Journals / Solunum / 2006 / Cilt: 8 - Sayı: 3

The diagnostic effectiveness of bronchoscopic and non-bronchoscopic methods in diagnosing ventilatör associated pneumonia

Ventilatör ilişkili pnömoni tanısında bronkoskopik ve bronkoskopik olmayan yöntemlerın tanısal etkinliklerinin karşılaştırılması

Journal
Solunum
Pages
95–101
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

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⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

However, use of invasive methods might be necessary in critically ill cases or in patients who don't respond the empiric therapy well.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare diagnostic value of quantitative cultures obtained by Endotracheal Aspiration (EA) and bronchoscopic methods such as Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) and Protected Specimen Brush (PSB) in patients with clinically diagnosed as Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP).
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Key Findings & Data:MATERIAL-METHODS: Seventeen male, 6 female totally 23 patients who were mechanically ventilated at least 48 hours in intensive care unit and had clinical suspicion of VAP were included in the study.
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Conclusion & Impact:However, use of invasive methods might be necessary in critically ill cases or in patients who don't respond the empiric therapy well.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Kültür ortamı · Tanı · Pnömoni

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare diagnostic value of quantitative cultures obtained by Endotracheal Aspiration (EA) and bronchoscopic methods such as Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) and Protected Specimen Brush (PSB) in patients with clinically diagnosed as Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP). MATERIAL-METHODS: Seventeen male, 6 female totally 23 patients who were mechanically ventilated at least 48 hours in intensive care unit and had clinical suspicion of VAP were included in the study. Patients were sedatisized under mechanical ventilation and ETA samples were taken previously. Then, patients underwent bronchoscopy with PSB sampling and BAL, all samples were sent to microbiology laboratory. Blood agar, Eosine Methylene Blue and chocolate agars were used for quantitative cultures. Quantitative values of colony counts were determined following 24-48 hours of incubation period in all three methods. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility tests of bacteries grown in cultures were performed by VITEK. RESULTS: While 22 of 23 patients had positive cultures in ETA samples, 22 positivity in BAL and 21 in PBS were determined in quantitative cultures. There were 21 growths in ETA cultures, 22 growths in BAL fluid cultures and 21 growths in PSB cultures above threshold level, 2 ETA, one BAL and one PSB cultures were negative. The identified microorganisms were Acinetobacter spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between culture results of ETA, PSB and BAL (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: No difference was noted between the diagnostic values of ETA and bronchoscopic methods in diagnosis of VAP. For this reason, we suggest that quantitative cultures of ETA which is more easy, cheap and requires less experience can be used as an alternative diagnostic method to PSB and BAL where these two methods can not performed. However, use of invasive methods might be necessary in critically ill cases or in patients who don't respond the empiric therapy well.

Özet

AMAÇ: Klinik olarak Ventilatör İlişkili Pnömoni (VİP) tanısı konulan hastalarda, Endotrakeal Aspirasyon (ETA) ile alınan örneklerle, bronkoskopik yöntemler olan Bronkoalveoler Lavaj (BAL) ve korumalı fırça tekniği (KF) ile alınan örneklerin kantitatif kültürlerinin tanısal etkinliklerini karşılaştırmaktır. GEREÇ-YÖNTEM: Çalışmaya yoğun bakım ünitesinde yatan, en az 48 saat mekanik ventilasyon uygulanan ve klinik olarak VİP düşünülen 17'si erkek, 6'sı kadın toplam 23 hasta alındı. Sedasyonu takiben öncelikle ETA, takiben KF ve BAL ile örnekler alındı ve kantitatif kültür için mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarına gönderildi. Kanlı agar, Eosine Metilen Blue (EMB) ve çukulata agara kantitatif kültür ekimi yapıldı. Her üç yöntemde de 24-48 saatlik inkübasyondan sonra koloni sayımı yapılarak, kantitasyon değerleri belirlendi. Üreyen bakterilerin identifikasyonları ve antibiyogram duyarlılık testleri ViTEK ile yapıldı. BULGULAR: ETA örneğinde 23 hastanın 22'sinde kültürlerde üreme bulunurken, BAL'da 22, KF'de ise 21 hastanın kültüründe mikroorganizma ürediği tespit edildi. Kantitatif kültürlerde ise eşik değerin üzerinde ETA'da 21, BAL'da 22, KF'de ise 21 hastada üreme olurken, ETA'da 2, BAL'da 1, KF'de ise 1 hastada üreme olmadı. İzole edilen mikroorganizmalar sırasıyla Acinetobacter spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ve Stenotrophomonas maltophilia idi. ETA, KF ve BAL'ın kantitatif kültür örnekleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı (p>0.05). SONUÇ: VİP tanısında kullanılan ETA ve bronkoskopik yöntemlerin tanısal değerleri arasında farklılık tespit edilemedi. Bu nedenle daha kolay, daha ucuz ve daha az deneyim gerektiren ETA'nın kantitatif kültürünün, bronkoskopik yöntemlerin uygulanamadığı durumlarda KF ve BAL'a alternatif bir tanı yöntemi olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bununla birlikte çok ciddi olgularda ya da empirik tedaviye yanıtsız hastalarda invazif tekniklerin uygulanması gerekebilir.

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Cite This Article

ÇELİK, D., YILDIZ, Ş. T., ILGAZLI, A., WILKE, A., BAŞYİĞİT, İ., YILDIZ, F., TOKER, K. (2006). The diagnostic effectiveness of bronchoscopic and non-bronchoscopic methods in diagnosing ventilatör associated pneumonia. Solunum, Cilt: 8 - Sayı: 3, 95–101. https://ajindex.com/articles/314465

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