Journals / Şişli Etfal Hastanesi Tıp Bülteni / 2017 / Cilt: 51 - Sayı: 4

Yenidoğan mortalitesinin nadir bir nedeni: Uzun QT sendromu

A Rare Cause of Neonatal Death: Long QT Syndrome

Pages
329–333
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Also interventional procedures may be considered in severe cases resistant to medical treatments.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: Long QT syndrome is a rare syndrome with a high mortality rate in neonatal period.
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Key Findings & Data:Case: A newborn delivered at 41th week of pregnancy by cesarean delivery with a birth weight of 3460 grams was admitted to the emeregency outpatient clinic at postnatal seventh day with complaints of breastfeeding difficulty and cyanosis.
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Conclusion & Impact:Also interventional procedures may be considered in severe cases resistant to medical treatments.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Objective: Long QT syndrome is a rare syndrome with a high mortality rate in neonatal period. We report a newborn who was admitted to the outpatient clinic with complaints of cyanosis and breastfeeding difficulties, diagnosed as ventricular tachycardia due to long QT syndrome with no response to the treatment, and evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in the context of current literature. Case: A newborn delivered at 41th week of pregnancy by cesarean delivery with a birth weight of 3460 grams was admitted to the emeregency outpatient clinic at postnatal seventh day with complaints of breastfeeding difficulty and cyanosis. Newborn was in a poor general condition with impaired peripherical circulation, with respiratory rate 80/min, heart rate 280/min, and oxygen saturation 60%. The newborn was intubated and admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Electrical cardioversion at 1 joule/kg was performed due to ventricular tachycardia (VT) detected at electrocardiography (ECG). After restoration of sinus rhythm, corrected QT (QTc) interval was measured as 0.53 sec. Echocardiography was performed and no structural cardiac anomaly was detected but severe mitral and tricuspid valve regurgitations were present and the ejection fraction (EF) was 30%. Because of recurrence of ventricular tachycardia (VT), synchronized cardioversion at 1 joule/kg and 2 joule/kg were performed, followed by lidocaine therapy when no response was obtained. Due to the resistant VT, amiodarone, flecainide and esmolol were administered subsequently. Patient failed to respond to any antiarrhythmic treatment and was lost on day 3 of follow-up, after emerging ventricular fibrillation.Conclusion: Long QT syndrome is a rare disease with high mortality in the newborn. Early diagnosis may help in terms of treatment but the main prognostic factors are the length of QT interval and the associated structural anomalies. Screening of newborns with risk factors by electrocardiography is controversial, but it may be considered in cases with determined risk factors. Also interventional procedures may be considered in severe cases resistant to medical treatments.

Özet

Amaç: Uzun QT sendromu yenidoğan döneminde nadir görülen mortalitesi yüksek bir sendromdur. Olgumuz yenidoğan polikliniğine morarma ve emmede azalma şikayeti ile getirilen, uzun QT'ye bağlı venriküler taşikardisi gelişen ve tedaviye yanıt alınamayan hastada gerçekleştirilen tanısal ve tedavisel yaklaşımların güncel literatür eşliğinde tartışılması amacıyla sunuldu.Olgu: 41 gestasyonel haftasında sezaryen ile 3460 gr doğan bebek, postnatal 7. gününde emmede azalma ve morarma nedeniyle acil polikliniğimize getirildi. Genel durumu kötü, periferik dolaşımı bozuk, solunum sayısı 80/dk, kalp tepe atımı ise 280/dk, oksijen saturasyonu %60 olan hasta entübe edilerek yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitemize alındı. Elektrokardiyogramında ventriküler taşikardisi saptanan (VT) hastaya 1j/kg kardiyoversiyon uygulandı. Sinüs ritmine döndükten sonra çekilen EKG'sinde düzeltilmiş QT süresi 53 sn saptandı. Ekokardiyografisinde; yapısal anomali izlenmemekle beraber ejeksiyon fraksiyonu %30, önemli mitral ve triküspit yetmezliği saptandı. VT'si devam eden hastaya 1 joule/kg ve 2 joule/kg'dan senkronize kardiyoversiyon yapıldı ve cevap alınamayınca lidokain tedavisi başalndı. Ventriküler taşikardisi dirençli seyreden hastaya amiadoron, flekainid ve esmolol tedavileri sırasıyla uygulandı. Antiaritmik tedavilere yanıt vermeyen hasta takibinin 3. gününde ventriküler fibrilasyona girerek kaybedildi. Sonuç: Uzun QT sendromu yenidoğanda nadir görülen mortalitesi yüksek hastalıktır. Erken tanı tedavi açısından yardımcı olabilmekle beraber QT süresinin uzunluğu ve eşlik eden yapısal anomaliler prognozu belirlemektedir. Risk faktörü olan yenidoğanların EKG ile taranması tartışmalıdır. Hastalığın risk faktörleri belirlenmiş vakalarda erken tanımlanması için EKG çekilerek taranması ve medikal tedaviye dirençli ağır olgularda girişimsel metodolojinin uygulanması düşünülebilir.

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Cite This Article

USLU, S., ÖNER, T., ZUBARİOĞLU, U., BÜLBÜL, A., BAŞ, E. K., UNAL, E. T., ACAR, D. B. (2017). Yenidoğan mortalitesinin nadir bir nedeni: Uzun QT sendromu. Şişli Etfal Hastanesi Tıp Bülteni, Cilt: 51 - Sayı: 4, 329–333. https://ajindex.com/articles/363755

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