Journals / Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni / 2020 / Cilt: 54 - Sayı: 2

Comparison of Multiplex Nested PCR, In-house Real-Time PCR and Commercial Real-Time PCR Methods for the Detection of Plasmodium spp. from Blood Samples

Plasmodium spp.’nin Saptanmasında Multipleks Nested PCR, In-house Gerçek Zamanlı PCR ve Ticari Gerçek Zamanlı PCR Yöntemlerinin Karşılaştırılması

Pages
306–317
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

It is recommended to use more than one method in order to strengthen the laboratory diagnosis of malaria which is an important health problem in our country as in the whole world.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Malaria is a life-threatening parasitic disease caused by the parasites belonging to Plasmodium genus.
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Key Findings & Data:DNA was extracted from 280 whole blood sample stored in EDTA tubes using a commercial kit.
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Conclusion & Impact:It is recommended to use more than one method in order to strengthen the laboratory diagnosis of malaria which is an important health problem in our country as in the whole world.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:182 samples
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Malaria is a life-threatening parasitic disease caused by the parasites belonging to Plasmodium genus. Microscopic examination of Giemsa stained blood smears is accepted as the gold standard diagnostic method. It is recommended to use more than one method in order to strengthen the laboratory diagnosis of malaria which is an important health problem in our country as in the whole world. In this study, it was aimed to compare the results of three different molecular methods and determine which molecular method could be used in the diagnostic algorithm to be applied. DNA was extracted from 280 whole blood sample stored in EDTA tubes using a commercial kit. Three different polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods were used for the detection of Plasmodium spp. in DNA samples obtained and the results were compared. First, multiplex nested PCR was applied and then in-house real-time PCR (Rt-PCR) which was validated in our laboratory and a commercial Rt-PCR kit were applied. Multiplex nested PCR was accepted as the gold standard and 182 samples that were evaluated as Plasmodium spp. positive and 98 samples that were evaluated as negative were also studied by in-house and commercial Rt-PCR methods. In multiplex nested PCR’s first step reaction 1670 base pairs (bp) band was observed in Plasmodium spp. positive samples and 117 bp band was observed in Plasmodium vivax positive samples in the second step reaction. Tm values of P.vivax positive samples were determined as 78-79 in the melting analysis of the in-house Rt-PCR. CT values of the positive samples in in-house Rt-PCR were between 20.03-31.71 and were between 17.26-34.94 in the commercial Rt-PCR. With the in-house Rt-PCR method 180 cases were determined as positive, while with the commercial Rt-PCR method 178 cases were determined as positive. Two samples with the in-house Rt-PCR and 4 samples with the commercial Rt-PCR were considered as false negative. When the sensitivity and specificity of the both methods were calculated, the sensitivity of the in-house Rt-PCR method was 0.98, the specificity was 0.97, the positive predictive value (PPV) was 98%, the negative predictive value (NPV) was 97%, the sensitivity of the commercial Rt-PCR was 0.97, the specificity was 0.95, the PPV was 97%, the NPV was 95%. A high level of agreement (κ: 0.953) was determined between the in-house and the commercial Rt-PCR methods. In order for a test to be accepted as a confirmatory test, its specificity must be high. It was decided that sensitivity and specificity of the in-house Rt-PCR were suitable for using this method in the laboratory diagnosis of Plasmodium species.

Özet

Sıtma, Plasmodium cinsi parazitlerin etken olduğu yaşamı tehdit edebilen paraziter bir hastalıktır. Giemsa boyalı kan yaymasının mikroskobik incelemesi tanıda altın standart yöntem olarak kabul edilmektedir. Tüm dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de önemli bir sağlık sorunu olan sıtmanın laboratuvar tanısınıgüçlendirebilmek için birden fazla yöntemin bir arada kullanılması önerilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, üç farklımoleküler yöntemin sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması ve uygulanacak tanı algoritmasında hangi moleküleryöntemin kullanılacağının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sıtma şüphesiyle laboratuvarımıza gönderilen 280adet EDTA’lı tüpte saklanan tam kan örneğine ticari kit kullanılarak DNA ekstraksiyonu yapılmış ve eldeedilen DNA örneklerinde Plasmodium spp.’nin saptanmasında üç farklı polimeraz zincir raksiyonu (PCR)yöntemi kullanılarak sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır. İlk olarak multipleks nested PCR, ardından da laboratuvarımızda doğrulanmış olan in-house gerçek zamanlı PCR (Rt-PCR) ve ticari bir kit ile Rt-PCR yöntemleriuygulanmıştır. Multipleks nested PCR yöntemi altın standart olarak kabul edilmiş ve Plasmodium spp.açısından pozitif olarak değerlendirilen 182 örnek ile, negatif olarak değerlendirilen 98 örnek, in-house veticari Rt-PCR yöntemleriyle de çalışılmıştır. Multipleks nested PCR yönteminin birinci basamak reaksiyonunda Plasmodium spp. pozitif örneklerde 1670 baz çifti (bp), ikinci basamak reaksiyonunda Plasmodiumvivax pozitif örneklerde 117 bp bant gözlenmiştir. In-house Rt-PCR’de erime eğrisi analizi ile P.vivax pozitiförneklerin Tm değerleri 78-79 olarak belirlenmiştir. In-house Rt-PCR yöntemi ile pozitif örneklerin CTdeğerleri 20.03-31.71 arasında, ticari Rt-PCR yöntemi ile pozitif örneklerin CT değerleri ise 17.26-34.94arasında saptanmıştır. In-house Rt-PCR yöntemi ile olguların 180’i, ticari Rt-PCR yöntemi ile olguların178’i pozitif olarak belirlenmiştir. In-house Rt-PCR ile 2 örnek, ticari Rt-PCR ile 4 örnek yalancı negatifolarak değerlendirilmiştir. Her iki yöntemin duyarlılık ve özgüllükleri hesaplandığında in-house Rt-PCRyönteminin duyarlılığı 0.98, özgüllüğü 0.97, pozitif prediktif değeri (PPD) %98, negatif prediktif değeri(NPD) %97 olarak, ticari Rt-PCR yönteminin duyarlılığı 0.97, özgüllüğü 0.95, PPD %97, NPD %95 olarakbelirlenmiştir. In-house ve ticari Rt-PCR yöntemleri arasında yüksek düzeyde uyum (κ: 0.953) belirlenmiştir. Bir testin doğrulama testi olarak kabul edilmesi için özgüllüğünün yüksek olması gereklidir. Çalışmamızın sonucunda in-house Rt-PCR yönteminin saptanan duyarlılık ve özgüllüğünün Plasmodium türlerininlaboratuvar tanısında yöntemin kullanımına uygun olduğu düşünülmüştür

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Cite This Article

USLUCA, S., ÇELEBİ, B. (2020). Comparison of Multiplex Nested PCR, In-house Real-Time PCR and Commercial Real-Time PCR Methods for the Detection of Plasmodium spp. from Blood Samples. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni, Cilt: 54 - Sayı: 2, 306–317. https://ajindex.com/articles/341030

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