Journals / Solunum / 2008 / Cilt: 10 - Sayı: 1

Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma: Clinicopathological feature

Pulmoner hyalinize granülom: Klinikopatolojik özellikler

Journal
Solunum
Pages
48–53
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

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⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The purpose of this review is to describe distinctive clinicopathological features of PHG, to discuss histological characteristics and differential diagnoses, and to discuss some possibilities regarding its cause and pathogenesis

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma (PHG) which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules of unknown origin is a distinct fibrosing lesion of lung that occurs in middle-aged patients.
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Key Findings & Data:Although the etiopathogenesis of PHG is unknown, it has been postulated that it represents an exaggerated immune response, possibly due to chronic granulomatous infections such as tuberculosis or histoplasmosis or antigen-antibody complexes so that this immune response may result in deposition of immunoglobulins or immune complexes in the lung.
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Conclusion & Impact:The purpose of this review is to describe distinctive clinicopathological features of PHG, to discuss histological characteristics and differential diagnoses, and to discuss some possibilities regarding its cause and pathogenesis
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Epidemiyoloji · Akciğer hastalıkları · Granulom

Abstract

Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma (PHG) which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules of unknown origin is a distinct fibrosing lesion of lung that occurs in middle-aged patients. The radiological appearance of the lesion is that of multiple, bilateral nodules which sometimes mimic metastatic carcinoma. Although the etiopathogenesis of PHG is unknown, it has been postulated that it represents an exaggerated immune response, possibly due to chronic granulomatous infections such as tuberculosis or histoplasmosis or antigen-antibody complexes so that this immune response may result in deposition of immunoglobulins or immune complexes in the lung. PHG has unique histological features. At low magnification, a central area of branching lamellae of hyalinized collagen is surrounded by a more cellular periphery consisting of lymphocytes with germinal centers, plasma cells, histiocytes and spindle-shaped fibroblasts. The pattern of deposition of the lamellar collagen is diagnostic of this lesion and is characterized by thick ropy whorled collagen bundles separated by clear spaces, probably representing a retraction artifact. Most of the patients have a benign clinical course. The clinical, radiological, and histological differential diagnoses include primary and secondary neoplasms, rheumatoid nodule, sarcoidosis, Wegener?s granulomatosis, nodular amyloidosis, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, infectious chronic granulomatous diseases, intrapulmonary localized fibrous tumor, Hodgkin?s lymphoma, nodular sclerosing type, and sclerosing hamartoma. The purpose of this review is to describe distinctive clinicopathological features of PHG, to discuss histological characteristics and differential diagnoses, and to discuss some possibilities regarding its cause and pathogenesis

Özet

Pulmoner hyalinize granülom (PHG), orijini bilinmeyen pulmoner nodüllerin ayırıcı tanısına giren, orta yaşta görülen, akciğerin farklı bir fibrotik lezyonudur. Lezyonların radyolojik görünümü bazen metastatik karsinomu taklit eden multipl, bilateral nodüller olarak izlenir. PHG?nin etyopatogenezi bilinmemesine karşın hastalığın, tüberküloz ve histoplazmozis gibi kronik granülomatöz infeksiyon veya antijen-antikor komplekslerinin rol oynadığı herhangi bir olaydan dolayı abartılı bir immün yanıtı yansıttığı ileri sürülmüş ve bu abartılı immün yanıtın, akciğerde kendini immünglobulin veya immün komplekslerin birikimi şeklinde gösterebileceği varsayılmıştır. PHG?nin kendine özgü histolojik özellikleri bulunur. Küçük büyütmede iyi sınırlı bir nodüler yapının santralinde dallanan, çaprazlaşarak kesişen veya girdaplar oluşturan hyalinize kollajen ve bunun periferinde plazma hücreleri, germinal merkezleri belirgin lenfoid foliküllerin de bazen eşlik ettiği lenfositler, histiositler ve spindl şekilli fibroblastlardan oluşan daha selüler bir hücre popülasyonu gözlenir. Kollajenin dağılım paterni lezyon açısından tanısal bir öneme sahip olup, retraksiyon artefaktını yansıttığı düşünülen boşluklar ile birbirinden ayrılan, girdaplar oluşturan kalın kollajen demetleri ile karakterizedir. Hastaların çoğu benign klinik seyir gösterir. Klinik, radyolojik ve histolojik ayırıcı tanılar; primer ve sekonder neoplazmlar, romatoid nodül, sarkoidozis, Wegener granülomatozis, nodüler amiloidozis, inflamatuar myofibroblastik tümör, infeksiyöz kronik granülomatöz hastalıklar, intrapulmoner lokalize fibröz tümör, nodüler sklerozan Hodgkin lenfoma ve sklerozan hamartoma içerirler. Bu derlemenin amacı PHG?nin ayırıcı klinikopatolojik özelliklerini tanımlamak, histolojik özellikleri ve ayırıcı tanılarını tartışmak ve hastalığın nedenleri ve patogenezi ile ilgili bazı olasılıkları ortaya koymaktır.

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Cite This Article

PERÇİNEL, S., SAK, S. D., SAVAŞ, B. (2008). Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma: Clinicopathological feature. Solunum, Cilt: 10 - Sayı: 1, 48–53. https://ajindex.com/articles/316274

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