Journals / Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni / 2012 / Cilt: 46 - Sayı: 3

A severe falciparum malaria case successfully treated by Exchange transfusion as an adjunct therapy

Eritrosit değişimi destek tedavisi ile başarılı şekilde tedavi edilen ciddi falciparum sıtması

Pages
493–498
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In conclusion, it was noted that in addition to antimalarial treatment, erythrocyte ET may provide dramatic improvement in severe cases of P.falciparum malaria with hyperparasitemia.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Plasmodium falciparum malaria is a type of malaria with high fatality rate despite optimal antimalarial treatment.
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Key Findings & Data:A 24-year-old male patient was admitted to our emergency clinic with the complaints of fever that persisted for 10 days, headache, nausea-vomiting, and impaired consciousness.
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Conclusion & Impact:In conclusion, it was noted that in addition to antimalarial treatment, erythrocyte ET may provide dramatic improvement in severe cases of P.falciparum malaria with hyperparasitemia.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Plasmodium falciparum malaria is a type of malaria with high fatality rate despite optimal antimalarial treatment. Exchange transfusion (ET) is successfully used as a means of supportive therapy in severe P. falciparum malaria cases with hyperparasitemia. Herein, we present a case with hyperparasitemia, who received erythrocyte ET therapy due to lack of clinical response to antimalarial treatment. A 24-year-old male patient was admitted to our emergency clinic with the complaints of fever that persisted for 10 days, headache, nausea-vomiting, and impaired consciousness. Medical history revealed that he had been working in Sudan, Africa and returned back 12 days ago. On physical examination; he had fever, hypotension, tachycardia, subicterus and impaired cooperation. Laboratory examination revealed pancytopenia, elevated C-reactive protein, hyperbilirubinemia, hyponatremia, elevated creatinine level and hematuria. On thick blood smear and thin blood smear examinations, multiple (> 5%) trophozoites and gametocytes indicating P.falciparum species were observed. The case was diagnosed as P.falciparum malaria and parenteral fluid support, dopamine infusion, meropenem (IV), doxycycline (PO) and quinine sulphate (PO) were initiated in the intensive care unit. On reevaluation of the patient on the third day of hospitalization, it was observed that arterial hypotension and fever were persistent, anemia and trombocytopenia deteriorated and on thick blood smear parasitemiea was not decreased. It was decided to apply automated erythrocyte ET. After ET, patient’s medical status was quickly improved and patient was discharged on the 7th day of hospitalization. In conclusion, it was noted that in addition to antimalarial treatment, erythrocyte ET may provide dramatic improvement in severe cases of P.falciparum malaria with hyperparasitemia.

Özet

Plasmodium falciparum sıtması, optimal antimalaryal tedaviye rağmen olgu/fatalite hızı yüksek bir hastalıktır. Hiperparazitemisi olan ciddi/ağır P.falciparum sıtma olgularının destek tedavisinde kan değişimi (Exchange transfusion; ET) başarıyla uygulanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada hiperparazitemisi olan ve antimalaryal tedaviye rağmen kliniğinin düzelmemesi nedeniyle eritrosit değişimi uygulanan bir olgu sunulmuştur. Yirmi dört yaşında erkek hasta on gündür devam eden ateş, baş ağrısı, bulantı-kusma ve bilinç bulanıklığı şikayetiyle acil servisimize başvurmuştur. Öyküsünden, Afrika kıtasında Sudan’da işçi olarak çalıştığı ve 12 gün önce yurda döndüğü öğrenilmiştir. Fizik muayenesinde ateş, hipotansiyon, taşikardi, kooperasyon bozukluğu ve subikter mevcuttur. Laboratuvar incelemelerinde; pansitopeni, C-reaktif protein yüksekliği, hiperbilirubinemi, hiponatremi, kreatinin yüksekliği ve hematüri saptanmıştır. Kalın damla ve ince yayma incelemesinde çok sayıda (> %5) P.falciparum ile uyumlu olduğu düşünülen trofozoitler görülmüştür. Yoğun bakım ünitesine alınan hastaya parenteral sıvı desteği, dopamin infüzyonu, meropenem (IV), doksisiklin (PO) ve kinin sülfat (PO) başlanmasına karşın, yatışının üçüncü günü halen hipotansiyonunun ve ateşinin devam etmesi, anemi ve trombositopenisinin derinleşmesi, tekrarlanan kalın damla incelemesinde parazit yoğunluğunun azalmaması nedeniyle hastaya otomatize eritrosit ET uygulanmıştır. ET sonrası kliniği hızla düzelen hasta, tedavisi yedi güne tamamlanarak şifayla taburcu edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak eritrosit ET’nin hiperparazitemisi olan ciddi/ağır P.falciparum sıtma olgularında antimalaryal tedaviyle birlikte uygulandığında dramatik düzelme sağlayabileceği akılda tutulmalıdır.

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Cite This Article

DEMİROĞLU, Y. Z., KOZANOĞLU, İ., TURUNÇ, T., KURŞUN, E., ARSLAN, A. H. (2012). A severe falciparum malaria case successfully treated by Exchange transfusion as an adjunct therapy. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni, Cilt: 46 - Sayı: 3, 493–498. https://ajindex.com/articles/298673

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