Journals / Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni / 2021 / Cilt: 55 - Sayı: 1

Dihydropteroate Synthase (DHPS) Gene Mutations and Mitochondrial Large Subunit (mtLSU) rRNA Genotype Variations in Pneumocystis jirovecii Strains

Pneumocystis jirovecii İzolatlarının Dihidropteroat Sentaz (DHPS) Gen Mutasyonları ve Mitokondriyal Büyük Alt Birim (mtLSU) rRNA Genotip Varyasyonlarının Belirlenmesi

Pages
41–52
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Multicenter studies involving more P.jirovecii isolates are needed to better define the epidemiology of P.jirovecii in our region and in our country.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Pneumocystis jirovecii is an atypical fungus that causes Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in HIV/AIDS and immunocompromised patients.
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Key Findings & Data:In this study, 16 P.jirovecii positive samples, which isolated from 96 patients samples, between August 2016 and February 2018, were included.
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Conclusion & Impact:Multicenter studies involving more P.jirovecii isolates are needed to better define the epidemiology of P.jirovecii in our region and in our country.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2016 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Pneumocystis jirovecii is an atypical fungus that causes Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in HIV/AIDS and immunocompromised patients. Antibiotics containing sulfa and sulfone groups are widely used in PCP prophylaxis and treatment. Especially, long-term use of trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is known to cause certain point mutations associated with drug resistance in the P.jirovecii dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) gene. In addition, DHPS and mitochondrial large subunit (mtLSU) rRNA genotype characterization provides important data on the epidemiology of P.jirovecii. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the DHPS and mtLSU rRNA gene polymorphisms of P.jirovecii strains isolated from immunocompromised patients in Mersin University Hospital. In this study, 16 P.jirovecii positive samples, which isolated from 96 patients samples, between August 2016 and February 2018, were included. P.jirovecii mtLSU rRNA genotypes were determined by sequence analysis according to polymorphisms at the 85th and 248th nucleotide positions. Nested PCR and RFLP method was applied for mutation analysis of DHPS locus, 165th and 171st nucleotide positions. In the DHPS mutation analysis, 12/16 (75%) wild type (W165/W171) and 4/16 (25%) mutant type (M165/W171) were detected. Two mutant types belonged to HIV/AIDS positive patients with PCP and had a history of prophylaxis; the other 2 mutant types belonged to patients with colonization. In the study, a history of prophylaxis in 3 (19%) of the 16 patients were recorded, and mutant type was detected in these 2 of 3 patients. According to mtLSU-rRNA analysis, 3 different genotypes were obtained from 16 P.jirovecii isolates. In our region, genotype 2 (43.75%; n= 7) was the most common genotype, genotype 1 (37.5%; n= 6) was the second common and genotype 3 (18.75%; n= 3) was the least one. Genotype 4 was not detected in our region. When DHPS and mtLSU-rRNA were evaluated as multilocus, five different genotypes were observed. As a result, these findings provided important data on P.jirovecii epidemiology in our region and potential drug-resistant strains showed a risk of transmission in immunosuppressive patients. Multicenter studies involving more P.jirovecii isolates are needed to better define the epidemiology of P.jirovecii in our region and in our country.

Özet

Pneumocystis jirovecii, HIV/AIDS ve immün sistemi baskılanmış hastalarda Pneumocystis pnömonisine(PCP) neden olan atipik bir fungustur. PCP profilaksi ve tedavisinde sülfa ve sülfon grubu içeren ilaçlaryaygın olarak kullanılır. Özellikle trimetoprim sulfametoksazol (TMP-SMX)’un, uzun süreli kullanılmasıP.jirovecii dihidropteroat sentaz (DHPS) geninde ilaç direnci ile ilişkili belirli nokta mutasyonlara nedenolmaktadır. Ayrıca, DHPS ve mitokondriyal büyük alt birim [mitochondrial large subunit (mtLSU)] rRNAgenotip karakterizasyonu P.jirovecii epidemiyolojisi hakkında önemli veri sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada,Mersin Üniversitesi Hastanesinde, immün sistemi baskılanmış hastalardan izole edilen P.jirovecii izolatlarınınDHPS ve mtLSU rRNA gen bölgesi polimorfizmlerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmaya,Ağustos 2016-Şubat 2018 tarihleri arasında 96 hasta örneğinden mtLSU-rRNA nested PCR ile pozitifbulunan 16 P.jirovecii örneği dahil edilmiştir. P.jirovecii mtLSU rRNA genotipleri dizi analizi yapılarak 85. ve248. nükleotit pozisyonundaki polimorfizmlere göre belirlenmiştir. DHPS bölgesi, 165. ve 171. nükleotitpozisyonları mutasyon analizi için nested PCR ve RFLP yöntemi uygulanmıştır. DHPS mutasyon analizinde16 P.jirovecii örneğinin 12 (%75)’sinde vahşi tip (W165/W171), 4 (%25)’ünde ise mutant tip (M165/W171) tespit edilmiştir. Mutant tiplerin ikisi PCP ve HIV/AIDS tanısı ve profilaksi öyküsü olan; diğer ikisikolonizasyon tespit edilen hasta örnekleridir. Çalışmadaki 16 hastanın 3 (%19)’ünde profilaksi öyküsü kaydedilmiş ve bu 3 hastanın ikisinde mutant tip saptanmıştır. mtLSU-rRNA analizine göre 16 P.jiroveciiizolatından 3 farklı genotip elde edilmiştir. Bölgemizde en sık genotip 2 %43.75 (n= 7), ikinci sıklıkta genotip1 %37.5 (n= 6) ve en az genotip 3 %18.75 (n= 3) tespit edilmiştir. Bölgemizde genotip 4 görülmemiştir.DHPS ve mtLSU-rRNA multilokus olarak değerlendirildiğinde beş farklı genotip gözlenmiştir. Sonuçolarak, bu bulgular bölgemizdeki P.jirovecii epidemiyolojisi hakkında önemli veriler sağlamış ve potansiyelilaç dirençli suşların immünsupresif hastalarda bulaş riski taşıdığını göstermiştir. Bölgemizde ve ülkemizdeP.jirovecii epidemiyolojisini daha iyi tanımlayabilmek için daha fazla P.jirovecii izolatını içeren çok merkezliçalışmalara gereksinim vardır.

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Cite This Article

GÜLBUDAK, H., ÖZTÜRK, C., KUYUGÖZ, S., ÜLGER, S. T. (2021). Dihydropteroate Synthase (DHPS) Gene Mutations and Mitochondrial Large Subunit (mtLSU) rRNA Genotype Variations in Pneumocystis jirovecii Strains. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni, Cilt: 55 - Sayı: 1, 41–52. https://ajindex.com/articles/341068

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