Journals / Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica / 2010 / Cilt: 44 - Sayı: 3

Reconstruction of shoulder abduction and external rotation with latissimus dorsi and teres major transfer in obstetric brachial plexus palsy

Doğumsal brakiyal pleksus felcinde omuz abdüksiyon ve dış rotasyonunun latissimus dorsi-teres majör tendon transferi ile düzeltilmesi

Pages
186–193
DOI
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Conclusion: Transfer of the latissimus dorsi and teres major tendons to the rotator cuff combined with musculotendinous lengthening of the subscapularis and/or pectoralis major provides satisfactory increases in shoulder abduction and external rotation, regardless of the age, in patients with no or minimal glenohumeral joint incongruency.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objectives: We evaluated the results of latissimus dorsi and teres major tendon transfer to the rotator cuff together with musculotendinous lengthening of the subscapularis and/or pectoralis major muscles in patients with internal rotation contracture and decreased external rotation and abduction secondary to obstetrical brachial plexus palsy.
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Key Findings & Data:Methods: Thirty patients (18 boys, 12 girls; mean age 9 years; range 4 to 15 years) with internal rotation contracture and loss of external rotation and abduction of the shoulder secondary to obstetrical brachial plexus palsy underwent transfer of the latissimus dorsi/teres major tendons to the rotator cuff.
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Conclusion & Impact:Conclusion: Transfer of the latissimus dorsi and teres major tendons to the rotator cuff combined with musculotendinous lengthening of the subscapularis and/or pectoralis major provides satisfactory increases in shoulder abduction and external rotation, regardless of the age, in patients with no or minimal glenohumeral joint incongruency.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Objectives: We evaluated the results of latissimus dorsi and teres major tendon transfer to the rotator cuff together with musculotendinous lengthening of the subscapularis and/or pectoralis major muscles in patients with internal rotation contracture and decreased external rotation and abduction secondary to obstetrical brachial plexus palsy. Methods: Thirty patients (18 boys, 12 girls; mean age 9 years; range 4 to 15 years) with internal rotation contracture and loss of external rotation and abduction of the shoulder secondary to obstetrical brachial plexus palsy underwent transfer of the latissimus dorsi/teres major tendons to the rotator cuff. In addition, musculotendinous lengthening of the subscapularis and pectoralis major (n=15), pectoralis major (n=9), and subscapularis (n=6) were performed. Nine patients had upper plexus involvement (C5-6), 14 had C5-7 involvement, and seven had complete plexus involvement (C5-T1). According to the Waters and Peljovich classification, all the patients had a congruent glenohumeral joint, which was classified as type 1 in one patient, type 2 in 15 patients, and type 3 in 14 patients. Pre- and postoperative range of motion values of the patients were measured and their motor functions were evaluated with the Mallet scoring system. The mean follow-up period was 47.8 months (range 9 to 84 months). Results: Preoperatively, the mean active abduction was 75.8°, and the mean active external rotation was 25.2°. Postoperatively, the mean abduction and external rotation increased to 138.3° (by 62.5°, 82.5%) and 76.4 degrees (by 51.2°, 203.2%), respectively. Improvements in the degrees of abduction and external rotation were significant (p=0.000). According to the Mallet scoring system, the mean preoperative global abduction and global external rotation scores were 2.97 and 2.43, respectively; the mean Mallet scores for the ability to move the hand to the mouth, neck, and back were 2.50, 2.17, and 2.67, respectively. Postoperatively, the mean global abduction score increased to 3.97 (by 33.7%, p=0.000), and the mean global external rotation score increased to 3.77 (by 55.1%, p=0.000). The mean scores for the ability to move the hand to the mouth, neck, and back were 3.30 (increased by 32%, p=0.000), 3.73 (increased by 71.9%, p=0.000), and 2.30 (decreased by 13.9%, p=0.003), respectively. Postoperative changes in the Mallet scores were all significant. Improvements in abduction and external rotation were not significant between patients ≤9 years and >9 years of age (p>0.05). Conclusion: Transfer of the latissimus dorsi and teres major tendons to the rotator cuff combined with musculotendinous lengthening of the subscapularis and/or pectoralis major provides satisfactory increases in shoulder abduction and external rotation, regardless of the age, in patients with no or minimal glenohumeral joint incongruency.

