Journals / Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni / 2013 / Cilt: 47 - Sayı: 1

Molecular epidemiological analysis of HIV-1 pol gene sequences isolated in Istanbul, Turkey

İstanbul'da izole edilen HIV-1 pol geni dizilerinin moleküler epidemiyolojik analizi

Pages
87–97
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Furthermore, the determined subtypes and CRFs of HIV-1 in Turkey may be expected to contribute to global HIV surveillance systems.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) characterized by a high genetic variability includes two genotypes namely HIV-1 and HIV-2.
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Key Findings & Data:A major proportion of the infections worldwide is caused by HIV-1 which includes four groups (M, N, O and P).
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Conclusion & Impact:Furthermore, the determined subtypes and CRFs of HIV-1 in Turkey may be expected to contribute to global HIV surveillance systems.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2009 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) characterized by a high genetic variability includes two genotypes namely HIV-1 and HIV-2. A major proportion of the infections worldwide is caused by HIV-1 which includes four groups (M, N, O and P). Group M being responsible for the HIV pandemic is further divided into nine genetically distinct subtypes (A, B, C, D, F, G, H, J, and K). Additionally, more than 49 circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) have been recognized up to now. The aim of this study was to determine the subtype characterization and prevalence of HIV strains isolated from patients inhabiting in Istanbul, Turkey. The study was carried out between June 2009 and June 2012 and a total of 72 patients [58 male, 14 female; age range: 20-57 (median: 37) years; CD4+ T cell count range: 3-813 (median: 243)/mm3; HIV-RNA load range: 1.5+E3-1.0+E7 (median: 5.8+E5) IU/ml] were included in the study. Fortysix of the patients (64%) have acquired the infection via heterosexual and 23 (32%) via homosexual contact. Of the patients 57 were newly diagnosed and antiretroviral (ARV) therapy-naïve patients, while 15 were under different ARV therapies. For HIV-1 subtyping the most widely known algorithm (HIVdb-Stanford University Genotypic Resistance Interpretation Algoritm) was used. The population-based sequencing of the reverse transcripta ise region (pol) of HIV-1 indicated that CRFs (36/72; 50%) were the most commonly identified strains, followed by subtype B (31/72; 43%) among Turkish patients. Sub-subtypes A1 (3/72; 4.2%) and F1 (2/72; 2.8%) were also detected as low prevalent. The recombinant forms of HIV-1 circulated in Istanbul, Turkey were found as follows, respectively; CRF02_AG [%25 (18/72), West Africa, Central Africa and Middle East/North Africa origin], CRF12_BF [%12.5 (9/72), South America origin], CRF03_AB [%9.7 (7/72), Eastern Europe and Central Asia origin] and CRF01_AE [%2.8 (2/72), South-East Asia, East Asia and Central Africa origin]. Since molecular epidemiologic studies are important tools for tracking the transmission and spread patterns, and for the control of the HIV infections, HIV molecular studies should be expanded in HIV-1 infected Turkish patients. Furthermore, the determined subtypes and CRFs of HIV-1 in Turkey may be expected to contribute to global HIV surveillance systems.

Özet

Yüksek genetik değişkenliğe sahip olan insan immün yetmezlik virusu (HIV)’nun günümüzde HIV-1 ve HIV-2 olmak üzere iki genotipi bulunmaktadır. Dünya çapındaki enfeksiyonların önemli ölçüde nedeni HIV-1’dir ve M, N, O ve P olmak üzere dört alt grubu vardır. HIV pandemilerinin ana nedeni olan M grubu dokuz alttipe (A, B, C, D, F, G, H, J ve K) ayrılmaktadır. Ayrıca alttipler arasında gerçekleşen ve günümüzde 49 kadar tanımlanmış dolaşan rekombinant form (CRF) bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, İstanbul’da HIV pozitif bireylerden izole edilen HIV-1 suşlarının filogenetik bir yaklaşımla alttiplendirmesi ve prevalanslarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya, Haziran 2009-Şubat 2012 yılları arasında, 57’si yeni tanı almış ve antiretroviral (ARV) tedavi naif, 15’i çeşitli ARV tedaviler altında takip edilen toplam 72 HIV-1 pozitif hasta [58 erkek, 14 kadın; yaş aralığı: 20-57 (ortanca: 37) yıl; CD4+ T hücre sayısı aralığı: 3- 813 (ortanca: 243)/mm3; HIV-RNA yükü aralığı: 1.5+E3-1.0+E7 (ortanca: 5.8+E5) IU/ml] alınmıştır. Olguların 46 (%64)’sında enfeksiyonun bulaş yolu heteroseksüel temas, 23 (%32)’ünde ise homoseksüel temastır. HIV-1 alttiplendirme analizi için en yaygın kullanılan algoritma (HIVdb-Stanford Üniversitesi Genotipik Direnç Değerlendirme algoritması) kullanılmıştır. HIV-1 ters transkriptaz (pol) bölgesinin direkt dizilemesine dayanan filogenetik analize göre, en sık karşılaşılan HIV-1 tipinin CRF (36/72; %50)’ler olduğu; bunu alttip B’nin izlediği (31/72; %43); alt-alttip A1 (3/72; %4.2) ve alt-alttip F1 (2/72; %2.8)’in de dolaşımda bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmamızda saptanan rekombinant suşlar sırasıyla; CRF02_AG [%25 (18/72), Batı Afrika, Orta Afrika ve Orta Doğu/Kuzey Afrika kaynaklı], CRF12_BF [%12.5 (9/72), Güney Amerika kaynaklı], CRF03_AB [%9.7 (7/72), Doğu Avrupa ve Orta Asya kaynaklı] ve CRF01_AE [%2.8 (2/72), Güney Doğu Asya, Doğu Asya ve Orta Afrika kaynaklı] olmuştur. HIV-1’in ülkemize hangi yollardan girdiği ve nasıl yayıldığının anlaşılması ve enfeksiyonların kontrolü için HIV-1 ile enfekte bireylerde daha fazla moleküler epidemiyolojik temelli çalışmaya gereksinim bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca ülkemizdeki HIV-1 alttip ve CRF’lerinin tanımlanmasının, global çaptaki moleküler epidemiyolojik verilere katkıda bulunacağı düşünülmektedir.

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Cite This Article

SAYAN, M., KARAOSMANOĞLU, H. K., METE, B., GÜNDÜZ, A., AYDIN, Ö. A., YEMİŞEN, M., UZUN, N., TABAK, F. (2013). Molecular epidemiological analysis of HIV-1 pol gene sequences isolated in Istanbul, Turkey. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni, Cilt: 47 - Sayı: 1, 87–97. https://ajindex.com/articles/298615

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