütsel destek üzerindeki etkisi. Business and Organization Research International Conference, 63-73.
  67. Ocak, M. Güler, M. & Basım, H. N. (2016). Psikolojik sermayenin örgütsel bağlılık ve iş tatmini tutumları üzerine etkisi: Bosnalı öğretmenler üzerine bir araştırma. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(1), 113-130. http://dx.doi.org/10.18074/cnuiibf.274
  68. Oruç, E. (2018). Psikolojik sermaye ölçeği kısa formunun Türkçe uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Electronic Turkish Studies, 13(14), 141-151. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.
  69. Osborne, J. W. (2014). Best practices in exploratory factor analysis. Scotts Valley, CA: CreateSpace Independent Publishing.
  70. Osborne, S. & Hammoud, M. S. (2017). Effective employee engagement in the workplace. International Journal of Applied Management and Technology, 16(1), 50-67. https://doi.org/10.5590/IJAMT.2017.16.1.04
  71. Özdamar, K. (2017). Eğitim, sağlık ve davranış bilimlerinde ölçek ve test geliştirme: Yapısal eşitlik modellemesi. Nisan Kitabevi.
  72. Özgül, B. & Mengi, B. T. (2018). İşletme körlüğü ve çözüm önerisi olarak güvenilir danışman iç denetim. Muhasebe ve Denetime Bakış, 18(54), 125-138.
  73. Özkalp, E. & Meydan, B. (2015). Schaufeli ve Bakker tarafindan geliştirilmiş olan işe angaje olma ölçeğinin Türkçe’de güvenilirlik ve geçerliliğinin analizi. Endüstri İlişkileri ve İnsan Kaynakları Dergisi, 17(3), 1-19.
  74. Paek, S., Schuckert, M., Kim, T. T. & Lee, G. (2015). Why is hospitality employees’ psychological capital important? The effects of psychological capital on work engagement and employee morale. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 50, 9-26.
  75. Peteraf, M. A. (1993). The cornerstones of competitive advantage: a resource‐based view. Strategic Management Journal, 14(3), 179-191. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250140303
  76. Purwanto, A., Asbari, M., Hartuti, H., Setiana, Y. N. & Fahmi, K. (2021). Effect of psychological capital and authentic leadership on innovation work behavior. International Journal of Social and Management Studies, 2(1), 1-13.
  77. Rizvi, S. T. H. (2016). The effect of psychological capital on employees’ voice and loyalty responses to organizational injustice-a two-dimensional approach. Journal of Managerial Sciences, 1, 151-175.
  78. Robertson, I. T. & Cooper, C. L. (2010). Full engagement: the integration of employee engagement and psychological well‐being. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 31(4), 324–336. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731011043348
  79. Sakız, H. (2015). Betimleyici istatistik. İçinde A. Aypay (Ed.), Araştırma Yöntemleri: Desen ve Analiz (ss. 434-472), Anı Yayıncılık.
  80. Schaufeli, W. B. & A. Bakker (2004). UWES Utrecht work engagement scale. Occupational Health Psychology Unit, Utrecht University, 1-60. https://www.wilmarschaufeli.nl/publications/Schaufeli/Test%20Manuals/Test_manual_UWES_English.pdf
  81. Schaufeli, W. B. & Bakker, A. B. (2010). Defining and measuring work engagement, bringing clarity to the concept. İçinde A. B. Bakker & M. P. Leiter (Eds;), Work Engagement, A Handbook of Essential Theory and Research (ss. 10-24), New York Psychology Press
  82. Schaufeli, W. B. & Salanova, M. (2007). Efficacy or inefficacy, that’s the question: Burnout and work engagement, and their relationships with efficacy beliefs. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 20(2), 177-196. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615800701217878
  83. Schaufeli, W. B. (2013). What is engagement? In C. Truss, K. Alfes, R. Delbridge, A. Shantz, & E. Soane (Eds.), Employee Engagement in Theory and Practice. Routledge.
  84. Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., González-Romá, V. & Bakker, A. B. (2002). The measurement of engagement and burnout: a two-sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. Journal of Happiness Studies, 3(1), 71-92. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015630930326
  85. Schaufeli, W. B., Taris, T. W. & Van Rhenen, W. (2008). Workaholism, burnout, and work engagement: Three of a kind or three different kinds of employee well‐being?. Applied Psychology, 57(2), 173-203. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00285.x Seligman, M. E. P. & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5-14. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.5
  86. Sihag, P. & Sarikwal, L. (2014). Impact of psychological capital on employee engagement: A study of IT professionals in Indian context. Management Studies and Economic Systems, 1(2), 127-139.
