Journals / Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni / 2012 / Cilt: 46 - Sayı: 3

Determination of hepatitis B virus genotypes in chronic hepatitis B patients in Mersin province, Turkey

Mersin ilinde kronik hepatit B hastalarında hepatit B virusu genotiplerinin belirlenmesi

Pages
432–445
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

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⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The results of this study also showed that the genotype uniformity and pre-S gene variants within the HBV isolates could be crucial in terms of understanding the molecular epidemiology of HBV circulating in the Mediterranean region of Turkey.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Currently, ten genotypes (A-J) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) are identified based on the nucleic acid sequence heterogeneity, and these genotypes have been shown to have distinct geographic distribution.
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Key Findings & Data:A total of 54 serum samples were obtained from the chronic hepatitis B patients (33 male, 21 female; mean age: 40.05 years) followed-up at Gastroenterology Clinic of Mersin University Hospital.
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Conclusion & Impact:The results of this study also showed that the genotype uniformity and pre-S gene variants within the HBV isolates could be crucial in terms of understanding the molecular epidemiology of HBV circulating in the Mediterranean region of Turkey.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:47 samples
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Currently, ten genotypes (A-J) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) are identified based on the nucleic acid sequence heterogeneity, and these genotypes have been shown to have distinct geographic distribution. Reports of previous studies indicated that the genotype D is the predominant type among hepatitis B patients in different regions of Turkey, however there is no data for HBV genotypes to date from Mersin region. The aim of this study was to investigate the HBV genotypes by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in chronic hepatitis B patients in Mersin province (located in the Mediterranean region of Turkey). A total of 54 serum samples were obtained from the chronic hepatitis B patients (33 male, 21 female; mean age: 40.05 years) followed-up at Gastroenterology Clinic of Mersin University Hospital. Patients had detectable HBV-DNA levels in their serum samples, and they were under antiviral therapy for at least one year. Genotyping of HBV was performed by RFLP analysis with the use of AvaII and MboI restriction enzymes after amplification of pre-S gene region by PCR. Confirmation of selected 18 cases was carried out with direct DNA sequencing. The genotypes were determined by phylogenetic comparison with 43 reference NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) HBV sequences. Genotype determination was not successful in seven cases; since three of them were negative in preS-PCR, three of them yielded non-specific bands, and one of them exhibited a deleted PCR product, at the 300 bp level that was shorter than expected. Four different restriction patterns were determined in PCR-RFLP analysis of the remaining 47 samples. One of these patterns which was AvaII [-]/MboI [306/89/51], was clearly discriminated in 72.3% (34/47) of the samples as genotype D. Genotype discrimination of three patterns could not be done properly and these patterns were AvaII [- ]/MboI [357/306/89/51] (7/47, 14.9%), AvaII [300/146]/MboI [306/89/51] (5/47, 10.7%), and AvaII [- ]/MboI [357/89/---] (1/47, 2.1%). Phylogenetic comparison of HBV sequences demonstrated that all patterns in our cases were clustered in NCBI genotype D sequences. Patterns of AvaII [300/146]/MboI [306/89/51] and AvaII [-]/ MboI [357/89/---] and deleted sample were recognized as pre-S gene variants of HBV isolates. Our data indicated that the predominant HBV type was genotype D as commonly seen in Turkey and other Mediterranean countries. The results of this study also showed that the genotype uniformity and pre-S gene variants within the HBV isolates could be crucial in terms of understanding the molecular epidemiology of HBV circulating in the Mediterranean region of Turkey.

Özet

Hepatit B virusu (HBV), nükleik asit dizi heterojenitesine göre tanımlanan on genotip (A-J) içermekte ve bu genotipler birbirlerinden oldukça farklı coğrafi dağılım göstermektedir. Ülkemizin değişik bölgelerinde yapılan çalışmalarda en yaygın olarak HBV genotip D saptanmaktadır; ancak bugüne kadar Mersin bölgesinde HBV genotipleri değerlendirilmemiştir. Bu çalışmada, Mersin ilindeki kronik hepatit B hastalarında, pre-S gen dizisi temel alınarak polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu-restriksiyon parça uzunluk polimorfizmi (PCR-RFLP) ve DNA dizi analizi ile HBV genotip dağılımının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya, Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Gastroenteroloji kliniğinde takip edilen 33’ü erkek, 21’i kadın ve yaş ortalamaları 40.05 yıl olan toplam 54 kronik hepatit B’li hastaya ait serum örnekleri alınmıştır. Hastalar, serum örneklerinde tespit edilebilir HBV DNA düzeyine sahip olup, en az bir yıldır antiviral tedavi almaktadır. HBV genotip tayini, HBV genomunun pre-S gen bölgesi PCR ile amplifiye edildikten sonra, AvaII ve MboI kesim enzimleri ile RFLP analizi uygulanarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Doğrulama için, hasta örneklerinden 18’inin pre-S gen bölgesi PCR ürünlerine direkt DNA dizi analizi uygulanmıştır. Genotipler 43 NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) referans HBV dizisi ile filogenetik olarak karşılaştırılarak belirlenmiştir. Genotip belirlenmesi 54 örneğin yedi tanesinde gerçekleştirilememiştir. Bu örneklerden üçü pre-S PCR ile negatif bulunmuş, üçü özgül olmayan bantlar vermiş, birinde ise PCR sonucunda beklenenden daha kısa, yaklaşık 300 bç hizasında delesyona uğramış bir PCR ürünü tespit edilmiştir. Kalan 47 örneğin PCR-RFLP analizinde dört farklı restriksiyon paterni belirlenmiştir. Bu paternlerden biri AvaII [- ]/MboI [306/89/51] olup, örneklerin %72.3 (34/47)’ünde genotip D olarak açıkça ayrımı yapılmıştır. Diğer üç patern ise, AvaII [-]/MboI [357/306/89/51] (7/47, %14.9), AvaII [300/146]/MboI [306/89/51] (5/47, %10.7) ve AvaII [-]/MboI [357/89/---] (1/47, %2.1) olup, genotip ayrımı tam olarak yapılamamıştır. HBV dizilerinin filogenetik karşılaştırılması, bütün paternlere ait örneklerin NCBI genotip D dizileri içinde gruplandığını göstermiştir. AvaII [300/146]/MboI [306/89/51] ve AvaII [-]/MboI [357/89/---] paternleri ile delesyona uğramış örnek HBV izolatlarının pre-S gen varyantı olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bulgularımız, Mersin ilinde predominant HBV genotipinin, ülkemizde ve diğer Akdeniz ülkelerinde de yaygın olarak görülen tip olan, genotip D olduğunu göstermiştir. Çalışmamızın sonuçları ayrıca, ülkemizin güney bölgesinde dolaşımda olan HBV izolatlarının moleküler epidemiyolojisinin anlaşılmasında oldukça önemli olan, HBV izolatları arasındaki genotipik bir örnekliliği ve pre-S gen varyantlarının varlığını da ortaya koymuştur.

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Cite This Article

EMEKDAŞ, G., ÜLGER, S. T., ASLAN, G., SERİN, M. S., SEZGİN, O., ÜÇBİLEK, E., ÜLGER, M., ALTINTAŞ, E., DÖĞEN, A. (2012). Determination of hepatitis B virus genotypes in chronic hepatitis B patients in Mersin province, Turkey. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni, Cilt: 46 - Sayı: 3, 432–445. https://ajindex.com/articles/298736

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