Journals / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi / 2012 / Cilt: 18 - Sayı: 6

Necrotizing fasciitis: Diagnosis, treatment and review of the literature

Nekrotizan fasiit: Tanı, tedavi ve literatürün gözden geçirilmesi

Pages
507–513
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

As soon as the infection and the spread of the necrosis are controlled, reconstruction should be considered.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:BACKGROUND Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is characterized by rapidly spreading necrosis of the soft tissue and fascia.
📊
Key Findings & Data:METHODS Sixty-eight patients (59 male, 9 female; mean age 55.9 years; range 28 to 88 years) with localized NF who were treated between 2000 and 2010 were assessed retrospec- tively for age, sex, localization, time elapsed between onset of symptoms and diagnosis, predisposing factors, charac- teristics of tissue defects, isolated microbiological agents, surgical intervention, complications, and mortality rate.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:As soon as the infection and the spread of the necrosis are controlled, reconstruction should be considered.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2000 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

BACKGROUND Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is characterized by rapidly spreading necrosis of the soft tissue and fascia. It is rare, but can be fatal if not managed properly. The aim of this study was to discuss the morbidity and mortality in NF patients in terms of evaluating early diagnostic techniques and reconstructive options. METHODS Sixty-eight patients (59 male, 9 female; mean age 55.9 years; range 28 to 88 years) with localized NF who were treated between 2000 and 2010 were assessed retrospec- tively for age, sex, localization, time elapsed between onset of symptoms and diagnosis, predisposing factors, charac- teristics of tissue defects, isolated microbiological agents, surgical intervention, complications, and mortality rate. RESULTS In 52 patients (76.4%), comorbidities such as diabetes, obe- sity, smoking, and corticosteroid use were present. The most common localization was the perineum and inguinal region (n=48, 70.5%). Time elapsed between onset of symptoms and diagnosis was 6.2 days (1-12 days). The mean size of tissue defect after the first debridement procedure was 54.2 cm2 (28-82 cm2). The most common isolated microbiological agents were as follows: Escherichia coli, Enterococci, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Polymicrobial infections were en- countered in 54 patients (79.4%). The most common recon- structive procedures were fasciocutaneous flap + split-thick- ness skin grafting (n=39, 57.3%). No major complication was observed; minor complications included wound dehiscence and partial graft loss. The mortality rate was 13.2% (n=9). CONCLUSION The early diagnosis of NF may be lifesaving. When NF is suspected, early debridement of necrotic tissues should be performed. As soon as the infection and the spread of the necrosis are controlled, reconstruction should be considered.

Özet

AMAÇ Nekrotizan fasiit (NF) yumuşak doku ve fasyaların hızla yayılan nekrozu ile karakterize, uygun tedavi edilmezse fulminan seyirli olabilen bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışmada, NF olgularında erken tanı yöntemlerinin saptandı, tedavi ve re- konstrüksiyon seçenekleri gözden geçirildi ve bu doğrultu- da morbidite ve mortalite araştırıldı. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM 2000-2010 yılları arasında NF tanısı ile tedavi edilen 68 hasta (59 erkek, 9 kadın; ort. yaş 55,9; dağılım 28-88 yaş) yaş, cinsiyet, lokalizasyon, tanı konma süresi, predispozan faktörler, doku defekti özellikleri, izole edilen mikrobiyal ajanlar, yapılan cerrahi girişim, komplikasyonlar ve mor- talite oranı açısından geriye dönük olarak incelendi. BULGULAR Hastaların 52’sinde (%76,4) diyabet, obezite, sigara, korti- kosteroid kullanımı gibi risk faktörleri vardı. En sık loka- lizasyon perine ve inguinal bölgeydi (n=48, %70,5). Tanı koyma süresi ortalama 6,2 gündü (dağılım 1-12 gün). İlk debridman sonrası ortaya çıkan doku defekti ortalama 54,2 cm2 (28-82 cm2) idi. En sık izole edilen mikrobiyal ajan- lar sırasıyla Escherichia coli, Enterococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa idi. Hastaların 54’ünde (%79,4) polimikrobi- yal bir tablo söz konusuydu. Hastalara en sık uygulanan rekonstrüktif cerrahi girişim fasyokutanöz flep + kısmi kalınlıkta deri grefti ile onarımdı (n=39, %57,3). Yara yeri ayrılması, kısmi greft kaybı gibi minör komplikasyonlar dışında hiçbir majör komplikasyon izlenmedi. Mortalite oranı %13,2 idi (n=9). SONUÇ Nekrotizan fasiit olgularında erken tanı hayat kurtarıcıdır. NF’den şüphelenildiği durumlarda erken debridman uygu- lanmalıdır. Enfeksiyon tablosu ve nekrozun yayılımı kont- rol edildikten sonra rekonstrüksiyon planlanmalıdır.