  87. Soni, K., & Rastogi, R. (2019). Psychological capital augments employee engagement. Psychological Studies, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12646-019-00499-x
  88. Sutrisno, M. B. & Parahyanti, E. (2018). The impact of psychological capital and work meaningfulness on work engagement in generation Y. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 139, 53-58.
  89. Süer, C. & Keçeci, M. (2018). The moderating effect of supervisory responsiveness on the relationship between leader member exchange quality and voice behavior. International Journal of Social Science, 66(2), 433-445. http://dx.doi.org/10.9761/JASSS7537
  90. Sweetman, D. & Luthans, F. (2010). The power of positive psychology: Psychological capital and work engagement. In A. B. Bakker & M. P. Leiter (Eds.) Work engagement: A handbook of essential theory and research (pp. 54-68), Psychology Press.
  91. Şencan, H. (2005). Sosyal ve davranışsal ölçümlerde güvenilirlik ve geçerlilik. Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  92. Şener, E., Çetinkaya, F. F., Yüksel, A. N. & Akkoca, Y. (2018). Pozitif ses çıkartma davranışının öncülü olarak iletişim doyumu. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20(2), 165-175.
  93. Şimşek, Y. & Gürler, M. (2019). A Study on employee voice and its effect on work engagement: explicating from the Turkish Teachers’ perspectives. International Education Studies, 12(7), 80-92. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v12n7p80
  94. Tokmak, M. (2019). İşlemsel ve ilişkisel psikolojik sözleşmenin iş görenlerin pozitif ses davranışı üzerindeki etkisine yönelik ampirik bir araştırma. Bingöl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9(17), 587-604.
  95. Tran, Q. (2018). Employee engagement: How does the organization increase engagement? From the viewpoint of HR representatives in Finland (Master’s Thesis, Åbo Academy University).
  96. Turgut, T. & Agun, H. (2016). The relationship between organizational justice and organizational cynicism the mediating role of psychological capital and employee voice. Journal of Behavior at Work, 1(1), 15-26.
  97. Türkoğlu, N. & Misican, D. Ö. (2019). Çalışanların psikolojik rahatlık algısı, pozitif ses çıkarma davranışı ve işten ayrılma niyeti ilişkisi üzerine ampirik bir çalışma. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(2), 998-1010. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2019.651
  98. Ural, A. & Kılıç, İ. (2013). Bilimsel araştırma süreci ve SPSS ile veri analizi. Detay Yayıncılık.
  99. Van Dyne, L. & LePine, J. A. (1998). Helping and voice extra-role behaviors: evidence of construct and predictive validity. Academy of Management Journal, 41(1), 108-119. https://doi.org/10.2307/256902
  100. Vance, R. J. (2006). Employee engagement and commitment. SHRM Foundation, 1-53.
  101. Wang, Y., Zheng, Y. & Zhu, Y. (2018). How transformational leadership influences employee voice behavior: The roles of psychological capital and organizational identification. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 46(2), 313-321. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.6619
  102. Wardani, L. M. I. & Anwar, M. S. (2019). The role of quality of work life as mediator: Psychological capital and work engagement. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, 7(6), 447-463.
  103. Wirawan, H., Jufri, M. & Saman, A. (2020). The effect of authentic leadership and psychological capital on work engagement: the mediating role of job satisfaction. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-10-2019-0433
  104. Yeşilkuş, F. & Özbozkurt, O. B. (2020). A contemporary management practice: Mindfulness in the work settings. European Journal of Educational and Social Sciences, 5(2), 145-158.
  105. Yılmaz, V. & Dalbudak, Z. İ. (2018). Aracı değişken etkisinin incelenmesi: Yüksek hızlı tren işletmeciliği üzerine bir uygulama. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 14(2), 517-534.
  106. Yurdakal, İ. H. & Kırmızı, F. S. (2019). Okumaya yönelik tutum ölçeği güvenirlik ve geçerlik çalışması. Elementary Education Online, 18(2), 714-733. https://doi.org/10.17051/ilkonline.2019.562036
  107. Zuberbühler, M. J. P., Calcagni, C. C., Martínez, I. M. & Salanova, M. (2021). Development and validation of the coaching-based leadership scale and its relationship with psychological capital, work engagement, and performance. Current Psychology, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01460-w