Journals / Şişli Etfal Hastanesi Tıp Bülteni / 2014 / Cilt: 48 - Sayı: 4

The effect of topical applications performed after subcutaneous heparin injection on development of bruise and hematoma

Subkutan heparin enjeksiyonu sonrası yapılan topikal uygulamaların ekimoz ve hematom gelişimine etkisi

Pages
296–302
DOI
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⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

When the difference among them was compared with the control group, the difference was significant (p<0.001) in alum and adrenaline groups but was insignificant in vitamin K group (p<0.05).Conclusion: It was determined that adrenaline, aluminum-potassium-sulphate, and Vitamin K administered topically are not effective to prevent the progress of the bruising which appear after subcutaneous heparin injection.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: Bruising and hematoma, which appear after the subcutaneous heparin injection, are local side effects of heparin.
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Key Findings & Data:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Vitamin K, adrenaline, and aluminum-potassium-sulphate, which are topically administered on injection area, on development of the bruising and the hematoma caused by the subcutaneous heparin injection.Material and Method: The study was conducted as single group post-test experimental model with control group. 80 patients, who were receiving subcutaneous heparin treatment, were included in the study.
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Conclusion & Impact:When the difference among them was compared with the control group, the difference was significant (p<0.001) in alum and adrenaline groups but was insignificant in vitamin K group (p<0.05).Conclusion: It was determined that adrenaline, aluminum-potassium-sulphate, and Vitamin K administered topically are not effective to prevent the progress of the bruising which appear after subcutaneous heparin injection.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Objective: Bruising and hematoma, which appear after the subcutaneous heparin injection, are local side effects of heparin. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Vitamin K, adrenaline, and aluminum-potassium-sulphate, which are topically administered on injection area, on development of the bruising and the hematoma caused by the subcutaneous heparin injection.Material and Method: The study was conducted as single group post-test experimental model with control group. 80 patients, who were receiving subcutaneous heparin treatment, were included in the study. Subcutaneous heparin was injected on abdominal area of the patients once a day; and after the injection, one of Vitamin K, adrenaline or aluminum-potassium-sulphate determined via randomization was topically administered on the area. On the follow-up days, other methods, which had not been applied before, were applied on the same patient after injection. Following one of the injections, the area was supported with only dry cotton and this area was accepted as the control group. While aluminum-potassium-sulphate was directly administered, Vitamin K and adrenaline was administered by impregnating cotton. The measurement of bruising areas, which appear on injection areas, was made in 48 hours after each injection.Results: Examining demographic characteristics of individuals included in the study; majority was males and the iraverageage was determined as 62.82±11.9.Comparing the measurements of bruising areas of the control group with methods, applied after injection; it was determined that bruising size of the control group was 1.4±2.8 mm2 on average, bruising size of the adrenalin group was 6.3±4.6 mm2, bruising size of the alum group was 3.2±3.3 mm2, and bruising size of the Vitamin K group was 1.4±2.9 mm2. When the difference among them was compared with the control group, the difference was significant (p<0.001) in alum and adrenaline groups but was insignificant in vitamin K group (p<0.05).Conclusion: It was determined that adrenaline, aluminum-potassium-sulphate, and Vitamin K administered topically are not effective to prevent the progress of the bruising which appear after subcutaneous heparin injection.

Özet

Amaç: Subkutan heparin enjeksiyonu sonrası oluşan ekimoz ve hematom heparinin lokal yan etkilerindendir. Bu çalışma, subkutan heparin enjeksiyonuna bağlı oluşabilen ekimoz ve hematom gelişimine topikal olarak enjeksiyon alanına uygulanan K vitamininin, adrenalinin ve alüminyum potasyum sülfatın etkisinin araştırılması amacı ile yapılmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma tek grup son test yöntemi ile kontrol gruplu ve deneysel olarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya subkutan heparin tedavisi alan 80 hasta alınmıştır. Hastalara günde bir kez abdominal bölgeden subkutan heparin enjeksiyonu yapılmış ve enjeksiyon sonrası bölgeye randomizasyonla belirlenen, K vitamini, adrenalin ya da alüminyum potasyum sülfattan biri topikal olarak uygulanmıştır. Aynı hastaya takip eden günlerde, önceden uygulanmayan diğer yöntemler enjeksiyon sonrası uygulanmıştır. Enjeksiyonların birinden sonra ise bölge yalnızca kuru pamukla desteklenmiş ve bu alan kontrol grubu olarak kabul edilmiştir. Alüminyum potasyum sülfat doğrudan, K vitamini ve adrenalin pamuğa emdirilerek uygulanmıştır. Her enjeksiyondan 48 saat sonra bölgede gelişen ekimoz alanlarının ölçümü yapılmıştır.Bulgular: Araştımaya alınan bireylerin tanıtıcı özellikleri incelendiğinde çoğunluğunu erkekler oluşturmaktadır ve yaş ortalamaları 62.82±11.9 olarak saptanmıştır. Enjeksiyon sonrası uygulanan yöntemlerle, kontrol grubunun ekimoz alanlarının ölçümleri karşılaştırıldığında; kontrol grubunun ekimoz büyüklüğü ortalama 1.4±2.8 mm2, adrenalin uygulanan grubun ekimoz büyüklüğü 6.3±4.6 mm2, alüminyum potasyum sülfat uygulanan alanların ekimoz büyüklüğü 3.2±3.3 mm2, K vitamini uygulanan alanların ekimoz büyüklüğü ise 1.4±2.9 mm2 olarak saptanmıştır. Aralarındaki fark kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında adrenalin ve alüminyum potasyum sülfatta anlamlı (p<0.001), K vitamininde anlamsız olarak (p<0.05) bulunmuştur.Sonuç: Subkutan heparin enjeksiyonu sonrası ekimoz gelişimini önlemede topikal uygulanan adrenalinin, alimünyum potasyum sülfatın ve K vitamininin etkili olmadığı bulunmuştur.

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Cite This Article

DURSUN, M., AKPINAR, R. B. (2014). The effect of topical applications performed after subcutaneous heparin injection on development of bruise and hematoma. Şişli Etfal Hastanesi Tıp Bülteni, Cilt: 48 - Sayı: 4, 296–302. https://ajindex.com/articles/363806

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