🔖

Cite This Article

VAYVADA, H., DEMİRDÖVER, C., MENDERES, A., KARACA, C. (2012). Necrotizing fasciitis: Diagnosis, treatment and review of the literature. Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi, Cilt: 18 - Sayı: 6, 507–513. https://ajindex.com/articles/324732

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (19)

  1. Trent JT, Kirsner RS. Diagnosing necrotizing fasciitis. Adv Skin Wound Care 2002;15:135-8
  2. File TM Jr, Tan JS, DiPersio JR. Group A streptococcal nec- rotizing fasciitis. Diagnosing and treating the “flesh-eating bacteria syndrome”. Cleve Clin J Med 1998;65:241-9
  3. Carter PS, Banwell PE. Necrotising fasciitis: a new manage- ment algorithm based on clinical classification. Int Wound J 2004;1:189-98
  4. Bellapianta JM, Ljungquist K, Tobin E, Uhl R. Necrotizing fasciitis. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2009;17:174-82
  5. Meleney FL. Hemolytic streptococcus gangrene. Arch Surg 1924;9:317-64
  6. Dufel S, Martino M. Simple cellulitis or a more serious infec- tion? J Fam Pract 2006;55:396-400
  7. Bisno AL, Stevens DL. Streptococcal infections of skin and soft tissues. N Engl J Med 1996;334:240-5
  8. Mulla ZD. Treatment options in the management of necrotis- ing fasciitis caused by Group A Streptococcus. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2004;5:1695-700
  9. Taviloglu K, Yanar H. Necrotizing fasciitis: strategies for di- agnosis and management. World J Emerg Surg 2007;2:19
  10. Levine EG, Manders SM. Life-threatening necrotizing fasci- itis. Clin Dermatol 2005;23:144-7
  11. Sudarsky LA, Laschinger JC, Coppa GF, Spencer FC. Improved results from a standardized approach in treating patients with necrotizing fasciitis. Ann Surg 1987;206:661-5
  12. Childers BJ, Potyondy LD, Nachreiner R, Rogers FR, Childers ER, Oberg KC, et al. Necrotizing fasciitis: a four- teen-year retrospective study of 163 consecutive patients. Am Surg 2002;68:109-16
  13. Lamagni TL, Neal S, Keshishian C, Alhaddad N, George R, Duckworth G, et al. Severe Streptococcus pyogenes in- fections, United Kingdom, 2003-2004. Emerg Infect Dis 2008;14:202-9
  14. Sharkawy A, Low DE, Saginur R, Gregson D, Schwartz B, Jessamine P, et al. Severe group a streptococcal soft-tissue in- fections in Ontario: 1992-1996. Clin Infect Dis 2002;34:454- 60
  15. Geusens E, Pans S, Van Breuseghem I, Knockaert D. Necro- tizing fasciitis of the leg presenting with chest wall emphy- sema. Eur J Emerg Med 2004;11:49-51
  16. Cox NH. Streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis and the derma- tologist. Br J Dermatol 1999;141:613-4
  17. Wong CH, Wang YS. The diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2005;18:101-6
  18. Wang YS, Wong CH, Tay YK. Staging of necrotizing fasci- itis based on the evolving cutaneous features. Int J Dermatol 2007;46:1036-41
  19. Young MH, Aronoff DM, Engleberg NC. Necrotizing fasci- itis: pathogenesis and trea