Özet

Amaç: Doğumsal brakiyal pleksus felcine bağlı omuzda gelişen iç rotasyon kontraktürü ve dış rotasyon ve abdüksiyon kaybının tedavisinde, latissimus dorsi ve teres majör tendonlarının rotator manşete transferi ve subskapularis ve/veya pektoralis majörün muskülotendinöz gevşetme sonuçları, uygulama yaşıyla birlikte değerlendirildi. Çalışma planı: Doğumsal brakiyal pleksus felcine bağlı omuzda iç rotasyon kontraktürü ve dış rotasyon ve abdüksiyon kaybı bulunan 30 hastada (18 erkek, 12 kız; ort. yaş 9; dağılım 4-15) latissimus dorsi ve teres majör tendonları rotator manşete transfer edildi. Ek olarak, 15 olguda subskapularis ve pektoralis majör gevşetmesi, dokuz olguda pektoralis majör gevşetmesi, altı olguda subskapularis gevşetmesi yapıldı. Dokuz hastada üst pleksus tutulumu (C5-6), 14’ünde C5-7 tutulumu, yedisinde tam pleksus tutulumu (C5-T1) vardı. Waters ve Peljovich sınıflamasına göre glenohumeral eklem uyumu açısından bir olgu evre 1, 15 olgu evre 2, 14 olgu evre 3 olarak değerlendirildi. Hastaların ameliyat öncesi ve sonrası dönemde eklem hareket açıklığı değerleri ölçüldü ve motor fonksiyonları Mallet skorlaması ile değerlendirildi. Ortalama takip süresi 47.8 ay (dağılım 9-84 ay) idi. Sonuçlar: Ameliyat öncesi ortalama aktif abdüksiyon 75.8°, ortalama aktif dış rotasyon 25.2° bulundu. Bu değerler ameliyat sonrasında sırasıyla 138.3° (artış 62.5°, %82.5) ve 76.4° (artış 51.2°, %203.2) dereceye yükseldi. Ameliyat sonrası abdüksiyon ve dış rotasyon derecelerindeki artış ileri derecede anlamlı idi (p=0.000). Ameliyat öncesi ortalama Mallet skorları genel abdüksiyon ve genel dış rotasyon için sırasıyla 2.97 ve 2.43, eli ağza, boyna ve sırta götürme için sırasıyla 2.50, 2.17 ve 2.67 olarak hesaplandı. Ameliyat sonrası Mallet skoru ortalamaları genel abdüksiyon ve genel dış rotasyon için sırasıyla 3.97 (artış %33.7, p=0.000) ve 3.77 (artış %55.1, p=0.000), eli ağza, boyna ve sırta götürme için sırasıyla 3.30 (artış %32, p=0.000), 3.73 (artış %71.9, p=0.000) ve 2.30 (azalma %13.9, p=0.003) ölçüldü. Mallet skorlarındaki değişimlerin hepsi anlamlı bulundu. Dokuz yaş veya altı olgular ile dokuz yaş üstü olgular arasında abdüksiyon ve dış rotasyon artışı açısından anlamlı fark bulunmadı (p>0.05). Çıkarımlar: Glenohumeral eklem uyumsuzluğu olmayan veya uyumsuzluğun hafif düzeyde olduğu olgularda yaşa bakılmaksızın uygulanan latissimus dorsi ve teres majör tendonlarının rotator manşete transferi ve subskapularis ve/veya pektoralis majör muskülotendinöz uzatması dış rotasyon ve abdüksiyonda tatmin edici düzeyde düzelme sağlamaktadır.

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Cite This Article

ÖZTÜRK, K., BÜLBÜL, A. M., DEMİR, B. B., BÜYÜKKURT, C. D., AYANOĞLU, S., ESENYEL, C. Z. (2010). Reconstruction of shoulder abduction and external rotation with latissimus dorsi and teres major transfer in obstetric brachial plexus palsy. Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica, Cilt: 44 - Sayı: 3, 186–193. https://ajindex.com/articles/354445

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